车辆轮胎动力学仿真模型分析

分析了各种常用轮胎模型的特点和利用范围,介绍了ADAMS中轮胎试验台(tiretesting)这一轮胎参数可视化工具,利用这一工具分析比较一种物理轮胎模型与一种经验-半经验轮胎模型间关于侧向力与纵向力、纵向力与纵向滑移率、回正力矩与纵向滑移率的力学特性,针对一种魔术公式轮胎模型验证了侧向力和纵向滑移率、纵向力和纵向滑移率在不同载荷下的力学关系特性。     

控制臂改进型麦弗逊悬架运动学性能研究

利用多体动力学理论,在虚拟样机仿真软件ADAMS/Car中建立了传统型麦弗逊悬架及控制臂改进型麦弗逊悬架模型.通过运动学仿真计算可知、在车轮上、下跳动过程中,改进型麦弗逊悬架使车轮外倾角、车轮前束、主销内倾角,车轮转角、抬头量和点头量的变化范围更小,主销后倾角变化范围稍大,更有利于操纵稳定;与传统型麦弗逊悬架相比,控制臂改进型麦弗逊悬架运动学性能有明显提高.     

高速车辆动态脱轨临界状态评判方法

针对传统准静态脱轨系数指标监测高速车辆动态脱轨安全性时的局限性,提出基于车轮抬升量和轮对横移量、以轮对运动姿态决定的脱轨临界状态判断准则;建立高速车辆多刚体动力学模型,分析高速车辆动态脱轨非线性动力学特性,研究轮对运动姿态与车辆振动响应变化规律之间的关系,表明轮对横向振动加速度与车轮抬升量规律较一致;运用高速车辆动态脱轨评判方法进行评判时,首先采用轮对横向振动加速度移动均方根值作为评判车辆脱轨的指标,然后确定该指标能有效反映车轮抬升量变化时的滤波频率范围和滤波时间窗宽,最后确定该指标的合理限值。算例验证表明:该评判方法可有效监测动态脱轨安全性;轮对横向振动加速度移动均方根统计波形与车轮抬升量的变化趋势具有很高的同步性,不仅可以间接地反映轮对运动姿态的变化及车轮抬升的高度,还可以克服轮轨垂向力为零时脱轨系数失真的缺点,在评判高频动态脱轨时的可靠性更高。     

径向转向架DF8B机车垂向异常振动分析

针对DF8B机车采用引进径向转向架技术后出现的垂向振动加速度超标问题,分析比较机车实测振动频率成份和悬挂系统的频率响应特性,通过对悬挂参数和转向架结构的分析,确定产生这一问题的根源在于转向架随动式制动装置的布置方式,当轮对受到线路轨缝垂向冲击激励时,该装置的摩擦副不能顺畅滑动,使一系垂向弹簧两端瞬间形成刚性连接,导致机车产生非正常垂向振动。由简化模型计算表明,在摩擦副的作用下,机车车体的垂向频率响应发生了变化,在6 Hz有一个响应峰值,这就使机车8.4 Hz的一阶垂弯振动较易激起,如果去掉该摩擦副,则试验中得到的8.4 Hz的较大响应可望消除。     

钢轨波浪形磨损研究

钢轨波浪形磨损（简称钢轨波磨）是车辆与轨道结构激烈振动并产生噪声的主要因素之一，不仅影响旅客乘坐舒适度和装运货物的完好，而且缩短结构部件的使用寿命。结合试验，采用车辆一轨道耦合动力学理论、轮轨三维非赫兹滚动接触理论、材料摩擦磨损理论和塑性理论，研究钢轨波浪形磨损的形成和发展机理。主要研究内容如下。     

Analysis of dynamic response of the high-speed EMS maglev vehicle/guideway coupling system with random irregularity

A new dynamic model of a high-speed EMS maglev vehicle/guideway interaction is presented. The model considers the vehicle and the guideway as an integral system and couples vertical interaction with lateral interaction. The vehicle subsystem is modeled as a multi-body system, which runs on the guideway with a constant velocity. The guideway substructure is modeled as an elastic beam. The attractive magnetic forces between vehicle and guideway are decided by controller, observer, and filter. A special simulation program is developed. Numerical results of the program are compared with test results. The results show that the coupling model is appropriate and the simulation program is credible primarily. Applications of coupling model to the investigation of the effect of irregularities on maglev system are reported at the end of the paper. The studies in this paper can be used to evaluate and optimize dynamic performances of the high-speed EMS maglev system.     

稳定土拦和机转鼓反转工作过程的动力学理论模型

在试验的基础上对稳定土拌和机转鼓的转切削土壤的工作过程的的各个阶段作了分析，采用数学－物理模拟的方法，建立了相应的动力学理论模型。     

发动机水套方案优选

某涡轮增压发动机开发过程中,出现了缸垫黏结、机油积炭、缸孔轻微拉伤等过热问题。针对这些问题制订了5个发动机水套优化方案,然后通过制造工艺性、制造经济性、发动机可靠性、CAE计算结果多方面综合评估,优选出2个相对较好的方案。对优选出的方案进行样件试制、试验测试,确认优化效果。结合试验测试结果,确定出最终工程实施的技术方案。最终通过台架耐久性测试及试验后发动机拆解分析,确认过热问题得到解决。     

Study of damaged ship motions taking into account floodwater dynamics

This paper presents an application of shallow water theory to describe the motion of floodwater inside a rolling ship in damage condition. The time domain theoretical approach to the coupled problems of ship and water inside compartment motions is briefly described, including the method used to solve for the water motion characteristics and forces exerted on the ship. This approach is applied to the study of the behaviour of a passenger Ro–Ro ship in regular beam seas and numerical results are given for the intact and damaged conditions. Comparison is made with experimental results. For the damaged condition, the characteristics of the floodwater motion are studied in the time domain for a number of different wave frequencies. The shape of the free-surface and phase of water motion in relation to the ship roll motion are shown for several wave frequencies. The dynamic floodwater roll moment is also shown and compared with the static roll moment (flat horizontal free surface), allowing the conclusion that the dynamic roll moment is much larger than the static roll moment, for high wave frequencies, and is in phase opposition in relation to the roll motion.