超大直径泥水盾构 穿越建构筑物的沉降控制技术

分析超大直径泥水盾构施工引起建构筑物沉降的机理,结合武汉三阳路长江隧道工程施工实例,从穿越 建构筑物前、推进穿越中和穿越后 3 个方面应用沉降控制技术：在近距离侧穿重要建筑时进行隔离桩施工,增设 注浆管预处理;推进中合理调整切口压力、盾构姿态、管片间隙,严格控制盾尾油脂压注、同步注浆压力、注浆 量和浆液质量;穿越后复紧管片螺栓,采用特殊填充材料注浆加固。同时,施工全过程进行监测数据分析管理和 信息化施工。现场实测数据表明,采用的沉降控制技术有效,可供类似工程参考借鉴。     

测量机器人在黄土地区地铁结构安全保护中的应用

以西安地铁2号线安全保护区内施工的南门广场改造提升项目及南门隧道工程为依托,对永宁门车站及钟楼站—永宁门区间隧道进行测量机器人自动化监测。通过对监测数据的分析,证明自动化监测具有较高的可靠性,可代替传统测量手段应用于地铁结构的安全监测。研究显示,受上覆土体开挖的影响,盾构隧道会出现隆起及竖椭圆受力变形。     

地下结构设计中易混淆问题辨析

针对地下结构设计和施工中各种不确定因素影响结构设计安全的问题,对设计过程中常用但易混淆的概念予以分析,给出了地下结构荷载取值、结构计算、抗浮计算方法,浅埋暗挖法通道的截面形式、初期支护形式,以及相应的结论性建议;结合现场施工过程中的各种工况,给出了盾构始发、过站、调头等的边界条件和使用范围。     

带隔板单锥薄壁方管结构吸能特性研究和多目标优化

研究轴向静载荷工况下带隔板单锥薄壁方管的能量吸收特性和耐撞性优化设计。试验和数值仿真结果证明该结构的变形模式具有规律性和稳定性,并通过静载荷试验验证有限元模型。在此基础上建立响应面模型,探究该结构不同部位壁厚对其吸能特性的影响。研究结果表明:比吸能和初始峰值力受到外管壁厚的影响比隔板厚度的影响要大。为进一步优化带隔板单锥薄壁方管的吸能性能,以外管和隔板的厚度为设计变量,以比吸能和初始峰值力为优化函数进行多目标结构优化。结果表明,优化目标比吸能和初始峰值力相互冲突,吸能比的增加会导致初始峰值力的增加。优化结果可为地铁车辆的耐撞性提供良好的设计矩阵,以获得性能更好的吸能结构。     

A Semi-automatic Method Based on Statistic for Mandarin Semantic Structures Extraction in Specific Domains

This paper proposed a new method of semi-automatic extraction for semantic structures from unlabelled corpora in specific domains. The approach is statistical in nature. The extracted structures can be used for shallow parsing and semantic labeling. By iteratively extracting new words and clustering words, we get an inital semantic lexicon that groups words of the same semantic meaning together as a class. After that, a bootstrapping algorithm is adopted to extract semantic structures. Then the semantic structures are used to extract new key words and augment the semantic lexicon. The resultant semantic structures are interpreted by persons and are amenable to handediting for refinement. In this experiment, the semi-automatically extracted structures SSA provide recall rate of 84.5%.     

First passage probability of structures under non-Gaussian stochastic behavior

An analytical moment-based method was proposed for calculating first passage probability of structures under non-Ganssian stochastic behaviour. In the method, the third-moment standardization that constants can be obtained from first three-order response moments was used to map a non-Ganssian structural response into a standard Gaussian process; then the mean up-crossing rates, the mean clump size and the initial passage probability of some critical barrier level by the original structural response were estimated. Finally, the formula for calculating first passage probability was established on the assumption that the corrected up-crossing rates are independent. By a nonlinear single-degree-of-freedom system excited by a stationary Gaussian load,it is demonstrated how the procedure can be used for the type of structures considered. Further, comparisons between the results from the present procedure and those from Monte-Carlo simulation are performed.     

建筑师在港口建筑工程中的责任与作用

结合多年从事港口建筑设计的实践和体会,从建筑师的角度,对建筑师在港口建筑工程中担任的角色、具备的素养、所起的作用、应负的责任进行探讨,综述了建筑师在港口建筑工程中的责任和作用.     

重工业厂房建筑造型设计初探

在过去很长时间内,工业厂房建筑的造型设计简单,有很大局限性。从重工业建筑造型设计的特点和重要性出发,对重工业厂房建筑的造型各种种类和发展方向进行了分析和探讨。通过对建筑造型的思考和设计,使工业厂房建筑和环境相协调。     

Route structures in air transportation—the situation in the federal republic of Germany

This paper deals with route structures in air transportation in general and describes the derivation of such structures. Based on an extensive analysis of scheduled air traffic in Germany, an overview of the situation in domestic and international air travel is given. In particular, relationships were found which permit—in connection with a number of influencing factors—to derive from the present situation route structures, which are also valid for a future year.

This approach was used for the assignment of origin‐destination‐passenger flows to air network routes in a forecast of demand and services in commercial air transportation of the Federal Republic of Germany for the year 1995.     

具有特色建筑空间的徐家棚车站设计技术探讨

为解决越江大盾构区间引起的大型换乘车站建筑功能复杂多样、使用标准高、结构型式复杂变化的问题,结合已运营的具有特殊建筑空间设计的武汉地铁8号线徐家棚站,全面探讨车站换乘方式、建筑方案、使用功能、空间效果、工程风险、结构受力等问题,并提出合理可行的工程设计创新措施; 借助提升空间、增大柱跨、通透中庭、特色装修及不同层次空间布局,打造车站高大上的空间效果; 采取合理的支撑体系及止水方案,确保长江一级阶地高承压含水层条件下的超深超大基坑的安全; 采取底板设置抗拔桩、板墙节点加腋、临时传力体系和梁柱转换体系措施,解决车站大跨度、大中庭结构设计及开孔多等结构受力问题; 创新Y型扶梯柱和悬吊天桥通道,节约站台公共空间。