双向应力场中表面裂纹应力强度因子的权函数法

半椭圆表面裂纹是船舶等焊接结构中常见的损伤形式,计算裂纹尖端应力强度因子是结构损伤容限设计的前提,权函数法是求解复杂应力场中应力强度因子的有效手段之一。本文基于一种集中力载荷权函数统一形式,通过三维有限元建模计算了裂纹半长比a/c=0.05~1.0、裂纹深度比a/T=0.01~0.8的表面裂纹应力强度因子,并将其作为参考解,得到一组形状适用范围更广的有限厚度平板表面裂纹最深点和表面点的二维权函数。权函数的准确性通过在裂纹面上施加最高六阶的双向变化应力载荷进行验证,权函数法结果与有限元法相比求解误差在10%以内。文中所提出的权函数为复杂焊接结构表面裂纹扩展分析奠定了基础。     

基于Hausdorff距离的雷达图像与电子海图实时匹配算法

针对已抽取海岸边缘特征并二值化的电子海图和已提取海岸边缘特征并缩放至海图比例的实时雷达图像进行匹配。匹配时,先提取待匹配曲线的特征点构成特征段,然后用特征段之间曲率的H ausdorff距离来度量分段轮廓之间的相似性,获得匹配结果。该算法充分利用轮廓线的几何特征信息,既保证了较好的匹配精度,又能显著提高算法速度,实现雷达的实时匹配定位。     

A two-step outlier removal procedure for surface reconstruction

Outliers in point clouds affect the performance of surface reconstruction directly. Most of outlier removal methods just remove those outliers far away from the real surface and are only applied to handle watertight surface. In this paper, a two-step outlier removal procedure is proposed to filter the point clouds acquired from the gray code and line-shifting technique. The first step is to remove the outliers far away from the real surface. Some feature points are extracted from the point clouds to construct an initial surface. The points with distances to the initial surface greater than a given threshold are removed as distant outliers. The retained points are linked into lines in each structured light sheet using their Voronoi diagrams. Some of lines which are very close to the real surface are removed as near outliers in the second step. The experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective in removing outliers for surface reconstruction. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30470488)     

混凝土构件新型吊点施工方法

将电缆沟盖板等小型混凝土构件的吊点形式由拉环改为螺栓连接。此方法在混凝土构件制作过程中预埋螺母,并采用特制的螺栓吊具进行搬运、安装。对比原有拉环式吊点形式,在提高混凝土构件表观质量、避免由拉环生锈引起的混凝土构件返锈等方面有突出表现。同时为混凝土构件吊点形式的选用提供了一种全新的思路。     

大型油船（VLCC）系离海上单点（SPM）操纵的体会

操纵大型油船系离海上单点在中国引航史上还处于起步阶段，作者就首次参与大型油船系离海上单点浮筒的实践，总结了如何确保操纵安全的经验。     

二维装箱问题的遗传算法求解

通过分析人工排列的思考过程和实际经验,提出一种解决二维规则物体排列问题的算法.通过计算可放置点和可放置空间,高效解决物块的排列问题.应用遗传算法,求得最优的排列方案.实际应用证明了该算法的有效性.     

深海吸力式锚桩极限承载力研究

研究目的:深海吸力式基础的极限承载能力是海洋工程结构设计中的一个关键问题。准确求解吸力锚桩的极限承载力,能够为深海海洋结构物的稳定性提供技术保障;同时,研究深海吸力锚桩极限平衡条件下的失稳机理,可以为进一步深入研究极限承载力奠定理论基础。研究结论:结果表明,本文给出的位移加载模式,能够较为准确地求解水平载荷与竖向载荷共同作用情况下吸力式基础的极限承载力;吸力式锚桩的极限承载力及其稳定性,受水平载荷和竖向载荷的比值以及作用点的位置影响较大。本文工作为工程实际和理论分析提供了技术支持和理论指导。     

CBTC系统基于站台局域无线覆盖的后备控制等级功能扩展

讨论目前CBTC系统中不同等级后备模式的工作原理及存在的功能缺陷,提出了一种在现有系统上增加站台区域车-地双向无线通信覆盖以实现站区紧急停车防护和站台屏蔽门控制的技术解决方案。     

A capacity restraint transit assignment with elastic line frequency

This paper proposes a new formulation for the capacity restraint transit assignment problem with elastic line frequency, in which the line frequency is related to the passenger flows on transit lines. A stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment model with congestion and elastic line frequency is proposed and the equivalent mathematical programming problem is also formulated. Since the passenger waiting time and the line capacity are dependent on the line frequency, a fixed point problem with respect to the line frequency is devised accordingly. The existence of the fixed point problem has been proved. A solution algorithm for the proposed model is presented. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed model and solution algorithm.     

钢桁梁受损节点加固后力学性能分析

以某钢桁梁桥为工程背景,详细介绍了受损节点加固后力学性能分析的方法和结果。首先按照规范验算撕破强度,然后根据实桥荷载试验结果,建立并修正ANSYS三维实体有限元分析模型。对在各种机车类型,尤其是D型机车作用下的节点板受力状况进行了详细分析,根据各种工况下的分析结果,制定该桥当前通行条件。