Handling Cut-In Vehicles in Strings of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Vehicles

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) systems are a candidate to improve highway capacity by shortening headways and attenuating traffic disturbances. Although encouraging results have been obtained until now, a wide range of traffic circumstances has to be investigated in order to get reliable CACC systems driving on real roads. Among them, handling both vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications-equipped and unequipped vehicles merging into the string of CACC vehicles is a commonly mentioned challenge. In this article, an algorithm for managing the transitions in response to cut-ins from V2V- or non-V2V-equipped vehicles is developed and tested using a string of four CACC vehicles. A CACC controller is implemented in four production Infiniti M56s vehicles and tested in real traffic, where non-V2V-equipped vehicles can cut in. The effects of a vehicle performing a cut-out are also investigated. Then responses to cut-ins by equipped and nonequipped vehicles are simulated for longer strings of vehicles using car-following models for both the production adaptive cruise control (ACC) system and the newly developed CACC controller. Results demonstrate that the CACC system is able to handle cut-in vehicles without causing major perturbations, while also reducing significantly the impact of this maneuver on the following vehicles, improving traffic flow.     

Comparison of In-Vehicle Auditory Public Traffic Information With Roadside Dynamic Message Signs

Dynamic message signs (DMS) have been widely used by transportation agencies to disseminate traffic information (referred to in this article as “public traffic information”) for decades. Unfortunately, their effectiveness is limited, based on the following reasons: they are costly, can only present a limited amount of information, and typically only display information in one language. The wide availability of smart devices and the development of connected vehicles offer the possibility to create “virtual” DMS (VDMS), utilizing geofencing and audible messages to convey public traffic information. This research compares the ability of VDMS to convey public traffic information with existing DMS. A mixed repeated-measure experiment using a driving simulator was designed that examined the impacts of driver age, information transmission mode, amount of information, and driving complexity on message comprehension. Forty-two participants were recruited and each of them was tested under different combinations of the three within-subject factors. Participant performance was measured in terms of message comprehension, distraction, and self-reported overall difficulty level in receiving messages. Results revealed that VDMS generally performs better than DMS as information content increases and driving condition complexity increases, regardless of driver age. VDMS increased message comprehension by 16% under relatively complex driving conditions, reduced driver reaction time to unexpected stimuli (as measured with a reduced time-to-brake of 0.39 s), and made the same messages easier to process and retain for drivers than DMS. Based on these results, it is recommended that transportation agencies give careful consideration to VDMS as a future strategy for delivering public traffic information in a connected vehicle environment.     

氢电混合动力车动力系统结构布置研究

随着能源危机和环境恶化,汽车工业的进一步发展受到极大的挑战,发展新能源汽车成为未来汽车工业的发展方向。氢电混合动力车是一种新能源车,其动力系统的性能对汽车的整体性能起着至关重要的作用,为了更好地实现其性能,对其结构布置进行研究很有必要。通过与传统汽车、油电混合动力车以及纯燃料电池车的动力系统进行对比,研究了氢电混合动力车动力系统的组成与特点;并详细研究了动力系统的结构布置及其特点和各自适合的工况条件。通过以上的研究,为后续动力系统结构布置的选择提供了参考,并指出了其未来发展的方向。     

国六轻型车排气污染物中甲烷的不确定度评定

本文介绍了汽车排气污染物中甲烷的生成机理,阐明了甲烷排放的危害和测量的必要性,在评定其不确定度的过程中,按GB18352.6-2016《轻型汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第六阶段)》中Ⅰ型试验流程开展试验,对底盘测功机和稀释采样系统等设备、环境条件、标准物质、人为操作等可能会影响排放结果的因素进行了评估,计算排气污...     

车联网环境对城市快速路驾驶安全的影响评价

为明确不同情形下车联网对城市快速路交通安全的影响程度,首先,在分析车联网对快速路驾驶行为影响的基础上,对车联网和常规驾驶环境下的驾驶模型参数进行了标定;然后,选取累计碰撞时间（Time Exposed Time-to-collision, TET）和积分碰撞时间（Time Integrated Time-to-collision,TIT）指标对快速路纵向驾驶行为进行安全评价,选取侧向碰撞风险（Sideswipe Crash Risk, SSCR）作为快速路横向换道驾驶安全的评价指标;最后,基于VISSIM设计快速路进行仿真试验,考虑车联网和常规驾驶环境,研究不同渗透率和饱和度条件下网联车对纵向追尾和横向换道驾驶行为的安全影响程度。研究结果表明：车联网环境下网联车渗透率对快速路驾驶行为的影响呈现出缓慢提升（0～50%）、快速提升（50%～75%）及显著提升（75%～100%）三阶段,其中TET指标分别对应降低14.57%, 30.10%和49.01%;车联网环境下,交通饱和度对快速路的交通安全影响则呈现出先快后慢的改善趋势。当网联车渗透率超过75%之后,交通安全提升程度最为明显;车联网环境中,当快速路交通饱和度低于0.8时,交通安全改善程度更为显著。