维修天窗期城市轨道交通整体道床拆换技术

城市轨道交通整体道床服役过程中易出现基底破损开裂、道床翻浆冒泥、基床整体变形、线路几何形位超限、轨道上拱等病害,影响轨道结构稳定性和耐久性。本文针对城市轨道交通整体道床结构形式与特点,系统地阐述轨道结构拆换、临时过渡措施、无缝线路恢复等关键技术及流程,提出了维修天窗期整体道床快速拆换的技术方案,为城市轨道交通整体道床类似病害的整治提供借鉴。     

浅谈全断面道床处理机

论述全断面道床处理机研制过程、主要技术参数及结构、试用后发现的问题及修改情况 ;肯定该机的研制成果 ,并提出进一步完善的建议。     

治理压载水外来生物入侵的方法

介绍了目前国内外治理船舶压载水外来生物入侵的方法。现有的方法在安全性、实用性、环保性、技术可行性和投资运行费用等方面均有其局限性。采用羟基可杀死压载水中的有害生物,由于具有广谱、快速、低成本和无残留污染物等特点,有望成为治理压载水外来生物入侵的理想方法。     

Eradication of algae in ships'' ballast water by electrolyzing

In order to verify the effectiveness of electrolytic treatment on ships' ballast water,experiments are carried out by a pilot system in laboratory. The raw seawater and seawater with different concentrations of different algae are simulated as ships' ballast water. The algae in the raw seawater can be killed if it is treated by electrolysis with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 5 mg/L. If the seawater with one kind of algae (Nitzschia closterum, Dicrateria spp., or Pyramidomonnas sp.105cells/mL) is treated by electrolysis with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 5 mg/L, the alga can be sterilized. If the seawater with one kind of algae (Dunaliella sp., Platymonas or Chlorella spp.)is directly treated by electrolyzing with an initial residual chlorine concentration of 4 mg/L, the instant mortality changes with the concentration of different algae. However, after 72 hours, in all treated samples, there are no live algal cells found.     

Ballast Water Risk Indication for the North Sea

The ballast water from ships carries marine organisms that have invasive potential. The International Maritime Organization Ballast Water Management Convention (2004) requires ballast water exchange or ballast water management (BWM) systems either onboard or ashore. Ships can be exempted on the basis of risk assessment, when exclusively sailing between specific ports or in an enclosed area. In reply to our questionnaire, the shipping sector argues that the North Sea is ecologically homogeneous and exemptions could therefore be granted. This paper proposes that the North Sea area is, in fact, not homogeneous in terms of hydrographical and biological conditions; therefore, ballast water is a relevant transport mechanism for organisms. Within the North Sea, the short shipping routes indicate a high risk for survival. We examined actual simulation models for ballast water risk assessment in the North Sea, and we have identified the major parameters that need to be included in such models. These models provided a basis; they further need to be combined and adapted for the purpose of evaluating the rationale for an exemption. We concluded that exemptions from BWM are not recommended for the North Sea area. Anticipating the Ballast Water Management Convention, ship owners might do well to study possibilities for installing BWM systems onboard.     

50000 DWT半潜船压载系统设计

压载系统是半潜船的关键性系统,设计需要满足半潜船潜装、滚装和吊装等多种装卸货方式的要求。为此以中远航运50 000 DWT半潜船为例,介绍半潜船压载系统的设计要点。包括半潜船上浮时间的确定、半潜船常用排/压载方式的选择、大型排/压载设备的介绍、压载系统的设计和优化以及压载系统满足BWM公约D-2规则要求的研究等。     

船舶压载水的处理与进展

船舶压载水的随意排放是造成外来生物入侵的主要途径,本文阐述了船舶压载水的管理现状和处理方法,以及世界上该领域的最新进展。     

Added resistance acting on hull of a non ballast water ship

In this paper, added resistances acting on a hull of non ballast water ship(NBS) in high waves is discussed. The non ballast water ships were developed at the laboratory of the authors at Osaka Prefecture University, Japan. In the present paper, the performances of three kinds of bow shapes developed for the NBS were theoretically and experimentally investigated to find the best one in high waves. In previous papers, an optimum bow shape for the NBS was developed in calm water and in moderated waves. For a 2 m model for experiments and computations, the wave height is 0.02 m. This means that the wave height is 15% of the draft of the ship in full load conditions. In this paper, added resistances in high waves up to 0.07 m for a 2 m model or 53% of the full load draft are investigated. In such high waves linear wave theories which have been used in the design stage of a ship for a long time may not work well anymore, and experiments are the only effective tool to predict the added resistance in high waves. With the computations for waves, the ship is in a fully captured condition because shorter waves, λ/Lpp0.6, are assumed.     

青藏铁路无缝线路试验段轨道参数试验

青藏铁路在技术可行地段铺设无缝线路,对于提高行车速度、减少线路齐护维修、降低运营成本,实现铁道部铁路跨越式发展战略,具有十分重要的意义。详细介绍了道床横、纵向阻力与轨道原始弯曲的试验方法和数据整理分析过程,获得了合理取值。确定在青藏铁路格望段通过规范的轨道施工,可以迭到铺设无缝线路设计参数的要求。另外,对青藏铁路轨道稳定性与钢轨强度进行了检算,并确定了锁定轨温。     

通用型FPSO关键管网系统水锤分析及防护

在深水通用型FPSO工程中,水锤产生的压力会对管路系统造成危害,严重影响工程进度。运用AFT Impulse建立通用型FPSO压载水系统模型,对系统进行瞬态分析,得出不同关阀工况下水锤仿真结果。通过多次仿真对结果进行比较,得到相对合理的关阀方案,确保管路系统的安全。