奉化桥体系转换流程与控制的研究

该文介绍了海河奉化桥结构体系转换的工艺流程和实施过程中的应力变形控制,以及吊杆张拉工艺的制定和选择。研究结果在天津市海河奉化桥设计与施工中得到成功的应用,为今后类似桥梁建设积累了宝贵的数据和可借鉴的经验,具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

从美国阳光大道桥被撞重建看现有桥梁防撞风险评估

介绍了美国阳光大道桥被撞毁及重建的有关情况,通过美国国家运输安全局(NTSB)公布的事故报告、AA SHTO船撞桥梁设计指南和相关文献,提出了对我国现有通航桥梁进行风险计算评估的建议方法。     

基于路基顶面压应变的沥青路面轴载换算方法

对于沥青路面设计,选用了路基顶面压应变为设计时的控制指标。利用BISAR程序,计算了不同路面结构在不同轴重、不同胎压下路基顶面压应变。根据轴载换算等效原则,计算了基于路基顶面压应变的不同路面结构在不同轴重、不同胎压下轴载换算指数。结果表明,不同胎压、不同轴重及不同路面结构等情况对轴载换算指数的影响较小,各种情况下轴载换算系数的平均值为0.986;并结合路基顶面容许压应变计算得到基于路基顶面压应变的轴载换算系数为4.93。分析结果可为今后路面设计方法的轴载换算提供参考。     

Mesoscale high-frequency variability in the Alboran Sea and its influence on fish larvae distributions

This work analyses a multidisciplinary data set including hydrological and meteorological data, satellite images, and fish larvae abundance from a high-frequency experiment conducted along a north–south transect across the Western Alboran Sea anticyclonic gyre. Four consecutive occupations of the transect, crossing the frontal area, evidenced the high-frequency variability of hydrological structures and its influence on the latitudinal and vertical distribution of fish larvae in a period of a few days. The influence of dynamical processes on fish larvae depends on the location of the spawning as well as on the larval fish position in the water column. Wind induced upwelling and/or the southward drift of the Atlantic current transport larvae of neritic species, such as Sardina pilchardus and Engraulis encrasicolus to open sea areas. At the same time, these events bring about alterations in the latitudinal and vertical distributions of mesopelagic fish larvae. The species with a relatively surface distribution, as Ceratoscopelus maderensis, were transported and accumulated to the south of the Atlantic Jet (AJ), while those with a deeper distribution in the water column, as Maurolicus muelleri or Benthosema glaciale, would be upwelled and concentrated to the north. This study shows that it is difficult to extract conclusions about the mean or preferential distributions of fish larvae when one single/synoptic survey is considered and that time evolution of hydrological structures has to be considered in order to conclude.     

一种新型制冷控制器的设计与实现

传统的小型制冷系统存在着能耗较大、测温系统精确度低等问题；在分析制冷系统工作原理的基础上，提出一种新型制冷控制器的设计思路。该控制器采用数字温度传感器DS18820来测量温度，采用模糊变频技术控制压缩机以降低制冷能耗，采用模糊控制技术测定霜层厚度。     

The relationship among highway geometrics,traffic-related elements and motor-vehicle accident frequencies

This research provides a demonstration of a statistical model of accident frequency that can eventually be used as part of a proactive program to allocate safety-related highway improvement funds. Negative binomial regressions of annual accident frequency on sections of principal arterials in Washington State were estimated using data from two years (1992 and 1993). In all, 31306 observations were used in model estimation (annual accident frequencies on specific sections of highway). Our estimation results isolated the effects of various highway geometric and traffic characteristics on annual accident frequency. Subsequent elasticity computations identified the relative importance of the variables included in our specifications. The findings show that the negative binomial regression used in this paper is a powerful predictive tool and one that should be increasingly applied in future accident frequency studies.     

不同材质闸瓦的等效(二次换算)系数近似取值的修正

现时我国铁路普通货物列车与普通旅客列车已用高磷铸铁闸瓦取代中磷铸铁闸瓦,而不同材质闸瓦车辆混编主要发生在90km/h以下的普通货物列车。鉴于铸铁闸瓦和低摩合成闸瓦的摩擦系数均受制动初速影响,所以相关的等效(二次换算)系数要按普通货物列车的制动初速约80km/h进行修正。具体修正的不同材质闸瓦的等效(二次换算)系数推荐用于编制机车车辆每台(辆)等效换算闸瓦力表及其他相关方面。     

铁路桥梁模态特性研究

以实测铁路桥梁为原型,建立了考虑土 结构相互作用的三维有限元整桥模型。对几座典型桥梁进行了模态分析。指出整桥频率和有车频率是铁路桥梁的重要特征,直接影响着桥梁横向振动和行车安全。     

一种船体外板自动成形检测方法

利用安装在直角坐标机械手上的激光传感器采集船体外板表面各条肋骨一系列离散点的三维坐标,由此逆向回归出整个外板曲面;基于空间坐标转换及误差分析理论,对比理论肋骨型线,分别对加工后外板的横、纵向成形及扭曲进行计算和判别,并作为未成形板材二次加工的控制依据。     

船舶电力系统浮动频压节能技术的研究与应用

船舶节能技术是目前研究的最重要船舶技术之一。基于船舶电力系统降频降压节能技术可行性研究,设计出船舶电力系统浮动频压节能控制器,实现了全船用电设备的总体节能。经实船节能效果试验,平均节电9.85%、节油9.53%。鉴于此,建议修改完善钢质海船入级与建造规范,以利于此项新节能技术的推广应用。