大型船舶T型材焊接工艺试验及工艺再造

焊接是船体装配中的重要环节,是船体质量好坏的决定性因素。因此,对焊接进行工艺试验是必要的。针对在实际生产过程中,船舶T型材坡口宽度不一致,通常是上宽下窄的情况,选取不同间隙的坡口进行工艺试验,并对获得的参数进行数学建模,推算出具有普遍适用性的焊接参数。     

试验循环工况下混合动力车用镍氢电池组温度场研究

在镍氢电池生热理论的基础上,根据混合动力汽车试验循环工况获得的充放电电流计算得到电池的生热功率,建立了电池组散热系统的散热模型。应用计算流体力学方法对电池组的温度场进行了数值模拟仿真分析,并进行了混合动力汽车试验循环工况下镍氢电池组的温度场试验。结果表明,模拟值与试验值吻合;电池组具有良好的散热效果,可满足混合动力汽车在生热、散热方面对镍氢电池的使用要求。     

盾构过上浮基岩、孤石预处理对策

以深圳地铁5号线宝翻盾构区间为例,介绍盾构机顺利通过孤石和基岩区的预处理对策。根据设计地质资料,从盾构施工前加密地质补勘入手,摸清对盾构机掘进存在风险的孤石、上浮基岩等详细参数,然后根据盾构的性能及以往类似地质的经验教训,在本区间依次采取调线调坡绕过、加固处理后通过、控制盾构机参数直接通过等方法,盾构掘进过程中没有发生一起非计划停机,有效保证了工期,在5号线全线施工中起到了示范作用。     

坡度和曲线线路对弓网受流性能影响规律研究

在高速列车关键力学问题的研究中,坡度和曲线线路对弓网受流性能的影响不可忽视,为此,采用有限元技术和多体动力学理论,搭建了全空间范围内的车弓网动力学仿真模型,对定坡度、竖曲线和平曲线区段的弓网受流性能进行了研究。研究结果表明:接触线在坡度变化率为零时,线路对弓网动态响应影响并不明显;坡度变化率为正时,线路会使弓网机械磨耗降低,受流稳定性也会降低,但弓网电气损耗增加;而坡度变化率为负时影响正好相反;平曲线和竖曲线半径越小,弓网受流稳定性越差,仿真时不可忽略,且应在平曲线和竖曲线区段的线路设计、施工、区间限速中加以考虑。     

Impact of road gradient on energy consumption of electric vehicles

We investigate the impact of road gradient on the electricity consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) by combining long-term GPS tracking data with digital elevation map (DEM) data for roads in Aichi prefecture, Japan. Eight regression models are constructed and analysed to compare the differences between linear and logarithmic forms of trip energy consumption, differences between considering the road gradient or not, and differences between considering the fixed effects of EVs or not. By categorizing gradients and assigning a percentage of the trip distance to each category, a significantly better model of electricity consumption can be achieved. The results of this study are a novel contribution toward understanding the challenges and benefits associated with downgrade braking on energy regeneration.     

Fuel economy of hybrid-electric versus conventional gasoline vehicles in real-world conditions: A case study of cold cities in Quebec,Canada

This paper investigates the fuel efficiency of commercial hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and compares their performance with respect to standard gasoline vehicles in the context of cold Canadian urban environments. The effect of different factors on fuel efficiency is studied including road driving conditions (link type, city size), temperature, speed, cold-starts and eco-driving training. For this study, fuel consumption data at the link level in real-world conditions was used from a sample of 74 instrumented vehicles. From the study fleet, 21 vehicles were HEVs. Among other results, the beneficial fuel efficiency merits of hybrid vehicles were demonstrated with respect to gasoline cars, in particular at low speeds and in urban (city) environments. After controlling for other factors, sedan HEVs were 28% more efficient than sedan gasoline vehicles. However, the low temperatures (below 0 °C) observed regularly during winter season in the study cities were identified as a detrimental factor to fuel economy. In winter, the fuel efficiency of HEVs decrease about 20% with respect to summer. Other factors such as eco-driving training, city size, cold start and vehicle type were also found to be statistically significant.     

高速动车组辅助变流器箱体的热仿真设计方法

基于热传递基本原理的高速动车组辅助变流器箱体热仿真设计流程主要包括建立几何模型、设置仿真初始条件、网格划分及稳态求解计算3个环节.根据辅助变流器的基本技术参数,并结合模拟及混合信号仿真软件Saber对辅助变流器主电路的仿真结果,给出辅助变流器中变压器、电抗器和绝缘栅双极型晶体管等主要发热器件功率损耗的计算公式.以某高速动车组辅助变流器为例,采用计算流体力学软件Flotherm,按照辅助变流器箱体热仿真设计流程,得到额定工况下辅助变流器箱体的温度场和流场分布结果,并制成辅助变流器样机.对比变压器线包和铁芯及功率模块散热片样机实测结果与仿真结果,验证了辅助变流器箱体热仿真设计方法的可行性.     

轿车空调车室内温度场分布特性的经验公式

针对轿车空调车室内的温度场分布特性，在理论分析并结合实验测量和数值模拟的基础上，提出简捷而较可靠的动态经验公式。该经验公式考虑环境温度，太阳辐射，空调送风参数和人体等诸多影响因素后，可以计算在任意时刻下的轿车空调车室内的任意空间点处的温度值。     

模糊控制在沥青混凝土搅拌设备料温控制中的应用

介绍沥青搅拌设备料温模糊控制系统的基本组成和初步的设计分析,给出控制器中4个主要工作参数的选取原则。     

汽车烤漆房温度的8098单片机控制系统

汽车烤漆房是维修汽车的重要设备，燃油式汽车烤漆房内的温度是由微机控制系统来控制的。该系统由８０９８单片机，２７６４／６２６４存贮器，８２７９键盘／显示器，传感放大器，固态继电器，继电检测与保护，声光报警，自动与手动转换等部分组成，该系统结构合理，控制精度高，操作方便，抗干扰能力强。