The methodology of multiple criteria decision making/aiding in public transportation

The paper presents methodological overview of the application of Multiple Criteria Decision Making/Aiding (MCDM/A) in public transportation. It explains why MCDM/A methodology is so important while dealing with different categories of decision problems that arise in mass transit systems. Major features and basic notions of MCDM/A methodology are presented. Different categories of MCDM/A methods are characterized and classified. Two case studies demonstrate possible applications of MCDM/A methodology in public transportation. In the first case study multiple objective evaluation of the mass transit system developments' scenarios is carried out. Four variants of the mass transit system are evaluated by a consistent family of criteria with an application of ELECTRE III method. The second case study refers to optimization of the crew size in the mass transit system operated by a public transportation company (PTC). Multiple objective mathematical programing problem is formulated and solved by a combination of an original, customized heuristic procedure implemented in a computer software PEOPLE and the Light Beam Search (LBS) method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三江至柳州高速洞诺融江大桥桥型方案设计

洞诺融江大桥是广西三江至柳州高速公路的重要工程之一。文章通过对洞诺融江大桥的桥型进行多方案设计,对预应力混凝土连续刚构桥和独塔双索面预应力混凝土矮塔斜拉桥这两个桥型方案进行综合比较,最后采用了施工工艺成熟、造价低及后期养护简单、费用较少的主桥70＋125＋70m预应力混凝土连续刚构方案。     

基于ISO362—1:2007对M1类车的试验研究

依据ISO 362—1:2007标准中关于M1类车的规定,对该类车辆进行了车外噪声测试试验,并根据测试结果讨论了该标准中几个不明确的地方。指出,对于配备既能锁挡也能不锁挡变速器的M1类车,应选用加速度接近参考加速度的挡位进行测试;对于配备能锁挡变速器的M1类车,无论选择1个挡位还是2个挡位进行测试,最后的结果都是一致的;对于M1类混合动力车辆,车辆的额定功率由电机和发动机的有效功率之和决定;对于M1类和M2类跨类车,M1类车的噪声测试结果比M2类车要大。     

球墨铸铁轴类件用音频检测仪的研制

在对机械振动和内耗理论进行分析的基础上，设计并研制出球墨铸铁音频检测仪。利用所研制的仪器可同时测出球铁铸件在脉冲激振条件下的两个音频参数－共振频率及内耗值，进而预测出球铁的石墨状况、基体组织类型。经生产现场试用表明，该仪器的复现性好，实测相对误差≤１．０％；采样时间〈５００μｓ。     

用RT—PCR扩增人谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的cDNA

本文应用反转录-聚合酶链反应成功的扩增了人谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的互补脱氧核糖核酸(cDNA)。该法首先从人肝癌细胞中提取信使核糖核酸,在反转录酶的作用下生成cDNA,以此CDNA作为PCR的模板,利用人工合成的两个特异引物,进行35次循环的扩增。电泳结果表明,扩增片段的大小约为600 bp,与文献结果一致,为该酶基因的表达及生产奠定了基础。     

安全车距保持技术硬件在环仿真试验系统

自行开发的安全车距保持技术硬件在环仿真试验系统主要由制动执行器、油门执行器、车辆模型和控制算法等组成.该仿真器可用于车辆主动避撞报警系统、自适应巡航控制系统及具有Stop&Go功能的巡航系统的仿真试验,可检验控制器及执行器的性能、设计控制算法等,从而缩短研发周期,节约开发成本.     

逆向工程中车身A级曲面的评价方法

阐述了汽车车身A级曲面的品质要求。根据曲线几何连续性条件,提出可采用控制顶点、曲率梳、斑马线和高斯曲率等方法对车身A级曲面的内部品质和曲面拼接连续性精度进行评价,并给出了一个综合评价体系。该评价体系可很好地评价曲面的总体质量,并能发现曲面存在的问题。     

轮胎噪音的噪音特性研究

为了从路面与车轮接触方面研究如何降低交通噪音,文章从声学基础概念入手,结合人耳听觉特性,从现场测量和实验室测量两方面对轮胎噪音的声学特性进行了分析,最后得出低噪音路面设计中几个重要指标的建议取值。     

火灾爆炸作用下921A钢力学性能及本构关系

采用万能试验机和霍普金森压杆(SHPB)系统,对火灾爆炸下921A钢高温力学性能及动态力学性能进行研究。基于试验数据,分别拟合Johnson-Cook本构模型、Cowper-Symonds本构模型,修正Cowper-Symonds模型应变硬化项,并通过试验验证了有效性。参考Johnson-Cook本构模型温度项耦合方法,建立综合考虑温度软化效应和应变率强化效应的921A钢本构模型。     

Hybrid three-dimensional mesh generation from quad-dominant surface meshes

A hybrid mesh generation algorithm using a modified plastering method for three-dimensional objects with variable thickness is presented. The method starts with a quad-dominant surface mesh and generates layered elements with variable thickness by using adaptive offsetting, resulting in hex-tet dominant mesh generation. Hexahedral and prismatic meshes are generated by the inward offsetting of the initial boundary mesh. In order to generate a conforming mesh, pyramid elements are constructed on top of hexahedral elements, and tetrahedral elements are generated for the remaining domain by using an advancing front method. This method is applied to several different geometries, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated.