南京地铁列车车轮踏面非正常磨耗初析

研究了南京地铁列车车轮踏面非正常沟状磨耗的成因.对车轮、钢轨的外形、材质和硬度等进行了测试,分析了轮轨接触和制动磨损的影响,提出了沟状磨耗的原因.测试结果分析表明,该地铁车辆拖车轮踏面上的凹槽磨耗主要是由于在制动施加频度过高、轮轨接触又不均匀的内因作用下产生的.     

无轴轮缘推进器中可拆卸螺旋桨的性能分析

应用FLUENT数值模拟软件对无轴轮缘推进器螺旋桨进行水动力分析,根据实际运行工况需求确定数值模拟的基本方程、湍流模型、初始条件、边界条件、流体域以及网格划分等参数,建立相关数值模拟模型,计算出不同桨叶数目的螺旋桨在一定进速条件下的桨叶压力分布状况及螺旋桨推力与扭矩,并与常用经验公式计算结果进行比较,验证了无轴轮缘推进器螺旋桨有限体积元模型的正确性。研究结果可为该类型螺旋桨的优化设计提供理论支持。     

关于城市轨道交通钢轨选型的探讨和建议

根据钢轨制造技术的发展并结合轨道研究和设计领域的最新成果,对城市轨道交通钢轨定尺长度、钢轨质量及钢轨材质选择进行分析和探讨,并建议在钢轨选型时,应全面考虑不同线路布置特点,车辆及荷载情况,运输、施工及维修条件,建设工期,初期投资及运营成本要求等综合因素,力求使每条城轨交通中的钢轨选型方案在满足安全可靠的基础上,更具工程针对性和经济适用性.     

Nonlinear three-dimensional wagon-track model for the investigation of rail corrugation initiation on curved track

A nonlinear wagon-track model on curved track has been developed to characterize rail corrugation formation due to self-excitation of the wheel-rail stick-slip process. In this model, wagon movements were described using up to 78 degrees of freedom (DOFs) to model a three-piece freight bogie. Innovatively, the wheelset movements are described using nine DOFs, including torsional and bending modes about the longitudinal and vertical directions. The track modelling is considered as a one-layer structure (two rail beams on discrete spring and damper elements). The wheel sliding after creepage saturation is considered in the wheel-rail interface modelling. Simulation of a case study shows that the frequencies of the wheel stick-slip process are composed of the basic frequency, which might come from the combined effect of sleeper-passing frequency and one-third of the combined torsional and bending frequency of the wheelset, and the double and triple basic frequencies, which form the wavelengths of rail corrugation at different situations.     

车轮在沙地上滚动的稳定性分析

采用试验分析方法，研究了车轮在沙地上滚动特性 探索了车轮失去稳定性的机理，指出了提高车轮在沙地上滚动稳定性的有效途径，为开发轮式沙漠汽车提供了依据。     

基于磨损元素比例特征的发动机磨损状态诊断

针对不连续采样时的车用发动机磨损故障诊断问题,基于摩擦磨损原理和摩擦副元素之间的相关性,提出了基于比例特征的发动机磨损状态模糊优选诊断方法,建立了发动机磨损变化的比例模型,研究了摩擦副主要磨损元素之间在磨损过程中的比例关系,运用模糊优选理论实现了发动机磨损状态的诊断。通过典型磨损状态的油样光谱分析数据验证了该诊断方法的有效性,解决了车用发动机在不连续采样情况下的磨损故障诊断难题。     

独立悬架车辆转向轮侧滑及其影响因素的试验研究

结合独立悬架车辆转向轮定位参数的特点,采用二元二次回归正交组合设计方法设计了试验方案,并对影响转向轮侧滑的轮胎胎压、载荷和车速等相关因素进行了试验研究。通过对试验数据进行回归处理,得到了侧滑量与转向轮定位参数间的定量映射关系,并对其进行了回归系数、回归方程的显著性检验和失拟检验。结合汽车动力学相关理论对试验研究结果进行了分析。     

Modelling of wheels and rail discontinuities in dynamic wheel-rail contact analysis

A classification of wheel-rail contact is given. Difference is made between modelling of a running wheel with continuous single-point-contact, as is common practice in wheel-rail contact analysis, and a wheel with transient double- or multi-point-contact, which may occur for rail irregularities with curvatures larger than that of the wheel circumference. It is shown that application of the first model for these irregularities will strongly underestimate the contact forces as it does not describe occurring mechanisms correctly. Further, it is shown that in principle it is not possible to describe the second type of contact fully correct with a lumped wheel model. Both wheel models are formulated mathematically for some basic contact cases. Afterwards, results are applied to a linear track model. Analytical closed-form solutions are found in the frequency domain for arbitrary type of contact and numerically transformed to the time domain. Finally, the necessity is shown to avoid situations where transient multiple-point-contact may occur (like rail joints) in practice.     

汽车防抱死制动系统轮速传感器信号处理

本文研究了汽车防抱死制动系统轮速传感器信号的处理问题。在对变磁阻激励式轮速传感器的工作特性进行试验研究的基础上，提出了对轮速传感器信号处理电路的要求，设计出了由两级迟滞比较器＋低通滤波构成的信号处理电路。对电路进行了仿真和试验研究。研究结构显示，这种轮速信号处理电路工作可靠、抗干扰能力强。在较低车速下（〈３ｋｍ／ｈ）仍能准确地测量车速。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle

This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation on the derailment of a railway wheelset with solid axle. Tests were carried out under quasi-steady-state conditions, on a full-scale roller rig, and allowed to point out the effect of different parameters like the wheelset's angle of attack and the ratio between the vertical loads acting on the flanging and non-flanging wheels. On the basis of the test results, some existing derailment criteria are analysed in this paper and two new criteria are proposed. A model of wheel–rail contact is proposed for the mathematical modelling of the flange climb process, and numerical vs. experimental comparisons are used to obtain model validation.