深水半潜平台波浪载荷模型试验研究

波浪载荷作为海洋平台在生命期内最重要的载荷形式,正确评估海洋平台的波浪载荷对结构的安全性具有重要意义.本文对一座深水半潜平台的波浪载荷进行模型试验和数值计算验证研究,模型缩尺比为1:40.采用三维势流理论对半潜平台的波浪载荷进行数值仿真验证计算.验证结果表明本次模型试验方法较好地模拟了半潜式平台所承受的波浪载荷,其研究成果,可为半潜平台的设计提供支持.     

Highway Tunnel Blasting Vibrations and Cracking of Adjacent Residential Houses北大核心CSCD

A systematic analysis and discussion of the causes of house cracking are conducted by testing the blast vibration velocity of typical neighboring houses, analyzing the types of house cracking, monitoring the characteris-tics of house cracks and calculating the temperature stress at the roof and wall based on an assessment of highway tunnel blasting vibrations leading to cracking of neighboring houses. The results show that the main cause of house cracking adjacent to the tunnel is temperature stress, not blasting vibration. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

浸水条件下前期荷载对砂岩颗粒料压缩-回弹特性影响

压缩-回弹特性是地基处理及基坑工程中沉降及回填变形分析的重要参考依据。由于砂岩颗粒料属颗粒类材料,浸水时前期荷载及干密度影响其压缩-回弹特性;采用应力控制式三联杠杆(高压)固结仪,探究浸水24 h后前期荷载及干密度对砂岩颗粒料压缩-回弹特性影响。结果表明:干密度相同时,随着前期荷载增加,砂岩颗粒料压缩特性逐渐减小;在相同卸荷比条件下,回弹率逐渐降低;前期荷载相同时,砂岩颗粒料压缩特性与回弹特性均随干密度增大而逐渐减小;砂岩颗粒料塑性应变随前期荷载增加、干密度增大而逐渐减小。     

Temperature Measurements and Tail Brush Replacement using Frozen Liquid Nitrogen for the Nanjing Weisanlu Tunnel北大核心CSCD

A scheme for stopping water by freezing liquid nitrogen and replacing the tail brush is presented in light of the situation encountered at the Nanjing Weisanlu river-crossing tunnel, a long-distance shield driving tunnel characterized by serious water leakage, sand gushing and water inflow at the shield tail brush. The law of the tempera-ture change of the master outlet circuits and each branch circuit when using liquid nitrogen freezing to stop water un-der high water pressures and the temperature change law for the soil body at different depths are analyzed. The re-sults show that: the temperature difference of the liquid nitrogen is large at the inlet and outlet of the freezing pipe,and it reaches around 35℃ after 6 days; the temperature drops fastest in the pebble layer, and the second fastest in the gravel sand layer, with the temperature cooling slowest in the silty fine sand layer; the average velocities at the frontal surface of the frozen soil in the pebble layer, gravel sand layer and silty fine sand layer are 15.5 cm/d, 12.5 cm/d and 8.3 cm/d, respectively, within the range 600 mm away from the frozen pipe; and affected by heat and air convection in the tunnel, the temperature at the junction of the segment and soil is higher than that in the soil layer.A complete frozen wall takes shape after 13 days of liquid nitrogen freezing, and tail brush replacement takes 22 days from freezing. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Heat Release Rate and Temperature Field of a Bus on Fire北大核心CSCD

Bus fires are a common source of fires that occur in tunnels and are a huge threat to the safety of the tunnel structure and related personnel. An elaborate numerical simulation model of a bus is established considering the different combustion characteristics of the bus body, seats, decorations and baggage. For fires occuring at the bus head, middle part or back seat, the temperature field, heat release rate (HRR) and characteristics of the fire are ana-lyzed. The HRR calculation formula is obtained by superimposing a Boltzmann curve on a Gaussian curve. The re-sults show the peak and average values of a bus HRR are 48 MW and 8.1 MW, respectively, and the released energy due to combustion is 14.5 GJ; the maximum burning temperature reaches 1 040℃ and the temperature near the door can reach 60℃ after 120 sec. The temperature rises fastest at the bus door when the fire occurs at the rear of the bus and it has a high chance of detonating the fuel tank. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

波浪作用下双排圆筒结构受力特性

依托阿尔及利亚矿石码头项目,提出一种新型的双排圆筒结构,采用Abaqus有限元分析软件对其波峰作用下的结构拟静力非线性响应进行数值分析。对于两排圆筒间采用简支板连接及采用混凝土厚板连接的两种方案,后者更可以保持变形的协调性,基顶应力的最大值也更小,且连接板的强度要求不难满足,但其造价较高。简支板方案中,对于连接板缝里填充柔性材料与不填充柔性材料两种情况,前者的填料土压呈现上大下小的线性分布,后者则相反,且连接板传递的荷载会占较大的比例,基顶应力也更大。     

FPSO的UPS系统及其蓄电池的设计

基于FPSO项目,讨论UPS系统及其蓄电池的设计应用.针对UPS电源系统的必要性、UPS系统的结构、UPS的设计与选择、蓄电池的设计与选择及其布置原则,通过对相应规范的剖析及实船数据的验证,总结出FPSO上UPS系统的一套设计选型方法.对新建和改装FPSO项目的UPS系统设计具有一定的指导作用.     

贝克曼梁测试路基表面弯沉修正研究

用贝克曼梁法测试路基表面弯沉在公路工程中得到广泛应用,测试中由于受车型多样化、贝克曼梁弯沉仪支点和百分表支架位置以及计算理论与实际不符等影响,测得的弯沉值需要进行修正。针对以上3个方面,本文分析了非标准轴载的弯沉换算、弯沉仪支点变形和百分表支架变形对弯沉测试结果的影响、支点和支架变形对弯沉测试结果的影响。根据弹性半空间理论,建立了不同轴载作用下的弯沉换算公式;通过理论分析和验证计算,提出了实测弯沉值的修正系数。     

类反应谱法理论研究

针对楼面设备谐波荷载作用下建筑结构的动力响应问题,提出了类似反应谱的求解方法,并结合工程实例,与现有的动力系数法和弹性时程法计算结果进行对比分析.结果表明,动力系数法不能合理估计结构的动力响应,且不能对振动舒适性进行评估;类反应谱法计算结果与弹性时程法响应最大包络值分布规律基本一致,且能经济包络其值.说明了类反应谱法的合理、安全和经济性,可为类似工程设计提供依据.     

现行铁路中-活载条件下开展八三墩应用技术研究的必要性

从相关设计规范修订及最新版的《铁路桥涵设计基本规范》对铁路活载的有关规定着手,提出八三墩能否在现行铁路中-活载条件下正常使用的问题,结合铁路活载提高所引起的八三墩梁跨结构相关参数改变情况,说明为确保安全应对相关参数进行检算,并提供了算例。