搭板罩面法处理水泥混凝土路面板底脱空的应力分析

将笔者曾提出的搭板罩面方法用于处理板底脱空问题,通过与直接罩面法对比,分析搭板罩面法处理旧水泥混凝土路面板底脱空的效果,有限元计算表明搭板罩面法能有效地改善裂缝顶的剪应力集中,文中还针对这种处治方法的薄弱点提出了相应的改善措施,计算结果表明该法理论上是可行的。     

混凝土桥面沥青铺装层受力敏感性分析

针对混凝土桥面沥青铺装层,进行铺装层沥青混凝土的受力分析,包括铺装层的粘结层结构状态、水平作用力、温度、超载的敏感性分析。同时为了明确对铺装层沥青混凝土的性能要求,把铺装层的受力状态与普通路面结构的受力状态进行对比分析,分析结果表明粘结层结构状态、水平作用力、温度及超载对铺装层受力状态有显著影响,桥面铺装受力情况比路面面层结构不利,因此应提高桥面铺装沥青混凝土的性能,尤其是沥青混凝土的抗疲劳性。     

半刚性基层与沥青层之间界面条件对结构性能的影响

利用弹性层状体系理论计算了在不同层间条件下的半刚性沥青路面沥青层中的剪应力、拉应力分布情况及路表弯沉值,分析了基层与沥青层之间由于层间界面条件变化引起的路面结构受力状态的变化。计算表明基层与面层保持连续的界面条件是十分重要的;过分致密不透水的半刚性基层有可能造成路面的早期损坏。     

汽车正面碰撞法规中乘员保护指标探讨

比较美国、欧洲等国和我国汽车正面碰撞法规中对乘员保护指标的规定,结合人体冲击损伤机理和耐受极限的相关研究,分析我国法规中头部伤害指标HPC的不合理之处。在分析实车碰撞试验数据和模拟计算的基础上,指出我国正面碰撞法规中乘员保护指标的不完备性,并探讨影响伤害指标结果的一些因素。     

圆柱分支管Y型三通相贯线的计算及应力集中区域

建立了圆柱分支管Y型三通的主管相贯线处的周长不变的条件 ,确定了相贯线为椭圆。给出了由已知主管相贯线处直径确定分支管直径和椭圆周长或反向求解的计算公式 ,讨论了精度。并用ANSYS程序计算确定了应力集中的区域。     

电站600 MW机组P91三通的设计制造

采用压力面积法对电站 6 0 0MW机组主蒸汽管道P91材质三通进行设计 ,应用有限元对设计模型进行验证 ,通过改进常规径向补偿热压工艺 ,成功制造出 6 0 0MW机组P91钢 90°热挤压三通。通过检验和试验 ,表明其可替代进口锻制 6 0 0MW机组P91钢 90°三通。     

胶焊,点焊和胶接接头应力分布的比较分析

采用三维弹塑性有限元数值分析方法，比较了分析了胶焊，点焊和胶接接头的应力分布情况，结果表明，胶焊接头与胶接接头的应力分布特征值基本相同，仅在焊点区内略有区别，胶焊接头中的胶粘剂有效地降低了点焊接头中焊点的应力，消除了其焊点过级处的应力集中，所得应力分布可合理解释已有强度试验结果。     

Fitness-for-purpose assessment of cracked offshore wind turbine monopile

In this paper, the procedure for flaw acceptability assessment is examined through a case study of a semi-elliptical surface crack in an offshore monopile as it grows till it forms a through thickness crack. Using the procedure prescribed in an industrial standard (BS 7910), the fracture ratio, K_r is shown to increase monotonically with increasing crack depth. The load ratio, L_r, is initially insensitive to the crack depth. However, there is a rapid increase in L_r when the crack depth to thickness ratio exceeds 80%. L_r values obtained from detailed 3D FE limit analysis using elastic-perfectly-plastic material behaviour do not exhibit the asymptotic behaviour predicted by BS 7910 as the flaw transitions from deep crack to through-thickness crack. Furthermore, K_r predicted by BS 7910 is shown to be an over-estimation for the typical dimensions of offshore monopiles. The findings suggest that a structure with a deep flaw may be identified as unacceptable based on BS 7910 when it may still possess a non-trivial amount of structural residual life. This is a concern for monopiles where crack growth as a large flaw forms a significant part of the total life.     

非收放式减摇鳍鳍轴校核算法研究

非收放式减摇鳍作为减摇鳍产品中非常重要的一个组成部分,而鳍轴也是其减摇力矩传力链中非常重要的一环,对于鳍轴综合应力的校核也就成了非收放式减摇鳍设计中的关键。通过比较考虑剪力的新算法以及仅做弯扭综合应力校核的2种算法,及它们在不同强度理论下的状态,综合讨论得出能使鳍轴应力值更加精确的算法。     

A design method of tensile triangles and low transformation temperature weld metal for reduction of stress concentration and residual stress of welded joints

Stress concentration and residual stress have a significant influence on fatigue life of welded joints. In order to reduce the stress concentration of welded joints, a mathematical design method of tensile triangles (MTT) based on bionics was applied to weld shape design. Accordingly, the stress concentration of various weld beads in the corner boxing welded joint and the fillet welded T-joint was dissected using our in-house FEM software JWRIAN. It was found that there existed a large stress concentration in the conventional welded joints, whereas those welded joints with elongated weld bead were accompanied by a lower stress concentration, especially for elongated weld bead with MTT design. Furthermore, among the weld shapes of the corner boxing fillet welded joint, the rectangle shape of weld bead had the minimum stress concentration factor (1.05). For the fillet welded T-joint with MTT design, the stress concentration of weld toe decreased dramatically with the increase of the index of designed shape, but there was a minor difference of stress concentration at weld root between the weld beads with MTT design. In addition, application of low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metal utilizing martensitic transformation to the fillet welded T-joints can produce compressive residual stress at weld toe.