公路大桥上部箱梁滑移模架施工

介绍了滨州徒骇河大桥上部连续箱梁滑移模架施工,结合工程实际阐述了移动支撑系统的功能、原理、工艺流程及施工过程中控制要点。     

Eco-driving training of professional bus drivers – Does it work?

The drive to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one shared by both businesses and governments. Although many businesses in the European Union undertake interventions, such as driver training, there is relatively little research which has tested the efficacy of this approach and that which does exist has methodological limitations. One emerging technology employed to deliver eco-driving training is driver training using a simulator. The present study investigated whether bus drivers trained in eco-driving techniques were able to implement this learning in a simulator and whether this training would also transfer into the workplace. A total of 29 bus drivers attended an all-day eco-driving course and their driving was tested using a simulator both before and after the course. A further 18 bus drivers comprised the control group, and they attended first aid courses as well as completing the same simulator drives (before-after training). The bus drivers who were given the eco-driving training significantly improved fuel economy figures in the simulator, while there was no change in fuel economy for the control group. Actual fuel economy figures were also provided by the bus companies immediately before the training, immediately after the training and six months after the training. As expected there were no significant changes in fuel economy for the control group. However, fuel economy for the treatment group improved significantly immediately after the eco-driving training (11.6%) and this improvement was even larger six months after the training (16.9%). This study shows that simulator-based training in eco-driving techniques has the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the road transport sector.     

Estimating the ride quality characteristics of vehicles with random decrement analysis of on-the-road vibration response data

This paper describes the application of a practical analytical technique based on the random decrement method to estimate the rigid sprung mass dynamic characteristics (frequency response function) of road vehicles using only vibration response data during constant-speed operation. A brief history and development of the random decrement technique is presented, along with a summary of work undertaken on optimal parameter selection to establish the random decrement signature. Two approaches to estimate the dynamic characteristics from the random decrement signature are described and evaluated. A custom, single-wheeled vehicle (physical quarter car) was commissioned to undertake a series of on-the-road experiments at various nominally constant operating speeds. The vehicle, also instrumented as an inertial profilometer, simultaneously measured the longitudinal pavement profile to establish the vehicle's actual dynamic characteristics during operation. The main outcome of the paper is that the random decrement technique can be used to provide accurate estimates of the sprung mass mode of the vehicle's dynamic characteristics for both linear and nonlinear suspension systems of an idealised vehicle.     

基于状态转换的ECU功能测试研究

针对传统设计ECU功能测试用例时无法兼顾输入动作的组合与有序状态迁移的问题,提出一种基于状态转换的黑盒测试用例的设计思想,并结合SCU功能测试用例设计实践,阐明了应用状态转换进行功能测试用例设计的方法和流程,并提供了一整套满足ECU功能测试的软硬件测试系统平台的搭建方案。     

远程油门在粉粒物料运输车上的使用

针对原粉粒物料运输车未配备远程电子油门系统使用不便的问题,介绍了加装了远程油门系统的粉粒物料运输车的使用方法,并为远程油门设计加装了定速装置,可以任意调整发动机转速且能实现任意转速定速功能,为今后类似的设计提供了参考。     

Stop-and-go traffic analysis: Theoretical properties,environmental impacts and oscillation mitigation

This study aims (i) to analyze theoretical properties of a recently proposed describing-function (DF) based approach (Li and Ouyang, 2011; Li et al., 2012) for traffic oscillation quantification, (ii) to adapt it for estimating fuel consumption and emission from traffic oscillation and (iii) to explore vehicle control strategies of smoothing traffic with advanced technologies. The DF approach was developed to predict traffic oscillation propagation across a platoon of vehicles following each other by a nonlinear car-following law with only the leading vehicle’s input. We first simplify the DF approach and prove a set of properties (e.g., existence and uniqueness of its solution) that assure its prediction is always consistent with observed traffic oscillation patterns. Then we integrate the DF approach with existing estimation models of fuel consumption and emission to analytically predict environmental impacts (i.e., unit-distance fuel consumption and emission) from traffic oscillation. The prediction results by the DF approach are validated with both computer simulation and field measurements. Further, we explore how to utilize advantageous features of emerging sensing, communication and control technologies, such as fast response and information sharing, to smooth traffic oscillation and reduce its environmental impacts. We extend the studied car-following law to incorporate these features and apply the DF approach to demonstrate how these features can help dampen the growth of oscillation and environmental impact measurements. For information sharing, we convert the corresponding extended car-following law into a new fixed point problem and propose a simple bisecting based algorithm to efficiently solve it. Numerical experiments show that these new car-following control strategies can effectively suppress development of oscillation amplitude and consequently mitigate fuel consumption and emission.     

城市轨道交通电气系统网络负荷建模方法研究

城市轨道交通电气系统网络存在分散性、时变性、随机性、多样性和非连续性等多种特性。介绍了几种常用的经典负荷模型结构。针对该电气系统网络系统的特点,采用带有反馈模拟云数据生成器,应用隶属度函数与经典负荷模型相结合理论,提出一种基于窗函数的负荷模型建模方法,并对该方法进行了仿真验证。     

具有特色建筑空间的徐家棚车站设计技术探讨

为解决越江大盾构区间引起的大型换乘车站建筑功能复杂多样、使用标准高、结构型式复杂变化的问题,结合已运营的具有特殊建筑空间设计的武汉地铁8号线徐家棚站,全面探讨车站换乘方式、建筑方案、使用功能、空间效果、工程风险、结构受力等问题,并提出合理可行的工程设计创新措施; 借助提升空间、增大柱跨、通透中庭、特色装修及不同层次空间布局,打造车站高大上的空间效果; 采取合理的支撑体系及止水方案,确保长江一级阶地高承压含水层条件下的超深超大基坑的安全; 采取底板设置抗拔桩、板墙节点加腋、临时传力体系和梁柱转换体系措施,解决车站大跨度、大中庭结构设计及开孔多等结构受力问题; 创新Y型扶梯柱和悬吊天桥通道,节约站台公共空间。     

三体船侧体布局及型线优化设计研究

采用分层次优化,首先以总阻力最小为优化目标对某三体船侧体横向和纵向的相对位置进行了优化研究,得到阻力性能最优的三体船侧体布局方案;然后基于侧体最优布局,进行型线优化,最终完成三体船的侧体布局和型线的序列优化。结果表明,所采用的三体船侧体布局及型线优化方法具有可行性,可为三体船船型设计提供参考依据。