有碴轨道下沉变形参数影响分析

为理解轨道下沉变形产生与发展机理及主要影响参数,以道床下沉为例,运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论和轨道下沉变形法则,借助已开发的仿真分析程序,分析了运营条件与轨道结构参数对道床下沉变形的影响。分析结果表明:车辆运行速度、车辆轴载、线路运量是轨道下沉破坏主要控制因素;采用重型钢轨、大截面尺寸轨枕和重质道碴可以降低道床下沉量;轨枕间距大,道床弹性模量高,不利于道床下沉变形的控制;当路基K30模量小于90MPa.m-1时,道床下沉量随着K30值的增加而增大,当K30值大于90MPa.m-1时,随着K30值的增加道床下沉量反而降低。可见,为了阻止有碴轨道下沉变形,应注重轨道结构参数的匹配,合理安排运输。     

两万吨组合列车制动特性

为了减小重载列车纵向冲动,提高列车制动特性的同步性,利用基于空气流动理论的空气制动仿真系统,计算了列车制动系统的制动管路和各缸室的瞬态气体状态,获得制动系统动态特性,预测了两万吨组合列车的紧急制动与常用制动特性,分析了制动波的传递特性。计算结果表明:两组合列车可以缩小最大制动时间差50%,如果在两组合列车尾部配置机车,最大制动时间差可以缩小75%,四组合列车最大制动时间差可以缩小75%;紧急制动波速等速前后传递,常用制动时向前传递的制动波波速要比向后传递的制动波波速小。可见,组合列车是一种改善列车制动同步性的理想方式。     

基于Cruise自卸车动力经济性仿真分析与优化

动力性、经济性是评价车辆性能的重要指标,也是产品开发过程中需要重点考虑的内容。针对某款重卡车的动力性、经济性,利用AVL的计算分析软件Cruise进行仿真分析,并将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,结果吻合较好。在此模型基础上,对拓展车型的多种匹配方案进行优化分析计算,并确定最佳方案。     

大城市实施BRT效果仿真评价研究

BRT是解决大城市交通拥堵问题、实现城市可持续发展的一项重要措施.基于系统动力学理论,建立了土地利用与交通系统关系模型,并采用上海市出行人次实际数据和拟合数据的对比,验证了模型的有效性;采用所建立的土地利用与交通系统关系模型进行预测,得出当前发展趋势下不采取任何措施和实施BRT措施的未来年路网服务水平指标,通过比较BRT方式在吸引不同比例客流情况下地面客流重新分配后路网服务水平的变化,对BRT的实施效果进行仿真评价.     

路基压实质量连续动态监控技术

为了解决粗粒土路基压实质量较难控制的问题，在分析了已有连续压实质量控制方法的基础上，提出了以连续测试路基结构抗力变化信息为特色的动力学监控方法。根据压实机具与路基结构相互作用的动力学分析，以振动压路机为测试对象，采用系统识别原理和动态测试技术，通过对压实机具与路基结构相互作用的连续测试，得到了能反映结构压实状态变化的抗力信息。以路基结构在形成过程中抗力的变化来评价压实状态的变化，实现了在压实过程中连续实时的质量监控。该方法不同于国外流行的压实计谐波比的评价方法，适用范围更广，现场操作方便，更适用于粗粒土的压实质量监控。     

多刚体系统动力学在汽车转向和悬架系统运动分析中的应用

多刚体系统动力学是近２０年发展起来的力学新分支。本文以该领域中的Ｒ－Ｗ方法为理论基础，编制了可自动建模半进行计算机值仿真计算的汽车转向，悬架运动分析通用程度，运用该程度对大量的实车进行了计算分析，经整车和转向悬架系统的试验结果表明，用该程序进行汽车转向，悬架运动分析，所得结果准确，计算迅速，可方便地进行转向，悬架设计方案的比较和参数的选择。     

Dual extended Kalman filter for vehicle state and parameter estimation

The article demonstrates the implementation of a model-based vehicle estimator, which can be used for combined estimation of vehicle states and parameters. The estimator is realised using the dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) technique, which makes use of two Kalman filters running in parallel, thus 'splitting' the state and parameter estimation problems. Note that the two problems cannot be entirely separated due to their inherent interdependencies. This technique provides several advantages, such as the possibility to switch off the parameter estimator, once a sufficiently good set of estimates has been obtained. The estimator is based on a four-wheel vehicle model with four degrees of freedom, which accommodates the dominant modes only, and is designed to make use of several interchangeable tyre models. The paper demonstrates the appropriateness of the DEKF. Results to date indicate that this is an effective approach, which is considered to be of potential benefit to the automotive industry.     

Tractor-semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid-fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor-semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid-fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker's volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker's walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid-fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

CF4G27降高型发动机进气歧管的设计

运用气体动力学原理 ,结合计算机辅助设计 (CAD)方法设计了CF4G2 7降高型发动机的进气歧管。经气道试验和装车试验验证 ,功率和扭矩的降低值在预期范围内。改进设计后的进气歧管提高了CF4G2 7发动机的适用性 ,且广泛适用于 4 95Q汽油机。     

车辆控制系统集成开发系统

本文介绍了一种新型的集成开发系统，该系统将模拟计算、实时硬件仿真和实车试验巧妙地放置在同一台微机内，利用微机软、硬件功能、实现了从模拟到样机全过程的高效开发，采用ＶｉｓｕａｌＢａｓｉｃ语言实现了模块化编程，程序在不同的模拟试验条件下具有可重用性，最后给出了一个车辆防抱死系统模拟试验的实便，验证了该系统的实用性与高效性。