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The European Union has adopted a range of policies aiming at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from road transport, including setting binding targets for tailpipe CO2 emissions for new light-duty fleets. The legislative framework for implementing such targets allows taking into account the CO2 savings from innovative technologies that cannot be adequately quantified by the standard test cycle CO2 measurement. This paper presents a methodology to define the average productivity of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic roofs and to quantify the resulting CO2 benefits for conventional combustion engine-powered passenger cars in the European Union. The method relies on the analysis of a large dataset of vehicles activity data, i.e. urban driving patterns acquired with GPS systems, combined with an assessment of the shading effect from physical obstacles and indoor parking. The results show that on average the vehicle photovoltaic roof receives 58% of the available solar radiation in real-world conditions, making it possible to reduce CO2 emissions from passenger cars in a range from 1% to 3%, assuming a storage capacity of 20% of the 12 V battery dedicated to solar energy. This methodology can be applied to other vehicles types, such as light and heavy-duty, as well as to different powertrain configurations, such as hybrid and full electric. 相似文献
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太阳不断地向宇宙空间辐射出巨大的能量,人类完全可以将太阳能充分利用在汽车上,太阳能汽车的能源利用率可以达到95%。文章介绍了太阳能天窗和太阳能汽车的结构特点和节能原理,指出了轿车环保节能太阳能天窗以及太阳能在汽车上的应用前景,得出环保节能的理念必将推动太阳能在汽车上的应用日渐普及。 相似文献
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株六复线新响琴峡大桥温度效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
新响琴峡大桥是新建株六铁路复线上一座大跨度预应力混凝土桥。在交付运营约2年后,该桥出现了混凝土裂缝和表面剥落等病害。为了查明病害产生的原因,运用有限元软件ANSYS建立有限元仿真模型,对该桥的温度分布和温度应力进行分析。分析结果表明:最大横向日照温度梯度出现在冬天,沿腹板板厚的最大温差为17.5℃,此时箱梁内侧的最大横向温度拉应力为2.34 MPa。可见,由日照引起的横向温度应力是该桥出现病害的主要因素之一。因此,在道砟桥面混凝土铁路桥梁设计中,应对日照引起的横向温度梯度和温度应力予以重视。 相似文献
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光纤直放站在铁路长大隧道中的设计及应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对兰武二线乌鞘岭长大隧道的特点和用户需求,无线列调系统中采用光纤直放站技术有效地解决了无线弱场覆盖问题,保证了系统可靠稳定的运行. 相似文献
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太阳能光伏技术在高速公路中的应用探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章通过在郑州石人山高速公路监控系统设计中应用太阳能光伏技术的工程实例,介绍太阳能光伏发电的特点和太阳能光伏系统的计算方法,并对其成本及存在问题做简要的分析,探讨太阳能光伏技术在公路建设领域的应用前景。 相似文献