基于图像小波变换的数字水印

提出了一种基于小波变换的数字水印的嵌入与检测方法。这种方法充分利用小波变换的特点,在原始图像的适当位置加入水印,采用盲水印算法检测图像中是否含有水印。     

多源激励谱反演振荡研究

多源激励谱反演属于逆问题范畴,反演解在系统共振频率及低频段会出现振荡.文章以数值仿真与理论相结合的方法,开展了矩形板四种方案的虚拟实验来研究多源激励谱反演振荡问题.首先进行了板的模态分析和响应分析,数值解与理论解吻合良好,验证了方法的可行性.然后分别以直接法、截断奇异值分解法(TSVD)、Tikhonov正则法对板的多源激励谱进行反演.结果表明:(1)多源激励谱反演时,保证响应点数量大于激励点数量可有效抑制反演解在共振频率处的振荡;(2)采用TSVD法、Tikhonov正则法可有效抑制反演解的低频振荡.最后,用反演的激励谱重构接收点的响应谱,重构解与理想值吻合较好,验证了虚拟实验及方法的可信性.     

A new methodology for vehicle trajectory reconstruction based on wavelet analysis

Vehicle trajectories with high spatial and temporal resolution are known as the most ideal source of data for developing innovative microscopic traffic models. Aside from the method applied for collecting the vehicle trajectories, such data are more or less error-infected. The ever-increasing noise amplitude during the process of deriving the data (such as speed and acceleration) required for developing models, might change or even hide the structure of data and lead to useful information being overlooked. This highlights the importance of presenting the efficient methods which are adequate to remove noise and enhance the quality of vehicle trajectory data. Accordingly, in this paper a simple two-step technique based on wavelet analysis has been recommended for filtering errors and reconstructing trajectory data. Primarily, by using wavelet transform a special treatment was employed to identify and modify the outliers. Next, the noise in trajectory data was eliminated by applying the wavelet-based filter. The results of applying the proposed method to the synthetic noise-infected trajectory and the NGSIM dataset reveal how appropriate its performance is compared with other methodologies in terms of quantitative criteria.     

多塔斜拉桥加劲索涡激振动实测与时域解析模态分解

为研究多塔斜拉桥中塔加劲索涡激振动时域和频域特性，对多根加劲索开展了振动加速度测量和风速、风向观测，研究了加劲索振幅与风速和风向的关系，分析了加速度时程的时域和频域特征。采用解析模态分解法对加劲索涡激振动加速度时程进行了分解，分析了所得分量的时域和频谱特征。研究发现，在无雨和较低风速条件下，同侧并列加劲索仅迎风侧发生明显涡激振动，其峰值振动是以频率为6.25 Hz的第28阶模态主要参与为特征，为高阶多模态涡激振动，明显发振风速约为4~5 m·s^-1，风向接近垂直桥轴线，其面内振动明显大于面外。1^#加劲索面内涡激振动时程分解得到的3个相邻高阶频率时程分量显示，第28阶模态振动加速度随时间的变化，主导了加劲索振动加速度幅值的增大和减小。同时认为，解析模态分解法不仅能较好地分离含有多个密集频率分量的时域信号，且分解得到的分量不改变原信号分量的频率特征，分解分量再合成的信号与原信号时频特征完全一致。因而可采用解析模态分解法分解具有多个密集频率分量的柔性结构响应，能有助于工程结构风致响应的模态参数识别。     

基于滤波器分解的图像插值算法

本文研究了一种空域中的图像分解技术，进而利用改种分解方法，探讨了图像插值算法。本文提出的图像分解方法的主要思想是：利用类型确定的滤波器（如低通）对原始图像滤波，将图像分解为高频和低频两部分，并对分解得到的低频或高频成分进行处理，图像可分解成不同频率分量的图层之和，进而在各个图层一L进行相应的插值处理，最后利用逆变换得到最终的结果。     

VIV response of a flexible cylinder with varied coverage by buoyancy elements and helical strakes

Many significant engineering challenges have emerged as the petroleum industry has moved their field development and production activities into increasingly deeper water depths. The design of deepwater marine risers presents the combined challenges to minimize top tensioning requirements, mitigate any flow-induced vibrations, and if possible to increase the expected fatigue life of these slender structural members. As part of the design process to achieve these goals external buoyancy modules and strakes have been employed. To gain insight into the complex multi-mode response behavior a recent experimental study was performed and the analysis of selected data sets is presented. In the experiments a horizontal cylinder with a length to diameter ratio of 263 was fitted with a variety of strake and buoyancy element configurations. The models were towed at uniform speeds ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 m/s and fiber optic strain gages were used to measure both in-line and cross-flow strain response. The resulting time series information was processed utilizing the method of time domain decomposition formulated for strain data input and the introduction of modal assurance criterion to resolve the modal strain information that included frequency, mode shape, and critical damping ratio information. The pre-tensioned cylinder without appendages was used as a base case and the results were basically consistent with expectations. In the case of 0.8 m/s low-tension test, multiple closely spaced non-overlapping peaks were observed in both in-line and cross-flow directions and were identified as being of the same mode with mode shapes distorted away from purely sinusoidal behavior. The test data for the 100% coverage by helical stakes demonstrated the effectiveness of that suppression device over the range of current velocities investigated. The most interesting case was that of a staggered combination of helical strakes and buoyancy element whose total for each type of coverage was equal. This effective asymmetric VIV suppression approach is presented and discussed in detail.     

基于工程分解的船体生产物流管理研究

船舶建造的物流特点表现为:物流量大、周期长且具有动态性。零件生产能力不足、理料效率低下和配送困难是国内造船企业在实施精益造船、建立现代造船模式的过程中普遍遇到的船体结构建造问题。通过对某船厂的生产布局进行分析,运用工程分解的理论对船体生产物流管理模式进行深入探讨,并提出新的结构流向设计原则,以期提高管理的精细化与数字化,最终形成规范的物流管理体系。     

基于小波变换的搭板病害检测方法试验研究

针对高速公路桥梁搭板出现脱空病害后难以检测的问题,通过搭板实体模型试验,利用地质雷达进行检测,采用小波变换方法对信号处理分析,降低噪声,提高信噪比,为该病害处理提供借鉴经验。     

传感器安装偏差对功率流测试误差的影响分析

为分析传感器安装偏差对功率流测试误差的影响,将安装偏差分解为位置偏差和角度偏差两个部分,并分别基于互功率谱法和波分解法建立传感器安装偏差与功率流测试误差之间的数学模型。仿真分析结果表明：所建立的互功率谱法和波分解法功率流测试误差模型完全一致;位置偏差对功率流的影响由两个传感器位置偏差之差决定,角度偏差对功率流测试误差的影响与频率无关,但始终使得功率流向更小的方向变化,而总误差为两种安装偏差各自产生误差之积。     

Freeway traffic oscillations: Microscopic analysis of formations and propagations using Wavelet Transform

In this paper we identify the origins of stop-and-go (or slow-and-go) driving and measure microscopic features of their propagations by analyzing vehicle trajectories via Wavelet Transform. Based on 53 oscillation cases analyzed, we find that oscillations can be originated by either lane-changing maneuvers (LCMs) or car-following (CF) behavior. LCMs were predominantly responsible for oscillation formations in the absence of considerable horizontal or vertical curves, whereas oscillations formed spontaneously near roadside work on an uphill segment. Regardless of the trigger, the features of oscillation propagations were similar in terms of propagation speed, oscillation duration, and amplitude. All observed cases initially exhibited a precursor phase, in which slow-and-go motions were localized. Some of them eventually transitioned into a well-developed phase, in which oscillations propagated upstream in queue. LCMs were primarily responsible for the transition, although some transitions occurred without LCMs. Our findings also suggest that an oscillation has a regressive effect on car-following behavior: a deceleration wave of an oscillation affects a timid driver (characterized by larger response time and/or minimum spacing) to become less timid and an aggressive driver less aggressive, although this change may be short-lived. An extended framework of Newell’s CF model is able to describe the regressive effect with two additional parameters with reasonable accuracy, as verified using vehicle trajectory data.