Study on the Stress and Deformation Behaviors of a Deep and Irregular Foundation Pit as the Shield Launching Shaft in a Sea Reclaimed Cofferdam北大核心CSCD

With the development of the tunnel technology in China, the shield tunnel will become an important way to build the Sea-crossing channel. Taking the current largest diameter Shantou Bay shield tunnel in China as the engineering background, this paper introduces the challenges faced by the construction of the shield launching shaft in the reclamation cofferdam: e.g. deep, irregular excavation, deep silt layer and great influence of the seawater. Based on the practical conditions, a top-down construction technique of large ring beam considering two working conditions of foundation pit excavation and shield launching is proposed. Based on three-dimensional finite element analysis and field measurement, the stress characteristics and soil deformation of foundation pit are studied. The results show that the top-down construction technique of large ring beam can effectively control the deformation of the foundation pit and save construction time. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Distribution Laws of Earth Pressure Acting on a Shield Tunnel Based on Measured Data北大核心CSCD

The earth pressure acting on a shield tunnel is intrinsically related to synchronous grouting, the position of the shield machines, the rigidity of the segment and stratum, etc. Existing theoretical formulas and empirical methods couldn′t exactly reflect the actual state of the segment of a shield tunnel during construction due to the com⁃plexities mentioned above. Based on earth pressure data measured at 52 monitoring sections in 35 tunnels, the distri⁃bution laws and influential factors are analyzed. The results show that: 1) the earth pressure scope is 0 to 400 kPa for over 90% of the total samples, but is recommended to be 0.3 to 0.4 MPa for the empirical grouting pressure; 2)the earth pressure on the segment and the buried depth approximately have an exponential relationship, with the dif⁃ference between the max. earth pressure and the stable earth pressure decreasing with an increase of the buried depth; 3) the lateral pressure coefficient range is 0.5 to 2.3, which is partially out of the scope of recommended values(0.5 to 1.0) of surrounding rock of grade Ⅵ, so it is not appropriate to follow the recommended values in the specifi⁃cation; 4) the relationship of the earth pressure and the segment/soil stiffness ratio presents a quadratic function, and the most reasonable value for the stiffness ratio of the segment/soil is 1.0; and 5) there are four typical stages of the spatial distribution of earth pressure on a segment in clay stratum—the erection stage, the grouting influence stage,the consolidation contraction stage and the recovery stage, with the distribution of the circumferential earth pressure being asymmetrical. The distribution curves of the earth and water pressure in sand and soil layers are classified as a“weak decay pulse fluctuation”and“double hump,”respectively. After stabilizing, the circumferential earth pressure is notably in a symmetrical distribution, and the water pressure exhibits a light bulb shaped distribution (large at the lower part and small at the upper part). These conclusions provide a reference for studying the mechanism of earth pressure functions and perfecting the design of segments for shield tunnelling. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Study on Reinforcing Technology System for the Overlapped Running Shield Tunnels underneath the Track Group of High Speed Railways北大核心CSCD

The large settlements of tracks will emerge due to multiple disturbances in the construction of over- lapped shield tunnels, which affects the running safety of trains. Based on the overlapped Sungang station-Honghu station shield running tunnels of Shenzhen Metro line 7 passing underneath 26 tracks of high speed railways, a rein- forcement technology system consisting of”track support + subgrade reinforcement + interlayer soil consolidation + internal support of the lower tunnel”was developed. The settlements of tracks were mainly monitored automatically with manual monitoring as an auxiliary one. The results show that the maximum settlement of main track caused by constructing overlapped shield tunnels is -5.9 mm which is less than the control value of 10 mm, ensuring the opera- tion safety and verifying the reliability and practicability of the reinforcement technology system. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

柔性操纵翼面的推力特性研究

柔性操纵翼面是翼面形状可以改变的翼型,它可以通过翼面的柔性摆动拍水来产生推力,实现对潜器姿态的有效控制。论文建立了NACA0012翼型柔性摆动时的运动学模型,并对摆动时产生的推进力进行了公式推导,然后选用有限体积法和标准k-ε湍流模型,运用FLUENT动网格DEFINE_GRID_MOTION宏,编写UDF,在静水条件下对柔性操纵翼面摆动状态时进行了仿真。结果表明,操纵翼面在柔性摆动过程中产生了类似鱼类游动时的反卡门涡街,形成了向前的推力。柔性操纵翼面的这一特性,应用前景十分广阔。     

基于喷水推进器的单手柄操纵系统推力分配策略

目前国内基于喷水推进器的单手柄操纵系统应用较少,通过人工控制2套推进装置的6个参数来实现船体的平移运动操纵复杂、难度大,由此,对基于喷水推进器的单手柄操纵系统推力分配策略进行研究。推力分配是单手柄操纵系统的关键技术之一,其任务是将手柄输出的合力指令分配给各推进器。根据喷水推进器的特性,提出级联广义逆结合组合偏置的控制策略。该推力分配策略基于能量最优、艏向优先的方法,能自适应地调整偏置量,并兼顾喷水推进器的操纵性。仿真结果表明,该策略能适应喷水推进器优异的操纵性。     

一个在船舶推力分配中避免奇异结构的简单方法

处在奇异结构的船舶可能会突然失位,因为无法及时提供船舶所需的推力.文章提出了一个在船舶推力分配中避免奇异结构的简单方法.为了验证这个简单方法的效果,进行了一个半潜平台的时域模拟.时域模拟中用到了两种避免奇异结构的方法,包括新提出的方法和文献中经常提到的典型方法.从结果中可以得出,这个新方法具有和典型方法同样好的推力分配效果.用这个简单方法,虽然消耗的能量有少量增加,但时域模拟所花的时间大大地缩减了.这个简单方法的高效率可以保证它在船舶动力定位的实时推力分配中得到更广的应用.     

基于功率管理的动力定位系统推力分配方法研究

以全电力推进船舶为研究对象,针对船上其他用电设备的功耗波动对电力系统的影响这一实际情况,在不影响定位功能的前提下,在原有的推力分配基础上研究具有功率管理功能的推力分配策略,采用基于动态负载控制法的推力分配方法,以达到减小电网总功耗波动和提高船舶电力系统稳定性的目标.仿真验证此方法导致的船舶在速度和位置上的偏差被成功地限制在一定范围内,也证明了如此小的偏差足以实现减小电网功耗波动的目标.     

测井仪器在流体中所受推力的测量方法研究

由于测井仪器在被泵送的过程中,其所受流体的推力难以直接进行测量,因此,本文提出了一种间接的测量方法,即利用密封液体内部压强处处相等的原理,采用盲孔将指定端面处的压力引出到便于观察的仪器尾部,用压力传感器实现动态压力测量.文中通过试验与数值模拟2种手段对该方法进行验证,并在此基础上进行工业应用试验.结果表明,该方法测量结果准确,操作简单方便,节约成本,能够满足工程应用的要求.     

CFD simulation of propeller and rudder performance when using additional thrust fins

To analyse a possible way to improve the propulsion performance of ships,the unstructured grid and the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes equations were used to calculate the performance of a propeller and rudder fitted with additional thrust fins in the viscous flow field.The computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT was used to simulate the thrust and torque coefficient as a function of the advance coefficient of propeller and the thrust efficiency of additional thrust fins. The pressure and velocity flow behind the propeller was calculated. The geometrical nodes of the propeller were constituted by FORTRAN program and the NUMBS method was used to create a configuration of the propeller,which was then used by GAMMBIT to generate the calculation model. The thrust efficiency of fins was calculated as a function of the number of additional fins and the attack angles. The results of the calculations agree fairly well with experimental data,which shows that the viscous flow solution we present is useful in simulating the performance of propellers and rudders with additional fins.     

武汉地铁越江盾构隧道纵向不均匀变形及力学特性研究

地铁盾构隧道,尤其是大型跨江海的水下地铁盾构隧道,局部埋深通常要大于普通地铁盾构隧道,而且要承受较高的水压力作用;盾构隧道作为特长线性结构,其纵向刚度较小,对于外部荷载的变化较为敏感,由此产生的不均匀变形是隧道工程中不可忽视的问题。文章针对武汉地铁越长江盾构隧道工程,通过三维数值计算探讨了埋深变化、水压变化、地层变化及穿越刚性结构物等因素对越江盾构隧道纵向不均匀变形及受力状态的影响。