BIM技术在航道建设中的作用

航道工程具有施工工期长、施工影响因素多等特点。在航道工程的设计、施工、维护的各个阶段,随着对精细化管理的需求日趋提高,传统的实施方法已不能满足工程的强度与精度要求。从航道工程和BIM的特性入手,探讨了BIM技术在航道工程设计、施工、维护等各阶段的应用。在保证设计合理性的前提下,可通过BIM模型完成设计意图的表达与传递,从而保证航道工程的施工质量,以及后续维护阶段航道整治建筑物安全、稳定地发挥其作用。     

Coordinated multi-aircraft 4D trajectories planning considering buffer safety distance and fuel consumption optimization via pure-strategy game

In this paper, we consider a coordinated multi-aircraft 4D (3D space plus time) trajectories planning problem which is illustrated by planning 4D trajectories for aircraft traversing an Air Traffic Control (ATC) sector. The planned 4D trajectories need to specify each aircraft’s position at any time, ensuring conflict-free and reducing fuel and delay costs, with possible aircraft maneuvers such as speed adjustment and flight level change. Different from most existing literature, the impact of buffer safety distance is also under consideration, and conflict-free is guaranteed at any given time (not only at discrete time instances). The problem is formulated as a pure-strategy game with aircraft as players and all possible 4D trajectories as strategies. An efficient maximum improvement distributed algorithm is developed to find equilibrium at which every aircraft cannot unilaterally improve further, without enumerating all possible 4D trajectories in advance. Proof of existence of the equilibrium and convergence of the algorithm are given. A case study based on real air traffic data shows that the algorithm is able to solve 4D trajectories for online application with estimated 16.7% reduction in monetary costs, and allocate abundant buffer safety distance at minimum separation point. Scalability of the algorithm is verified by computational experiments.     

FLAC^3D在高速公路高边坡稳定性分析中的应用

在山西省某高速公路项目中,进行路基高边坡稳定性分析时,除采用极限平衡法分析外,还采用了数值模拟技术进行分析,在该项目中运用了岩土工程领域知名度很高的有限差分软件FLAC^3D。通过FLAC3D软件建立模型并运用自定义强度折减法对模型进行分析计算,得出高边坡的安全系数以及应力、应变、位移、速度等相关云图及矢量图,从而对高边坡的稳定性进行有效分析,综合判断。     

减隔震曲线折梁桥地震反应分析

随着对路线线形、造型美观及公路运营技术等要求不断提高,曲线折梁桥的应用越来越广泛。由于曲线折梁桥空间结构的不规则性,受力较复杂,在地震作用下易遭受破坏,通常采用减隔震措施对其进行减震控制。现以两座不同曲率半径的曲线折梁桥为例进行减隔震设计研究,基于建立的非线性动力分析模型进行自振特性分析,并通过输入三维地震动作用进行时程分析。研究表明:曲线折梁桥的振动模态具有平扭耦合振动的特点,且曲率半径越小平扭耦合振动越显著;当曲线折梁桥曲率半径较小时,采用双向隔震设计能够很好地控制其地震反应,而曲线折梁桥曲率半径较大时,其地震反应更接近于直梁桥。     

基于灰度形态学的图像预处理及其三维重构研究

对三维表面重构所用图片的预处理、三维重构Marching Cubes算法及其算法的具体编程实现进行了详细地讨论和验证,其相关技术在工程软件设计中获得了预计的结果.     

深基坑开挖与锚杆支护FLAC3D数值模拟分析

运用FLAC3D软件对某市影视城及商办综合楼深基坑进行了开挖与支护的模拟.计算中采用摩尔-库伦弹塑性模型.通过计算得出深基坑的竖直位移、土体水平位移、锚杆的内力、土体应力应变分布,并与实测值进行了比较,最后采用强度折减法对基坑开挖和支护的稳定性进行了评价.可为工程设计与施工提供参考.     

竞品分析在汽车整车开发中的应用

文章针对竞品分析在汽车整车开发过程中的应用进行了阐述,全面覆盖了整车开发的持续性市场研究阶段、战略输入及项目可行性分析阶段、产品概念设计阶段、工程设计阶段与设计验证阶段这五个阶段。每个阶段都详细地描述了整车开发项目亟须解决的问题以及竞品分析的实施内容,通过对每个阶段开展竞品的研究和对比分析,以此确保开发出的新车型具有市场竞争力,符合消费者的需求与技术发展趋势。此外,整车开发过程中的竞品分析还能够极大地减少研发投入、缩短研发周期并提高研发水平,这将是各大车企快速提升整车研发水平的重要途径。     

向家坡立交40mT型梁横移施工工艺

文中结合向家坡立交主线桥的实际情况,就T型梁横移工艺在建设中的实际应用做了深入的总结,详细阐述了该技术的具体施工方法、施工流程和施工工艺。     

Cross-shelf circulation and phytoplankton distribution at the summertime New England shelfbreak front

We investigate aspects of the secondary (cross-shelf) circulation at the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak front using high-resolution data collected on the New England Shelf in August 2002. The alongshore shelfbreak jet coincides with the front at the seaward edge of the cold pool (remnant winter shelf water) and there is a suggestion of a cross-stream convergence centered at the jet core. Despite indications of convergence we found no evidence of a surface subduction on the seaward side of the front. At depth 70 m near the shelfbreak there was a patch of chlorophyll, located within a local temperature–salinity maximum which, though significantly below the euphotic zone, appeared to be photo-acclimated and viable. The chlorophyll feature could be the result of a local subduction by a larger scale eddy circulation seaward of the front.Dye tracer experiments directly observed the convergence at the foot of the shelfbreak front and subsequent upwelling of bottom boundary layer water along the shoreward side of the shelfbreak front. But, we found no evidence that this upwelling influenced productivity at the front. Further, since there was no cross-shelf maximum in subsurface chlorophyll at the front, we conclude that this productivity is in general, sustained by a broadly distributed local vertical nutrient flux from an underlying nutrient reservoir.     

Large eddy simulations for quasi-2D turbulence in shallow flows: A comparison between different subgrid scale models

In this study, the performance of the horizontal large eddy simulation module, developed at the University of Leuven (HLES-KULeuven module) is assessed. A comparison between different subgrid scale models has been carried out. The study is concerned with the non-rotating and unstratified flows. The results of the simulation for an oscillatory backward facing (BFS) flow are presented in case of an expanding flume based on a one-length scale approach and a two-length scale approach. Three subgrid scale (SGS) models have been tested: Smagorinsky SGS model (Smagorinsky, J., (1963). General circulation experiments with the primitive equations, I. the basic experiments. Monthly Weather Review, 91(3), 99–164), Uittenbogaard SGS model (Uittenbogaard, R.E., and van Vossen, B., (2004). Subgrid-scale model for quasi-2D turbulence in shallow water. Shallow Flows. Jirka and Uijttewaal (Eds.), Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 90 5809 700 5) and a proposed two-length scale approach. The first two models are considered to be a one-length scale models. A simulation without a subgrid scale model for the horizontal mixing has also been conducted. In all simulations, a quadratic friction model parameterizes the dissipation produced by the 3D-subdepth scale turbulence. The two-length scale concept uses a newly mixing length formulation for the quasi-2D turbulence and doesn't depend on the filter width in contrast to the one-length scale approach, in which the mixing length is function of the filter width. The outputs of the HLES-KULeuven module have been compared with the experimental data taken from Stelling, G.S., and Wang, L.X., (1984). Experiments and computations on separating flow in an expanding flume. Dept. Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Report 2–84.). The two-length scale approach has been validated with experimental data from SERC Flood Channel Facility at HR Wallingford. In general, there is a qualitative agreement with the experimental data. It has also been found that the two-length scale approach produces more elongated and less isotropic vortex than the one-length scale models.