交通荷载下低路堤高速公路路面路基振动测试与分析

交通荷载的作用使得路面路基产生动力响应,为了掌握和分析交通荷载在低路堤高速公路路面路基中的振动响应,对连盐高速公路一低路堤工程段进行了现场测试,采用强震仪及动土压力盒测试在不同车型、不同车速工况下路面及路基不同深度的动力响应,根据对测试结果的分析,得出了一些有价值的结论,对今后指导低路堤高速公路路基设计和处理有一定的意义。     

Basic design of a series propeller with vibration consideration by genetic algorithm

Genetic algorithms (GAs) can powerfully search for parameters in a large multidimensional design space. Thus, the principle can be applied to preliminary series propeller design problems with multiple considerations. In the present study, B-series propeller design was conducted using a GA for both hydrodynamic efficiency and vibration consideration. The objective function was set by users who could freely weight the relative importance of efficiency and vibration. GAs were successfully shown to be able to obtain an optimal set of parameters leading to efficient performance and low vibration.     

单轮对纵向颤振数值仿真及机理分析

在进行机车车辆动力学分析时,除了进行启动和制动研究外,通常将机车的前进速度考虑为恒速,且不考虑轮对纵向振动指标.最新的研究表明,轮对纵向振动作用因素不可忽视,强烈的轮对纵向振动会导致踏面剥离和车体垂向异常振动现象的发生.为了研究轮对纵向振动问题,在将轮对纵向运动考虑为非恒速的基础上建立了单轮对纵向振动简化模型,并推导出包含7个自由度的轮对运动方程,其中轮轨接触考虑为准弹性接触模型.通过根轨迹分析确定了轮对纵向振动的固有频率,发现轮对纵向振动是一种自激振动,在参数不变的条件下具有固定的频率.通过分析提出一种轮对纵向颤振速度的预测方法,研究了轮对纵向颤振的产生机理,指出线路不平顺、轮对横移、摇头的作用是诱发轮对纵向颤振的原因,并通过数值仿真再现了轮对纵向振动现象.     

Two-dimensional FEM model of Vortex-Induced Vibration of A Circular Cylinder

The finite element method was employed to solve the N-S equation.Incorporated with the vibration equa- tion,the vortex-induced vibration of the circular cylinder is studied by an Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)al- gorithm.The Reynolds number based on the cylinder diameter and the undisturbed flow velocity ranges from 90 to 150. The motion of the cylinder was modeled by a spring-damper-mass system.The numerical model has been validated by comparison with the experimental data in literature.The"lock-in"and"beating"phenomena were successfully repro- duced in the numerical test.     

艇用往复泵组的振动分析与防范措施

对艇用往复泵组的振动原因进行了分析,并结合分析制定了防范措施,可供借鉴。     

应用微分求积法的旋转变截面梁振动分析

研究了截面高度沿纵向线性变化的旋转梁的振动特性。基于Hamilton原理导出了控制方程,该控制方程计及了向心力刚化效应,利用微分求积法将其谐和振动方程转化为代数方程。计算了前三阶固有频率并进行了对比,结果表明了该方法的精度和有效性。     

阻抗管中多自由度波导抑振器的声辐射

多自由度波导抑振器通过自身的运动来抑制弹性基板中弯曲波的传播,但其自身的运动也将引起声波向周围介质辐射。为了定性研究其声辐射性能,在物理建模时,将波导抑振器视为由一个单极子共振器(类似于Helmholtz共振器)和一个偶极子共振器复合而成的结构。单极子共振器通过一根弹性细杆连接在弹性基板上。在外界振动的激励下,单极子共振器产生一个振荡的体积速度,偶极子共振器产生一个振动的偶极子弯矩。它们都将在介质中引起相应的声辐射。由于该模型具有损耗阻尼,因而可以耗散部分振动能量。同时,在单极子共振器的共振频率处,受激振动声辐射将出现峰值,而在偶极子共振器的共振频率处,由于受弯矩阻抗特性的影响,该频段的受激振动声辐射将产生一个阶跃。水声阻抗管中的试验研究证实了这一结果。     

管幕内顶进箱涵时顶部管幕力学作用的试验研究

上海市中环线虹许路北虹路下立交工程是目前世界上在饱和含水软土地层中施工的横截面最大的管幕法工程。为了充分研究箱涵顶进过程中管幕的力学作用,根据相似理论,按照实际工程状况进行了室内模型试验,得到了箱涵推进过程中地面和顶部管幕的竖向位移,以及管幕下土压力的变化特征,发现箱涵前端一定范围内的地层主要表现为竖向沉降变形,顶部管幕在箱涵推进过程中起到一定的承载作用,这对于稳定箱涵前端开挖面是有利的。试验结果对实际工程的设计与施工提供了一定的参考。     

关于三跨简支悬索桥振动频率方程的讨论

笔者对文 [3]中的三跨简支悬索桥振动频率方程进行了详细推演 ,并对其中的几处笔误予以更正 ,可供读者参考     

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS FOR VIBRATION CONTROL OF BEAMS WITH ACTIVE CONSTRAINED LAYER DAMPING TREATMENTS

IntroductionThe conventional passive constrained layerdamping (PCLD) treatments[1～ 3] are applied tomachines and structures widely over the lastcentu-ry because they are reliable and simple,however,they are not intelligent. Once the damping treat-ments are installed,they can not be adjusted andcan not adapt themselves to changeable environ-ment.Recently,active damping has received in-creasing attention in the aeronautic and astronauticindustries because of its significant and adjustabledamp…