拉之洞隧道溶洞涌泥处理施工技术

拉之洞隧道是黔桂铁路扩能工程QG3标段新建重点工程项目之一,全长2 240 m,分别从进、出口同时掘进。2005年7月1日,当隧道从出口端掘进至DK174 610掌子面时,突然发生罕见的溶洞涌泥事故。在此次自然灾害处理中,进行了综合超前地质预报,采用炮震引泥、机械清泥综合处理措施清除了涌出的填充体;制作了钢结构防护台车(并兼做模板台车),浇筑了混凝土护拱,加强了防护设施的安全性和初期支护的强度及整体性。由于采用了一系列有效措施,隧道于12月10日安全通过了大型溶洞。文章介绍了拉之洞隧道溶洞涌泥概况及处理措施。     

运用QC方法解决管片生产质量问题

武汉长江隧道钢筋混凝土管片在开始生产之前,成立了QC质量攻关小组。小组运用QC方法,严格按照PDCA循环步骤,针对在管片生产过程中出现的质量问题,进行了大量的试验、研究及摸索,并采取有效措施对混凝土配合比及生产工艺等方面进行了改进,最终成功解决了质量问题。     

公路施工项目成本管理的探讨

对公路工程项目管理成本控制的原则进行分析。结合在滨德高速公路的施工项目,提出了成本控制措施。     

基岩完整隧道衬砌环向裂缝成因分析及其防治措施

文章通过向莆铁路线七座完整基岩隧道二次衬砌环向裂缝的统计,对隧道衬砌开裂的原因进行了综合分析,阐述了混凝土结构裂缝的危害大小程度,以及设计及施工管理过程中对衬砌裂缝的控制途径,并对此提出了相应的处理措施和建议.     

地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量控制浅析

文章根据深圳轨道交通二期工程安托山站—侨香站暗挖区间的二次衬砌施工经验,分析了地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量的影响因素以及二次衬砌施工过程中容易发生的质量问题,并提出了具体的控制措施。通过经验总结,使地铁施工的管理、质量控制、施工通病防治上升一个台阶。     

乐百高速公路建设对洞穴鱼类自然保护区的影响分析

文章分析了拟建的广西乐业至百色高速公路项目建设和运营对凌云洞穴鱼类自然保护区的影响,并提出了减缓措施,为保护区管理和公路项目设计、施工及运营提供科学依据。     

Assessing the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk using microscopic data and surrogate safety measures

Due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate real-time visibility and vehicle based traffic data at the same time, there are only few research studies that addressed the impact of reduced visibility on traffic crash risk. This research was conducted based on a new visibility detection system by mounting visibility sensor arrays combined with adaptive learning modules to provide more accurate visibility detections. The vehicle-based detector, Wavetronix SmartSensor HD, was installed at the same place to collect traffic data. Reduced visibility due to fog were selected and analyzed by comparing them with clear cases to identify the differences based on several surrogate measures of safety under different visibility classes. Moreover, vehicles were divided into different types and the vehicles in different lanes were compared in order to identify whether the impact of reduced visibility due to fog on traffic crash risk varies depending on vehicle types and lanes. Log-Inverse Gaussian regression modeling was then applied to explore the relationship between time to collision and visibility together with other traffic parameters. Based on the accurate visibility and traffic data collected by the new visibility and traffic detection system, it was concluded that reduced visibility would significantly increase the traffic crash risk especially rear-end crashes and the impact on crash risk was different for different vehicle types and for different lanes. The results would be helpful to understand the change in traffic crash risk and crash contributing factors under fog conditions. We suggest implementing the algorithms in real-time and augmenting it with ITS measures such as VSL and DMS to reduce crash risk.     

城市道路横断面规划设计方法及工程应用研究

随现阶段城市经济发展的提速,城市道路和建设范围内硬化面积逐年增加,导致城市透水面缩减,易在多雨季节引发城市内涝等灾害,给城市发展和居民生活带来了诸多问题。为降低城市内涝等问题的发生,在城市道路横断面规划设计过程中,结合海绵城市建设理念,提出对应的设计方法指导工程应用。首先明确了海绵型城市道路的设计目标;分析了各项LID措施在功能、控制目标、经济性、对周边地块的影响和景观效果等方面的特征;阐述了红线宽度在12~15 m、20~28 m、34~40 m、40 m以上道路的横断面设计方法。     

市政道路标志标线存在的问题及改善措施研究

With the transfer of rural population to cities, the municipal engineering construction is becoming more and more rapid, in which the investment in the urban roads convenient for citizens to travel and transport is increasing year by year. With the increasing frequency of the use of municipal roads, the signings and markings playing the role of warning and indication expose some problems that need to be solved urgently, which seriously affect the function and comfort of municipal roads. Based on a detailed analysis of the existing problems and impacts of the signings and markings of municipal road engineering in China, the targeted improvement measures are proposed to ensure the perfection of the functions of signings and markings and improve the efficiency of vehicle traffic, which escort the safety, convenience and comfort of municipal road engineering.     

毕威高速公路某边坡变形机制及数值模拟

以贵州毕威高速公路某边坡为例,通过对现有变形特征及路堑边坡开挖形成的临空条件分析,得到坡体的变形机制为:蠕滑-局部拉裂,并已进入匀速蠕滑阶段。运用ANSYS软件建模,运用FLAC3D数值软件计算其主剖面开挖边坡在暴雨工况下的应力-应变分布情况。结果表明:基覆界限附近已形成软弱带,部分土体发生剪切破坏;需尽快放坡并对边坡进行抗滑支挡及设置排水措施,否则软弱带会进一步发展成滑面,导致坡体失稳破坏。