卡罗拉轿车U341E型自动变速器电控系统原理

介绍一汽丰田卡罗拉轿车采用的U341E型电控自动变速器电控系统的组成、电路;阐述电控系统信号输入输出数据特点;分析电控系统的控制原理。     

EPS联合轻型U槽在城市道路中的应用

结合江东路部分节点改造工程,针对EPS轻质路堤断面设计形式及其防护措施,通过分析传统方法的不足,提出了轻型EPS联合轻型U槽的横断面设计形式。实践证明,该方案可以从根本上解决附加荷载大的问题．同时减少差异沉降,防止横向裂缝等,值得推广。     

基于VISSIM仿真的平面交叉口信号配时方案比选分析

信号交叉口是城市路网的节点和交通关键,它的配时方法对缓解交通拥挤起到决定作用。首先介绍国内外信号配时模型,在对哈尔滨实际交叉El交通调查的基础上,运用4种模型进行配时方案设计,应用VISSIM软件进行仿真分析,得出美国HCM配时方法是最优配时模型。     

Paradoxes of rationality in road safety policy

Rationality is an ideal for transport safety policy. As developed within normative welfare economics, rationality denotes the efficient use of safety measures based on cost–benefit analyses that include all relevant impacts of the measures. Efficiency in the technical sense of the term provides a perfectly clear and precise guideline for policy priorities. Nevertheless, some choices that are guided by cost–benefit analysis may strike us as paradoxical or counterintuitive. A paradox of rationality refers to any situation in which conflicting choices can both be defended as rational. This paper discusses a number of choices that may seem paradoxical. The first involves the choice between options that have identical impacts on safety, but in which these impacts are valued differently. The second deals with the tendency for preference reversals to occur when preferences for the provision of safety are aggregated. The third discusses the inability of conventional measures of willingness-to-pay to reflect the intensity of preferences. The fourth concerns the tendency for policy choice to favour the rich at the expense of the poor when willingness-to-pay is not adjusted for the marginal utility of money. A fifth situation refers to the fact that a policy option that looks attractive ex ante may fail an ex post compensation test because utility functions depend on health state. There is a potential conflict between individual and collective rationality with respect to the costs and benefits of some road safety measures. When developing a road safety programme, a set of road safety measures whose benefits exceed the costs when considered as stand-alone measures could have benefits smaller than cost when combined in a programme consisting of all the measures. Finally, there is a potential conflict between efficiency and negotiated consensus as mechanisms of resource allocation in the public sector. The sources of the paradoxes and ways of avoiding them are discussed. Some of the paradoxes can be avoided if changes in risk are valued in terms of a fixed price per unit of risk rather than according to a non-linear demand function.     

油田采出液管道内壁流动腐蚀行为研究

采用循环流动腐蚀试验装置,研究了16Mn钢在三元复合驱采出液流动介质中的电化学腐蚀行为.通过试验得出温度、流速对腐蚀电流密度的影响规律.结果表明:在流动的三元复合驱溶液中,16Mn钢的腐蚀速度因溶液温度、流速不同而变化.通过X射线衍射分析确定腐蚀产物的相结构,并对腐蚀产物膜的保护性进行了分析,以此就温度、流速对腐蚀速度的影响规律进行了探讨.     

斜拉桥索塔锚固区双层U形预应力束的张拉控制试验研究

通过模型试验和有限元分析,确定了双层U形预应力筋的张拉控制程序。比较张拉后模型内部传感器测试的预应力效应和采用空间有限元分析的应力结果,可以检验U形预应力筋张拉后是否达到设计要求的预应力状态,从而得出张拉程序的可靠性。结果表明:正确的张拉操作程序,不仅能将实测张拉伸长值与理论伸长值的偏差控制在规范之内,而且能使得张拉后的预应力效应达到设计的要求。     

21世纪的美国交通

就美国交通的基本情况、发展模式、交通工具的选择和新技术的应用、智能交通系统及私有化和外包等诸多方面进行了深入的探讨，对美国交通的发展趋势做出了详尽而有理有据的预测，这样的综合介绍无疑会使我国的交通规划与发展颇受裨益。     

30Mn23Al4Cr5超低温无磁钢的冷加工强化

本文研究了冷加工对30Mn23Al4Cr5超低温无磁钢硬度、强度、塑性和冲击韧性的影响,试验结果表明,随着冷轧比的增加,硬度和屈服强度按抛物线规律增加,塑性和韧性按抛物线规律降低,而抗拉强度近似线性增加,冷轧引起的位错塞积和形变孪晶结构导致强度增加及塑性与韧性降低。     

新型贝氏体钢与U74钢轨钢的焊接

新型贝氏体钢强度高韧性好，是制造辙叉心轨的合适材料．采用焊条电弧焊的方法将贝氏体钢与U74钢轨钢连接在一起组成组合式辙叉．试验结果表明：贝氏体钢焊接性良好，其热影响区为贝氏体组织，而U74钢热影响区为整个接头的薄弱环节，延性较低。     

重载轴承选型分析

介绍了重载轴承选型时应当考虑的影响因素,包括L10寿命、使用方式和维修方式等.