永磁无刷直流电机霍尔位置传感器的安装

永磁无刷直流电机在各行各业的应用越来越广泛。在永磁无刷直流电机中,霍尔位置传感器经常用来测量电机的转子位置和转速。转子位置传感器的安装精度直接关系到永磁无刷直流电机的运行,因此如何安装传感器是非常重要的。本文结合作者多年从事无刷直流电机开发的经验,提出了简便易行的霍尔位置传感器安装方法。     

公路桥梁结构智能超载报警系统研究

结合工程实践．分析了常规桥梁结构检测与诊断技术存在的缺陷,提出了利用光纤传感技术时桥梁的承载能力进行监测的思路和研究方向。     

现代有轨电车轨道结构综述

通过对国内外的现代有轨电车轨道结构的研究与发展现状进行归纳、总结,对有轨电车轨道结构进行初步分类,并详细介绍几种国内外应用较多的现代有轨电车轨道结构的组成、特点及其应用情况,结合我国现有的技术特点,提出我国现代有轨电车轨道结构设计的一些建议。     

Alternative fuels for transportation

The alternatives to the oil based fuels for transportation are considered and analysed. These are the synthetic fuels, made from coal, the liquid petroleum gases of propane and butane, compressed natural gas and methanol. The problems associated with the use of electric vehicles are discussed; the main problem being that of range.

The possible use of hydrogen as a fuel is analysed in some detail. Since its supply can be tied directly to nuclear energy sources, rather than hydrocarbon feed stocks, it could be an alternative in the long term. The main problems of the storage of hydrogen on the vehicle and of its propensity to “back‐fire” into the engine intake are discussed. The first can be ameliorated and the second eliminated by dual fuelling; with petrol. It is advocated that the on‐board storage of hydrogen be by the use of hydrides for private cars. However, it is expected that it may be as liquid hydrogen for some forms of transport and will certainly be in this form for aircraft.     

Autonomous vehicle perception: The technology of today and tomorrow

Perception system design is a vital step in the development of an autonomous vehicle (AV). With the vast selection of available off-the-shelf schemes and seemingly endless options of sensor systems implemented in research and commercial vehicles, it can be difficult to identify the optimal system for one’s AV application. This article presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art AV perception technology available today. It provides up-to-date information about the advantages, disadvantages, limits, and ideal applications of specific AV sensors; the most prevalent sensors in current research and commercial AVs; autonomous features currently on the market; and localization and mapping methods currently implemented in AV research. This information is useful for newcomers to the AV field to gain a greater understanding of the current AV solution landscape and to guide experienced researchers towards research areas requiring further development. Furthermore, this paper highlights future research areas and draws conclusions about the most effective methods for AV perception and its effect on localization and mapping. Topics discussed in the Perception and Automotive Sensors section focus on the sensors themselves, whereas topics discussed in the Localization and Mapping section focus on how the vehicle perceives where it is on the road, providing context for the use of the automotive sensors. By improving on current state-of-the-art perception systems, AVs will become more robust, reliable, safe, and accessible, ultimately providing greater efficiency, mobility, and safety benefits to the public.     

桥区航标灯同步闪及监控管理系统设计

分析了老式桥区航标灯系统存在的问题.有针对性地提出了基于单片机(微控制器)、GPS技术、GIS技术及GSM通信技术的航标灯(浮标)远程实时监控系统方案.新增功能主要有:同步闪;灯船坐标位置、电池电压、光源组件的实时监测;闪光类型、周期等工作参数的远程设置.     

基于惯性基准的激光路面平整度检测系统研究

依据1/4车模型,分析了基于惯性基准的路面平整度检测方法,给出了采用激光测距仪和加速度传感器的输出信号获得待测路面纵断面相对高程的计算公式,实现了多路数据的同步采集与联合处理,介绍了对传感器输出信号的数据处理方法.通过与精密水准仪测量方法进行对比试验,结果表明基于惯性基准的检测方法在路面平整度检测中是可行的.     

LPG单燃料发动机稀薄燃烧控制策略研究

针对LPG单燃料发动机,基于旋转坐标系的独立气缸模型,提出了一种采用λ型氧传感器的稀薄燃烧控制策略,大大降低了线性氧传感器所带来的高昂成本,并实现了燃气喷射的逐缸控制。试验结果表明,该控制策略在满足系统动力要求的前提下,大大降低了燃气的消耗及废气的排放,具有良好的应用前景。     

影响塑料发泡颗粒轻质土强度的因素及其试验研究

利用室内试验方法,对水泥掺入量、塑料发泡颗粒体积含有量、养护龄期、养护环境等因素对塑料发泡颗粒轻质土强度发挥的影响进行了分析,得到了塑料发泡颗粒轻质土的强度发挥在各种不同因素影响下的变化规律。结果表明,轻质土的强度随轻质土中水泥含有量的提高及龄期的延长而增长,可以用指数函数描述轻质土强度与龄期、水泥含有量之间的相关关系;增大轻质土中塑料发泡颗粒体积比,引起轻质土的强度下降;水下环境对轻质土的强度发挥不利,为利于轻质土的强度发挥,在工程应用中应考虑采用有效的排水措施或尽量在水上部位使用。     

基于机器视觉的人眼定位算法研究

基于机器视觉的疲劳检测难点是人眼的准确、自动化的定位.针对目前基于红眼效应的人眼定位算法需要手工介入的问题,提出了一种改进算法,采用眼部区域的几何特征和对比度相结合的算法实现了自动化人眼定位,形成了一种基于红眼效应的实时、自动化定位人眼的快速算法.然后构建了一套使用850 nm红外光源的人眼定位系统,实现了快速准确的定位人眼.