Efficient Accurate Context-Sensitive Anomaly Detection

For program behavior-based anomaly detection, the only way to ensure accurate monitoring is to construct an efficient and precise program behavior model. A new program behavior-based anomaly detection model, called combined pushdown automaton （CPDA） model was proposed, which is based on static binary executable analysis. The CPDA model incorporates the optimized call stack walk and code instrumentation technique to gain complete context information. Thereby the proposed method can detect more attacks, while retaining good performance.     

小流量下短时交通量预测最佳窗口长度与时间间隔

探讨了小流量情况下，路段短时交通量预测中的可变时间间隔及预测窗口长度对预测精度的影响，分析了不同间隔序列在反映交通流特性方面的差别和最适合的预测窗口长度，并建立神经网络模型对预测效果进行了定量比较，得到序列用于预测的最佳窗口长度和一组最优时间间隔，有助于预测算法的改进和预测精度的提高。     

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针对城市道路路段上车流的流量和密度之间的特性，对道路元胞自动机交通流模型进行了改进，使CA模型能够较好模拟城市道路交通流。提出了网格动态调整算法，该算法根据模型模拟的路段流量和密度计算车辆平均通行距离，并以此距离动态调整CA模型的格子长度，按照城市道路路段上车辆速度的统计分布规律，以路段的车流速度密度模型输出作为下步模拟的平均车速，通过车辆速度的分布范围确定车辆加速减速的概率，对模型车速进行更新。选择500米长的城市主干道上的一条车道，利用本文改进的CA模型进行模拟，模拟结果表明:该模型在车速为30-65公里/小时范围内，能较好模拟城市道路上车流的运行特性。改进后的CA模型，适用于对城市道路上中速车流运行状况的模拟。     

Comments on “Case studies of shipping along Arctic routes. Analysis and profitability perspectives for the container sector” [Transp. Res. Part A: Policy Pract. 66 (2014) 144–161]

This paper points out an important factor that was neglected by “Case studies of shipping along Arctic routes. Analysis and profitability perspectives for the container sector,” when analysing the operating economy of Arctic routes. Further, this paper explains the idea that cargo has a time value. Arctic routes are likely to bring greater commercial value than the Suez, if cargo time value were to be considered.     

考虑车轮谐波磨耗的动车组车轴疲劳寿命

以CRH380BL型高速动车组为研究对象,基于车轮谐波磨耗的实测结果,建立刚性轮轨、刚性轮柔性轨、柔性轮刚性轨以及柔性轮轨4种不同轮轨关系下的车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,通过对比分析4种模型的轮轨振动特性,得到最能反映真实情况的轮轨耦合动力学模型;基于车轴受力分析,采用有限元软件ANSYS进行车轴静强度计算;采用多体动力学软件计算考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴载荷时间历程;根据疲劳累积损伤理论,采用FE-SAFE软件分析考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴疲劳寿命。结果表明:柔性轮轨关系更能反映轮轨的真实接触状态;车轴轮座内侧圆弧过渡处的应力最大,为114.4 MPa;考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴疲劳寿命约为19.2 a;车轮谐波磨耗导致轮轨振动加剧,对车轴疲劳寿命产生明显不利的影响。     

Simultaneous modeling of individuals’ duration and expenditure decisions in out-of-home leisure activities

In this paper, we propose an activity model under time and budget constraints to simultaneously predict the allocation of time and money to out-of-home leisure activities. The proposed framework considers the activity episode level, given that the activity is scheduled. Thus, the model considers the decision of the quantities for duration and expenditure spent during the activity. We use a flexible utility function and show how the simultaneous equations can be estimated by using structural equations model (SEM) estimation techniques to handle the endogeneity problem of time and expenditure. The estimation results are based on a large national leisure diary data set collected in 2008 in the Netherlands, which provides detailed information about time and money spent as well as timing and location attributes of the activities. The analysis reveals that socio-demographics, travel party, timing and location variables influence the duration and expenditure of activity episodes. It shows that various socio-demographic groups display different preferences in terms of the time and money spent on activities. The results also indicate substitution relationships between spending more time and money for various activity categories. Thus it is concluded that the analysis provides useful results for a better understanding of combined time and money allocation decisions for leisure activities.     

康德时间哲学论纲

具体阐述了康德时间哲学的内容，分析了康德时间哲学对海德格尔存在哲学的影响，指出康德时间哲学在时间哲学史上的地位。     

电话交换网业务预测方法讨论

本文对电信规划中交换网业务预测的方法及应用进行了阐述。     

期租中的船长

探讨期租船中的船长为达到安全、优质、高效地完成运输业务要做的主要工作,举例深入分析当船舶突发操纵失控和灾害性大风、锚泊走锚等紧急险情时应有的思考和对策,有助于转危为安,避免继发事故的发生。     

Making time count: Traveler activity engagement on urban transit

In practice, travel time is assigned a cost and treated as a disutility to be minimized. There is a growing body of research supporting the hypothesis that travel time has some value of its own, and the proliferation of information and communication technology (ICT) may be contributing to that value. Travelers’ attitudes are confounded with their mode choice, and as telecommunications mediate travel behavior, analysts must recognize the interaction between time use and customer satisfaction for appropriate travel demand management. To that end, this paper presents results from jointly estimated models of travelers’ latent satisfaction and on-board activity engagement using Chicago transit rider data gathered in April 2010. The simple questionnaire and small sample corroborate the findings of past research indicating travel attitudes and activity engagement have potential to influence travelers’ value of time, and many transit riders consider transit a better use of time and/or money than driving. The findings affirm the need for a more holistic understanding of value of time for travel demand management and infrastructure valuation. As time use has an influence on users’ valuation of the transit mode, offering opportunities to conduct certain leisure activities could improve the perceived value of travel time.