新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁等效阻尼比计算方法

为确定新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁等效阻尼比的合理取值,基于阻尼等效前后复频率相等原则,利用复频率和组合结构材料阻尼比之间的关系,提出新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁各阶模态等效阻尼比计算方法.采用有限元软件建立3个新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁的动力分析模型,利用该方法计算得到该新型组合结构等效阻尼比并与实测结果进行对比.结果表明:采用该方...     

Sound Radiation Analysis of Damping Structure Based on Response Surface Method

The methods of modifying dimension and shape of structure, or covering damping material are effective to reduce structure-borne noise, while these methods are based on the knowledge of qualitative and quantitative relationship between sound radiation and design parameters. In order to decrease the complexity of the problem, response surface method(RSM) was utilized to analyze and optimize the vibro-acoustic properties of the damping structure. A simple case was illustrated to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed procedure. A structure-born noise problem was approximated by a series of polynomials using RSM. Three main performances were considered, i.e. sound radiation power, first order modal frequency and total mass. Consequently, the response surface model not only gives the direction of design modification, it also leads to an optimal design of complex systems.     

基于不完全模态测量数据的粘性阻尼矩阵的修正

在实际工程中,由有限元模型得到的计算值与通过试验获得的测量值之间往往存在偏差,为了能够精确预测结构的动力响应,依据测量模态数据修正存在的动力模型是非常必要的。本文考虑用不完备复模态测量数据修正粘性阻尼矩阵的问题。在假定分析质量矩阵与刚度矩阵是精确的情况下,通过求解一个约束最优化问题,得到了满足特征方程的加权Frobenius范数意义下的最优对称非负定修正矩阵。     

汽车车身模态分析实例研究

建立了某车型车身总成的有限元模型,基于线形广义特征值问题的矩阵摄动重分析公式, 得到了系统各阶固有频率及固有振型随结构质量和刚度的修改而变化的情况, 找到了对结构进行摄动修改的最灵敏位置。以频率及其振型为校正依据, 兼顾其他频率特征, 对车身有限元模型进行了修正。     

某类雷达车车身地板附加结构阻尼层布置优化技术

车辆的振动舒适性不仅影响乘客的乘坐体验，对于雷达车等装载精密设备的特种车辆而言，车辆的振动噪声还会影响雷达的正常工作或降低指挥官间的沟通质量。车身附加结构阻尼是改善车辆乘坐舒适性的一种有效措施，以某类雷达车车身地板为研究对象，详细研究了附加结构阻尼层的布置优化方法，认为拓扑优化设计方法是附加结构阻尼层优化布置的有效方法。在此基础上进一步研究了附加自由阻尼层的局部约束化优化方法，探讨了局部约束化对自由阻尼层性能的影响。     

全尺寸汽车空气动力学风洞相关性及修正研究

全尺寸汽车空气动力学风洞是汽车空气动力性能重要的研究平台与开发工具。但风洞间测试结果普遍存在差异，这对气动性能的研究与分析造成了一定的困难，因此有必要开展风洞间的横向相关性和修正研究，提高风洞测试结果的统一性和一致性。分别对德国和中国的两座全尺寸汽车风洞进行实车风洞测试，开展风洞相关性及修正研究。研究表明，对于同一工况，不同风洞间的测试结果存在一定差异，但不同工况与基础工况间差异变化趋势一致，大小相似，不同风洞间的测试结果能建立较好的相关关系，形成相关性线性函数。通过空气阻力系数C D 修正方法，可以减小风洞间由结构尺寸、流场参数导致的系统性误差，修正后的风洞间空气阻力系数C D 测试结果差异降低了近60%。     

Support condition monitoring of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines in layered soil based on model updating

Monopile-supported offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are dynamically sensitive structures whose fundamental frequencies may be close to those of environmental and turbine-related excitations. The changes in fundamental frequencies caused by pile-soil interaction (PSI) may result in unwanted resonance and serious O&M (Operation and Maintenance) issues, which have been identified as major challenges in the research field. Therefore, a novel model updating framework with an implicit objective function is proposed to monitor both the stiffness and damping variation of the OWT system based on the measured vibration characteristics, which is further verified by laboratory tests. In particular, layered soil was considered in the tests to simulate the practical soil conditions of Chinese seas. Different pile lengths were introduced to consider the long-term PSI effects for rigid piles and slender piles. The results showed that the variation in the fundamental frequency is significantly reduced in layered soil compared with the pure sand scenario. For the OWT systems in layered soil, the variation in foundation stiffness is negatively related to the burial depth under cyclic loading. The proposed model updating framework is proven reliable for support condition monitoring of OWT systems in complicated soil conditions.     

Modeling and calculation of acoustic radiation of underwater stiffened cylindrical shells treated with local damping

Damping materials are widely used and playing an essential role in reducing the vibration and noise of various ships and underwater vehicles. In practical engineering, damping materials are often applied over the structural surface of ships and underwater vehicles. They are generally distributed not evenly in the whole area, but locally in some vital regions. The stiffened cylindrical shell is the most representative configuration for the main structure of underwater vehicles. Therefore, research on modeling and calculation of underwater acoustic radiation from stiffened cylindrical shells locally treated with damping has high practical value. This paper introduces a mixed analytical-numerical acoustic-vibration interaction method to achieve efficient calculation of the vibration and acoustic radiation from a locally damped cylindrical shell immersed in water. Two kinds of vibration and noise reduction measures are proposed for the damping treatment of a large-scale stiffened cylindrical shell structure. Calculation and analysis are carried out for both measures. The results can provide reference for developing the technology of reducing vibration and noise from ships and underwater vehicles via damping treatment.     

基于CFD的双道超车过程气动特性分析

基于计算流体力学（CFD）中的动网格技术对双道超车进行了数值模拟，研究表明，双道超车过程中，3辆车周围均出现强烈的压强和空气流速变化，当主超车在两车之间时，流场变化更为复杂。随着车辆相对位置的变化，3辆车周围的涡形态发生明显变化，涡的变化消耗流场中的能量，使车身受力发生变化。行驶过程中，3辆车的侧向力、风压中心位置和横摆力矩均发生明显变化。绝对速度增加，主超车与被超车的最大侧向力均呈线性增长，给车辆行驶稳定性带来负面影响。     

减振垫刚度变化对U型梁桥系统振动及结构噪声的影响研究

为了研究隔离式减振垫垂向刚度对U型梁桥结构振动及噪声的影响,采用多体动力学和有限元联合仿真的方法建立基于Timoshenko梁模型的车辆-轨道-桥梁刚柔耦合动力学模型,并将理论计算结果与以往文献对比,验证了模型的有效性.基于该模型计算了减振垫垂向刚度不同情况下的桥梁系统振动及噪声响应.结果表明:随着隔离式减振垫垂向刚度...