耐碰撞车辆的能量吸收要求

对耐碰撞车辆的设计能量进行了研究.线性分析的方法已经被证明对于弄清楚两列车碰撞的作用情况,尤其是两车辆间相互作用的情况非常有用.介绍了首端和中间端的能量吸收要求的计算公式.这是从5种不同列车的模拟计算中推导出来的,可以应用于所有轨道上的车辆碰撞.     

钛合金试件冷却方法与换热性能的实验研究

材料切磨削过程中的强化冷却散热,对提高工件的切磨削效率和保证被切磨削工件的表面质量等都具有积极作用．文中以定压、定量风和不同含量水相组合时射流冷却被加热的钛合金（Ti6ABV）试件的实验为基础,探讨了定压力、定量风和微量水相综合雾化射流冷却钛合金试件时的换热性能和规律．实验表明,存在使雾化冷却最佳的微量水剂量的最佳值域,且只有其材料相应温度冷却效果充分发挥时,雾化冷却方法才能优于相应的水射流和气体射流冷却方法．     

纯电动汽车非热泵型整车热管理系统的控制方法

基于V字形开发模式,开发了满足整车热管理需求的非热泵型整车热管理系统,取得了良好的改善效果.在此系统中采用了低温下的电机余热利用等改善措施,与目前电动汽车普遍采用的PTC电加热方式(不带电机余热)相比,能够显著地增加电动汽车低温续驶里程.     

CATIA V5在客车底盘设计中的应用

随着三维设计软件的普及,客车底盘的设计正在逐渐采用三维设计。本文简要介绍CATIA V5在客车底盘设计中的应用。     

“SR”号船扫气箱着火分析及预防措施

针对“SR”号船主机扫气箱着火产生的过程及故障排除进行分析,阐述故障产生原因及从中汲取的教训,并提出相应的预防措施,供船舶管理人员参考。     

机车速度模拟信号发生器的研制

为了对机车监控装置和机车控制或微机励磁系统提供光电传感器的模拟信号,以达到机车静态不动车进行测试的目的,设计了采用单片集成电路AD654的手持式模拟信号发生器,现场测试表明其精度高,操作简单。     

U71Mn钢疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN的测定与分析

对铁路钢轨材料U71Mn钢的疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN进行了测定,并用AutoCAD较为精确地得到了a-N曲线的离散值,最后用回归分析法得到了该材料在稳定扩展状态下的裂纹扩展速率。试验数据的相关系数检验表明:本文所得到的结果比较理想,对评价其寿命有参考价值。     

美国铁路冷藏车的发展

介绍了美国铁路冷藏车的发展,重点阐述了几种典型冷藏车的技术规格,以及利用卫星通讯技术遥控监测冷藏车的运用情况。     

An on-road evaluation of connected motorcycle crash warning interface with different motorcycle types

Crash warning systems have been deployed in the high-end vehicle market segment for some time and are trickling down to additional motor vehicle industry segments each year. The motorcycle segment, however, has no deployed crash warning system to date. With the active development of next generation crash warning systems based on connected vehicle technologies, this study explored possible interface designs for motorcycle crash warning systems and evaluated their rider acceptance and effectiveness in a connected vehicle context. Four prototype warning interface displays covering three warning mode alternatives (auditory, visual, and haptic) were designed and developed for motorcycles. They were tested on-road with three connected vehicle safety applications - intersection movement assist, forward collision warning, and lane departure warning - which were selected according to the most impactful crash types identified for motorcycles. Combined auditory and haptic displays showed considerable promise for implementation. Auditory display is easily implemented given the adoption rate of in-helmet auditory systems. Its weakness of presenting directional information in this study may be remedied by using simple speech or with the help of haptic design, which performed well at providing such information and was also found to be attractive to riders. The findings revealed both opportunities and challenges of visual displays for motorcycle crash warning systems. More importantly, differences among riders of three major motorcycle types (cruiser, sport, and touring) in terms of rider acceptance of a motorcycle crash warning system were revealed. Based on the results, recommendations were provided for an appropriate crash warning interface design for motorcycles and riders in a connected vehicle environment.     

Study on the framework of hybrid collision warning system using loop detectors and vehicle information

Safety warning systems generally operate based on information from sensors attached to individual vehicles. Various types of data used for collision risk calculation can be categorized into two types, microscopic or macroscopic, depending on how the sensors collect the information of traffic state. Most collision warning systems use only either of these types of data, but they all have limitations imposed by the data, such as requirement of high installation cost and high market penetration rate of devices. In order to overcome these limits, we propose a collision warning system that utilizes the integrated information of macroscopic data and microscopic data, from loop detectors and smartphones respectively. The proposed system is evaluated by simulating a real vehicle trip based on the NGSIM data. We compare the results against collision warning systems based on macroscopic data from infrastructure and microscopic data from Vehicle-to-Vehicle information. The analysis of three systems shows two findings that (a) ICWS (Infrastructure-based Collision Warning System) is inadequate for immediate collision warning system and (b) VCWS (V2V communication based Collision Warning System) and HCWS (Hybrid Collision Warning System) produce collision warning at very similar timing, even with different behavior of individual drivers. Advantages of HCWS are that it can be directly applied to existing system with small additional cost, because data of loop detector are already available to be used in Korea and smartphones are widely spread. Also, the computation power distributed to each individual smartphone greatly increases the efficiency of the system by distributing the computation resources and load.