On vehicle/track impact at connection between a floating slab and ballasted track and floating slab track's effectiveness of force isolation

When a vehicle runs over the connection between a floating slab track (FST) and ballasted track, wheel/rail impact may occur because of the stiffness difference in the two kinds of track, and thus a transition sector is usually included at the connection to smoothen the stiffness change. This phenomenon is studied by numerical simulation using a time-domain model for an idealised case without such a transition to determine whether it is actually necessary. Calculation results show that the wheel/rail impact load is moderate for a light FST and increases with the vehicle speed or decreasing the natural frequency of the FST. From simulation the wheel/rail parametric excitation is observed, as a result of variation in the stiffness of the FST with the period of the single slab length. The wheel/rail load due to the parametric excitation also increases with the vehicle speed. In addition, good performance of vibration isolation can be seen for the FST in terms of the force transmitted to the infrastructure.     

平潭海峡大桥船舶交通管理系统管理程度研究

平潭海峡是中小型船舶东北季风盛行季节北上的黄金水道。近年来随着国民经济的快速增长,沿海航运业得到迅猛发展,海峡船舶密度明显增大。平潭海峡大桥位于平潭海峡中部,桥区通航孔附近每小时最大交通量为17艘,出现船舶追越局面的可能性较大。海峡碍航物多,水流复杂,且小型船舶违规、违章航行现象较普遍,存在一定的安全隐患。定量分析桥区船舶交通危险,进行科学的船舶交通管理系统成本与效益分析,恰当划分与确定船舶交管系统等级,使系统的建设规模符合当地船舶交通的实际需要,力求取得较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

A study on the effect of different tyre imperfections on steering wheel vibration

Multibody dynamics and tyre models have made possible detailed analysis not only for ride and handling, but also for determining their effects on tyre nonuniformities. The aim of this paper is to analyse the steering wheel vibration, both shimmy and shake, excited by different tyre imperfections by using the commercial simulation package ADAMS/car 2005R2 and FTire. Different settings with respect to imperfection locations, amount, and the combined effects of defects have been studied. An interesting beat phenomenon is observed when all the wheels have imperfections. A procedure to determine the type of imperfections in the tyre from the results of the test rig has also been proposed.     

斜拉索风雨振研究现状和尚待解决的问题

斜拉索风雨振严重威胁斜拉桥的安全，是研究热点之一。综合叙述了风雨振的危害，介绍了包括现场观测、风洞试验、理论分析、数值流体计算等研究方法，说明了风雨振发生的可能机理，介绍了现有的控制振动的措施，以及尚待解决的问题，为该问题的进一步解决提供参考。     

轨下垫板刚度的时变特性及其影响研究

以WJ7-A型轨下垫板为对象,测试轨下胶垫刚度随服役时间的变化,分析垫板刚度的时变特性;然后以此为基础,建立车辆-轨道垂向耦合动力学模型,研究轨下胶垫时变特性对轮轨随机振动响应的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着服役时间的增长,轨下橡胶垫板的刚度将增大,2年后垫板刚度的增幅为13.91%;随着运营时间的增长,车体振动加速度变化微弱;轮轨力及扣件力的第二主频幅值增大并向高频移动,且扣件力变化更显著,线路运营2年时间后,扣件力第二主频向高频移动7.4 Hz,幅值增幅达到53.80%。建议定期抽样测试轨下胶垫刚度并及时更换性能老化垫板,降低轮轨垂向力和扣件力。     

城市轨道交通运营引起建筑物内振动超标治理研究

通过对隧道内、地面和建筑物内的振动测试,研究轨道结构形式、受振建筑与地铁线路距离、地层振动特性以及车辆状态对青岛嘉园居民区建筑物环境振动的影响。结果表明:造成青岛嘉园振动超标的原因是地铁列车运行引起的近场建筑物受迫振动,下行线梯形轨枕轨道起到了较好的减振作用,其引起的环境振动在标准限值内;上行线DTⅥ2扣件引起环境振动较下行线约大6 d B,且超过标准限值。在分析振动超标原因的基础上,提出了限速运行、扣件改造、分级提速的治理措施,最终将青岛嘉园建筑物环境振动控制在"特殊住宅区"65 d B的振动限值之内,解决了北京地铁大兴线青岛嘉园振动扰民问题。     

公路交通引起的地下深层土体振动实测及其衰减分析

为了研究公路交通荷载引起的振动随深度的衰减规律,分别对深度为5.5 m.19.5 m、34.5 m.39.5 m的孔中测点以及孔口附近地面测点进行了位移振动同步测试,并在时域和频域上分别对有车工况和无车工况下的实测数据进行了分析。结果表明:随着深度的增加,交通振动中的高频部分会迅速衰减.低频部分则衰减缓慢,铅垂方向位移衰减因子相比水平方向衰减因子衰减得更快;有车工况下,铅垂方向位移幅值在深度39.5 m处仅为地面的15%.振动衰减已很明显。     

动荷载作用下钢结构涂装的累积损伤机理与量化模型

为研究动荷载作用下公路钢桥涂装层与基体间的协同变形和破坏机制,开发了钢结构涂装层试件的动荷载试验系统,研究了疲劳荷载作用下涂层的破坏模式、附着力、弹性厚度、应变等随循环加载次数的发展规律。结合涂层破坏模式和发展规律,构建了涂层疲劳累积损伤度的计算模型,提出了基于损伤度的涂层破坏分级方法,并结合试验结果进行了验证。结果表明:疲劳荷载将引起涂层的附着力下降、弹性厚度降低和应变松弛,进而导致涂层出现附着破坏、内聚破坏及其组合。涂层附着损伤度是涂层损伤的主要因素,且随加载次数持续增大,当加载次数较大时内聚损伤贡献突出。试验涂装体系在22万次应力循环后附着损伤度最大为0.34,内聚损伤度最大为0.27,总损伤度达0.61,属于严重损伤。提出的损伤度模型及破坏分级方法与试验规律吻合良好,可应用于公路钢桥涂装层受动荷载作用下的寿命预测。     

船舶齿轮箱用磁流变弹性体动力吸振器的仿真研究

船舶齿轮箱是船舶动力装置的重要传动装置,同时齿轮箱振动又是船舶振动的主要振源之一。因此,对其安装有效的吸振装置很有必要。本文设计了一款用于齿轮箱吸振的磁流变弹性体动力吸振器模型,通过ANSYS软件对其进行不同激励电流下的模态分析和热力学分析。结果表明,该吸振器拥有较宽的移频特性,能够有效控制齿轮箱的振动,同时该模型在强制对流工况下工作性能较好。     

Parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence for shock resistance of double-stage vibration isolation system with limiters北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］For marine nuclear power plants, the relative displacement of the pump supported by a vibration isolation system should be strictly restricted. In order to improve the shock resistance of a vibration isolation system with displacement limiters, the parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence are studied. ［Methods］The theoretical model of a double-stage vibration isolation system with typical limiter parameters is established, the analysis of the shock response characteristics of the system is carried out using the direct integration method, the optimal limiter parameters are obtained using a genetic algorithm, and the influence of parameter deviation on the shock resistance of the system is studied. ［Results］Limiter parameters significantly affect the shock response characteristics of the vibration isolation system. The optimal limiter parameters improve the shock resistance of the system, but parameter deviation has a great influence on shock resistance. Based on the influence of parameter deviation, a deviation control strategy is proposed in which the elastic parameter should have a positive deviation and the gap parameter a negative deviation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively alleviate the shock resistance degradation caused by deviation.［Conclusions］The results of this study can be used to guide the design, manufacturing and variation control of limiters for vibration isolation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.