对简支斜梁桥荷载横向分布系数计算模型的改善

以文献[2]中的刚性横梁法理论公式为依据,并在离散图中引入了附加水平刚臂,从而建立了改善的斜梁桥荷载横向分布系数的计算模型。按本文模型对一座桥例进行了计算,其结果与按文献[2]的理论分析值完全吻合。此外,模型还可以推广应用到需要计入中横梁弹性变形影响的荷载横向分布分析的问题上。因此,它对设计人员来说,是十分具有实用意义的。     

土工布沥青加铺层改造旧水泥混凝土路面的研究

介绍在旧水泥混凝土路面上加铺沥青面层时,应用土工布防治沥青路面反射裂缝的关键技术。     

城市轨道交通桥梁列车制动力试验研究

为研究城市轨道交通桥梁列车制动力及其传递规律,在某新建高架标准跨槽形梁上进行列车制动试验,得到车体最大减速度、有效制动力及钢轨附加力。测试结果显示:钢轨制动附加力远小于高速铁路无缝线路桥梁,且上部结构采用槽形梁可显著减小挠曲附加力;最大轨面制动力率为0.13,有效制动力率为0.10,轨面制动力率按现行规范取0.15偏于安全。建立梁轨相互作用有限元模型,计算试验荷载下钢轨附加力,将测试值与理论计算值进行比较,二者吻合较好。计算结果表明:有效制动力率随墩顶纵向刚度增大而增大,对常用跨度简支梁,有效制动力率可从0.09～0.15范围内选取。     

预应力砼梁开裂截面压应力计算的简化方法

根据预应力砼梁再开裂正截面预应力钢筋的应力计算经验公式,推导梁正截面首次开裂后再开裂过程中中性轴位置和受压区边缘砼正应力的计算新方法,其间考虑了预应力砼梁正截面首次开裂以及疲劳荷载重复作用对钢筋和砼应力增长的影响,并通过算例对新方法与现有方法的计算结果进行比较,验证了新方法的简便合理性.     

沉入式无底圆筒结构基底压力试验研究

采用模型试验,以实测筒内、外土压力和筒底压力为依据,探讨内填料和地基土与圆筒筒壁间摩阻力的调整及其变化规律。在此基础上,提出了沉入式无底圆筒结构基底压力的计算方法。     

高地应力软岩隧道施工动态控制与优化研究

根据兰渝铁路毛羽山隧道出口开挖过程中出现严重大变形的工程实例,利用FLAC3D建立三维数值模型,对不同台阶长度、仰拱闭合时机、锚杆长度以及二次衬砌浇筑时机的隧道施工进行了动态模拟。计算结果表明:台阶长度对大变形控制至关重要,应尽可能减小上台阶长度,采用超短台阶法施工;仰拱对于挤压性围岩隧道大变形控制具有显著的效果,应尽早封闭成环;随着锚杆长度的增加,隧道变形逐渐减小,但是当其长度大于8m时,再增加锚杆长度对控制大变形所起作用不明显;开挖后立即施作二次衬砌,可有效控制围岩蠕变变形。     

不同埋深铁路隧道仰拱受力特征研究

以董志塬区银西高铁黄土隧道为例,对不同埋深条件下隧道仰拱的基底接触压力和钢拱架应力随时间的变化规律、空间分布特征及其差异性进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,浅埋隧道基底接触压力变化时间较深埋隧道略长;不同埋深隧道仰拱处最小基底接触压力均出现在拱底中心处,最大基底接触压力均出现在拱脚处,且同一部位浅埋隧道基底接触压力明显大于深埋隧道基底接触压力;在仰拱的同一部位处,深埋隧道钢拱架应力明显大于浅埋隧道钢拱架应力;仰拱部位钢拱架承受压应力为主,浅埋黄土隧道仰拱部位的钢拱架最大压应力出现在拱底中心,可达约12MPa;而深埋隧道拱脚部位的钢拱架压应力最大,可达26～33MPa。研究结果可为黄土隧道仰拱设计优化与施工提供参考。     

Weld toe versus root fatigue failure mode and governing parameters: A study of aluminum alloy load-carrying fillet joints

In load-carrying fillet welded connections, two fatigue failure modes are possible i.e. weld toe cracking and weld root cracking. The fatigue life associated with weld root cracking is typically much lower than weld toe cracking, exhibiting a wider scatter band, especially for welded aluminum alloys. This paper examines fatigue failure mode transition behaviors in load-carrying fillet welds made of aluminum and their governing parameters, among plate thickness, weld penetration, joint misalignment, weld material, and ultrasound impact peening(UIP). Through both experimental and theoretical studies, a quantitative fillet weld sizing criterion was proposed for avoiding weld root cracking in fillet-welded aluminum connections.     

Modelling upheaval buckling in marine buried pipelines by coupling the shear stresses and soft soil stiffness

Buried marine pipelines employed in the Oil & Gas industry are subjected to pressure and temperature gradients, which cand produce local high compression loads leading to the onset of upheaval buckling failure. Upheaval buckling occurs when the localized stresses across the pipeline are high enough to induce constant deformation due to the low soil restriction in the upward direction. Therefore, models to predict upheaval buckling in buried marine pipes caused by high pressure and high temperature (HP/HT) and soil stiffness have been developed based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory (EBT). However, this theory does not consider stresses and strains due to shear stresses which can play an important role in upheaval buckling failure. Therefore, in this work an analytical model that takes into account Engesser-Timoshenko beam theory (TBT) and considers the shear effects on pipelines was developed to predict upheaval buckling in buried marine pipelines. Furthermore, equations that govern vertical buckling of buried pipelines considering a plastic soil with initial imperfection were considered. Analytical results were compared with finite element models of buried pipeline and other models reported in the literature, and it was observed that analytical results fall in the range of those reposted in the literature. It was also observed that the incorporation of shear stresses in buried marine pipelines has low effect on upheaval buckling onset and propagation, but the soil stiffness has a strong influence on upheaval failure in buried marine pipelines.     

地铁保护区域内立交桥建设关键技术研究

以某地铁保护区域内的枢纽立交为例，研究了此类立交的建设关键策略。从立交选型、桥梁孔跨布置、桥梁结构优化、路基填料设计、软基处理、框架墩盖梁施工、桩基施工等几方面进行了详细阐述。通过采取合理的设计及施工策略，成功解决了立交与地铁结构重叠、附加荷载超标、桩基施工期塌孔等关键问题，可为类似工程提供参考。