硫酸盐侵蚀下自密实混凝土的性能分析

模拟水利与水运工程混凝土结构在硫酸盐介质侵蚀下的工作环境,通过试验研究了自密实混凝土抗压强度和耐磨性能。利用孔结构分析法从细观方面对硫酸盐侵蚀下自密实混凝土性能变化的内在机理进行分析,发现自密实混凝土内部的孔结构得到较大改善,这使得自密实混凝土在硫酸盐侵蚀状态下具有良好的耐久性能。     

Effects of denial of service attack in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks are often deployed in environments where the nodes of the networks are unattended and have little or no physical protection against tampering. The nodes of mobile ad hoc networks are thus susceptible to compromise. The networks are particularly vulnerable to denial of service (DoS) attacks launched through compromised nodes or intruders. In this paper, we investigated the effects of flooding attacks in network simulation 2 (NS-2) and measured the packet delivery ratio and packet delay under different flooding frequencies and different numbers of attack nodes. Simulation results show that with the increase the flooding frequencies and the numbers of attack nodes, network performance drops. But when the frequency of flooding attacks is greater than a value, the performance decrease gets smooth. Meanwhile the packet delay firstly increases and then declines to a value of stability at the end.     

基于攻击策略的城市轨道交通网络脆弱性研究

城市轨道交通网络脆弱性评估是当前网络研究中新的热点和难点。识别并量化网络脆弱性是应对城市轨道交通系统危机状况的关键性课题。根据北京地铁网络结构,结合城市轨道交通实际运营特点,构建了网络换乘模型。从线路与换乘通道重要度两个视角,采用不同攻击策略研究并量化了网络脆弱性。研究结果表明:采用网络有效性与网络连通度作为网络脆弱性的衡量指标,并把攻击前后的重要节点(边)网络特征值下降程度作为网络脆弱性衡量标准的评估方法简便易行,具有一定的理论与应用价值。     

冲角连续测量设备的开发及测量结果

摘要：利用紧凑型高性能传感器装置。可以连续测量运行车辆的冲角变化,利用该装置进行了试运行试验。试验结果证明,该装置能够检测和测量车辆通过曲线或道岔时的冲角性能,且可用于研究轮缘爬轨脱轨。     

基于案例统计的地铁恐怖袭击特征与防范对策分析

为进一步掌握针对城市地铁系统所进行的恐怖袭击的发生特征与规律,基于世界恐怖袭击事件数据库,对近40年以来世界各地发生的针对城市地铁进行的恐怖袭击事件进行收集整理与统计,并在此基础上对收集到的地铁恐怖袭击事件中的死亡人数、恐怖袭击事件的地域分布、事件发生频繁程度随时间的变化及恐怖分子所采用的袭击方式进行特征及规律的分析。结果显示,地铁恐怖袭击致死率较高,对公众安全有极大影响;包括俄罗斯在内的欧洲是地铁恐怖袭击事件发生较为频繁的地区;2001—2005年为全球地铁恐怖袭击高发期,从2011年开始再次出现增多趋势,全球地铁反恐面临严峻形势;地铁恐怖袭击中引爆爆炸装置为最常见的袭击方式,其次为使用毒气。此外,对国内外部分城市地铁在运营管理中所采取的恐怖袭击防范对策与安全保障措施进行总结分析,并针对地铁如何进行反恐安全管理提出建议。     

基于攻击层次的重放攻击分类

从密码协议消息块、块间、步间和协议间4个攻击层次，提出了基于攻击层次的重放攻击分类．这种分类方法不仅包含了Syverson的分类，还将重放攻击扩展到了协议层次．给出了各层次可行的重放攻击实施的方式．根据此分类可以从块、块间、步间和协议间4个层次，快速地检查并发现安全协议中是否存在重放攻击．     

风洞模型激光攻角测量

给出一种用于风洞飞机模型攻角测量的方法.采用对称双光束交叠照射角传感器,风洞实验测角范围由40°增加到76°;利用电子处理器计数干涉条纹,测角精度可达0.005°.     

具有可追查性的抗合谋攻击(t,n)门限签名方案

在分析王斌和李建华的无可信中心门限签名方案(王-李方案)以及X ie-Yu改进方案安全缺陷的基础上,提出了一种新的具有可追查性的抗合谋攻击(t,n)门限签名方案;对新方案的安全性进行了分析,并与现有方案的效率进行了比较.结果表明:该方案不仅能够从根本上抵抗合谋攻击和伪造签名攻击,而且在保证匿名性的前提下,能够真正实现签名成员身份的可追查性,同时通过构造安全的分布式密钥生成协议保证群私钥的不可知性,因此比现有方案具有更高的安全性.此外,新方案的计算量和通信量与王-李方案接近,但优于X ie-Yu方案.     

Estimation of wheel–rail friction for vehicle certification

In certification of new rail vehicles with respect to running characteristics, a wide variety of operating conditions needs to be considered. However, in associated test runs the wheel–rail friction condition is difficult to handle because the friction coefficient needs to be fairly high and the friction is also generally hard to assess. This is an issue that has been studied in the European project DynoTRAIN and part of the results is presented in this paper. More specifically, an algorithm for estimating the wheel–rail friction coefficient at vehicle certification tests is proposed. Owing to lack of some measurement results, the algorithm here is evaluated in a simulation environment which is also an important step towards practical implementation. A quality measure of the friction estimate is suggested in terms of estimated wheel–rail spin and total creep. It is concluded that, tentatively, the total creep should exceed 0.006 and the spin should be less than 1.0 m^?1 for the algorithm to give a good friction estimate. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to imitate measurement errors, but should be expanded in further work.     

A three-stage evacuation decision-making and behavior model for the onset of an attack

Pedestrian behavior models have successfully reproduced human movement in many situations. However, few studies focus on modeling human behavior in the context of terrorist attacks. Terrorist attacks commonly occur in crowded public areas and result in a large number of casualties. This paper proposes a three-stage model to reproduce a series of complex behaviors and decision-making processes at the onset of an attack, when pedestrians generally do not have clear targets and have to deal with fuzzy information from the attack. The first stage of the model builds a Bayesian belief network to represent the pedestrians’ initial judgment of the threat and their evacuation decisions. The second stage focuses on pedestrians’ global assessment of the situation through an analogy with diffusion processes. The third stage uses a cost function to reproduce the trade-offs of distance, safety, and emotional impact when considering a path to take. The model is validated using a video from the November 2015 Paris attack. The behavioral characteristics and trajectories of three pedestrians extracted from the video are reproduced by the simulation results based on the model. The research can be used to set rules when performing risk analysis and strategic defensive resource allocation of terrorist attacks using agent-based simulation methods.