利用可控减速顶实现驼峰三部位减速器超速防护的探讨

本文分析了编组站驼峰自动控制系统中,三部位减速器超速这一典型但又比较棘手的技术难题,提出了基于编组站驼峰自动控制系统,在三部位减速器出口后利用可控减速顶对钩车超速进行自动防护的解决方案,并阐述了该方案的合理性及可行性。     

世界高速铁路发展的动向

简述世界高速铁路的现状,说明其技术优势及经济效益,最后指出高速铁路技术发展的动向:(1)站间距离;(2)高速道岔;(3)无碴轨道;(4)高速列车。     

On the fundamental diagram for freeway traffic: A novel calibration approach for single-regime models

The speed-density or flow-density relationship has been considered as the foundation of traffic flow theory. Existing single-regime models calibrated by the least square method (LSM) could not fit the empirical data consistently well both in light-traffic/free-flow conditions and congested/jam conditions. In this paper, first, we point out that the inaccuracy of single-regime models is not caused solely by their functional forms, but also by the sample selection bias. Second, we apply a weighted least square method (WLSM) that addresses the sample selection bias problem. The calibration results for six well-known single-regime models using the WLSM fit the empirical data reasonably well both in light-traffic/free-flow conditions and congested/jam conditions. Third, we conduct a theoretical investigation that reveals the deficiency associated with the LSM is because the expected value of speed (or a function of it) is nonlinear with regard to the density (or a function of it).     

Towards data-driven car-following models

Car following models have been studied with many diverse approaches for decades. Nowadays, technological advances have significantly improved our traffic data collection capabilities. Conventional car following models rely on mathematical formulas and are derived from traffic flow theory; a property that often makes them more restrictive. On the other hand, data-driven approaches are more flexible and allow the incorporation of additional information to the model; however, they may not provide as much insight into traffic flow theory as the traditional models. In this research, an innovative methodological framework based on a data-driven approach is proposed for the estimation of car-following models, suitable for incorporation into microscopic traffic simulation models. An existing technique, i.e. locally weighted regression (loess), is defined through an optimization problem and is employed in a novel way. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from a sequence of instrumented vehicles in Naples, Italy. Gipps’ model, one of the most extensively used car-following models, is calibrated against the same data and used as a reference benchmark. Optimization issues are raised in both cases. The obtained results suggest that data-driven car-following models could be a promising research direction.     

多重功能复合的市域快轨速度目标值研究——以成都市轨道交通13号线为例

成都市轨道交通13号线贯穿中心城区连接新机场同时又串联温江、简阳新城、空港新城等外围组团,全长接近100 km,是一条兼顾城区和市域功能的快线。以13号线为例从两方面的约束出发:一是选用较高速度目标值来节省全线旅行时间,二是不同的站间距对速度目标值的影响,在此基础上,以满足时间目标为目的,考虑对速度目标值选取影响的大小,选择站间距的匹配性、时间目标的适应性、车辆购置费、线网适应性、能耗、土建工程等方面进行比选,通过综合分析法、定性和定量相结合的研究方法,综合各方面的比选结果最终确定全线选用140 km/h的速度目标值,在城区范围内按100 km/h限速的方案。     

BRT速度影响因素分析及提高措施

本文分析了影响BRT速度的各个因素和计算方法,并提出提高BRT速度的改进措施,使在我国BRT规划实施前,全面掌握和了解影响速度的各个环节,以期能够在实际中顺利地达到快速的目的.     

浅析临时限速的设置方案

从列控中心、应答器、信号安全数据网等设备的配置,对客运专线高速场与普速场并场设置车站的临时限速设置方案进行分析。     

高速铁路牵引计算层次约束方法

为了实现高速铁路牵引计算过程的连续性和自动化,研究并提出层次约束方法.根据高速列车具有连续控制能力的技术特点,给出以限速约束为主线、辅以操纵约束的层次约束方法计算步骤.按照当前限速段的出口速度必须满足下一限速段限速、当前限速段的入口状态应是前一限速段的出口状态的要求,通过建立入口状态反馈机制实现限速约束,解决了牵引计算的连续性问题;通过标准操纵曲线的运用实现了操纵约束,解决了牵引计算结果的实施性问题.以京沪高速铁路牵引计算为例验证了层次约束方法的实用性.     

京沪高速铁路桥梁施工废弃泥浆处理试验研究

以京沪高速铁路1标段的桥梁施工废弃泥浆为研究对象,进行了聚丙烯酰胺絮凝沉淀试验。结果表明,采用直接固体加药进行絮凝沉淀是可行的;阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺混凝沉淀效果最好;加药量过大絮团松散,不利于压缩沉淀底泥的体积,添加合适的药量对于提高沉淀效果具有重要的意义;试验确定了聚丙烯酰胺的品种、不同密度泥浆的有效加药量和沉淀时间。