刚性层深度及层间接触状态对FWD动载响应及反算结果的影响

基于弹性动力学平衡方程,进行Laplace、Hankel联合积分变换,利用传递矩阵的方法,可得任一深度处应力位移与表面应力位移关系。讨论了FWD动荷载形式下下卧刚性层埋深及层间接触状态对表面弯沉的影响。计算结果表明,下卧刚性层的埋深变化对动弯沉盆的形状影响不大,但对数值大小影响明显,下卧刚性层埋深较浅时,面层与土基模量反算结果明显偏大,基层反算结果却显著偏小。层间接触较差时,路面各结构层的反算模量都显著偏小。因此建议模量反算之前,首先对刚性层深度及层间接触状态进行分析,避免对反算模量结果造成很大影响。     

温度对于沥青路面车辙的影响分析

温度是沥青路面产生车辙的一个重要因素,通过有限元和试验2个方面对于不同的温度进行车辙分析,得出高温是沥青路面产生车辙的主要原因,建议在沥青路面设计中应该给予温度足够的重视。     

宜万铁路别岩槽隧道F3 断层突发性涌水治理

宜万铁路别岩槽隧道F3断层在初期支护完成后,由于受地表强降雨影响,突发大规模涌水,使初期支护严重变形。文章主要介绍了F3断层的涌水事故、应急预案,以及通过采取“径向注浆加固-初期支护加强-及时施作二次衬砌”等综合技术措施,有效地治理了F3断层涌水-变形段。     

钢桥桥面沥青铺装层直道试验研究

在钢桥模型上进行了6种沥青混合料铺装层直道疲劳试验和高温车辙试验，研究了重复加载过程中应变变化规律，分析了桥面铺装层疲劳开裂性能，比较了各方案高温稳定性能。     

利用“有效风能”预报航道淤积

提出了"有效风能"概念;导出了"有效风能"与浪、沙、航道淤积之间的相关关系;得出了利用"有效风能"计算航道淤积的计算公式,并与黄骅港海区现场资料进行了验证和校核,效果良好。     

基于冲击回波法识别无砟轨道混凝土结构中的蜂窝伤损深度研究

为了研究高速铁路无砟轨道混凝土结构相继出现不同程度的伤损问题,借助于有限元软件ANSYS LSDYNA 3D数值模拟冲击回波,研究应力波在轨道板中的传播速度和传播规律,采用冲击回波法识别轨道板中蜂窝伤损的深度。研究结果表明:应力波在蜂窝伤损和砂浆界面发生反射,在频谱图中形成不同峰值,通过频谱伤损定位原理可以确定出轨道板中蜂窝伤损的具体深度。     

Parameters optimisation of a vehicle suspension system using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm

The purpose of this paper is to determine the lumped suspension parameters that minimise a multi-objective function in a vehicle model under different standard PSD road profiles. This optimisation tries to meet the rms vertical acceleration weighted limits for human sensitivity curves from ISO 2631 [ISO-2631: guide for evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. Europe; 1997] at the driver's seat, the road holding capability and the suspension working space. The vehicle is modelled in the frequency domain using eight degrees of freedom under a random road profile. The particle swarm optimisation and sequential quadratic programming algorithms are used to obtain the suspension optimal parameters in different road profile and vehicle velocity conditions. A sensitivity analysis is performed using the obtained results and, in Class G road profile, the seat damping has the major influence on the minimisation of the multi-objective function. The influence of vehicle parameters in vibration attenuation is analysed and it is concluded that the front suspension stiffness should be less stiff than the rear ones when the driver's seat relative position is located forward the centre of gravity of the car body. Graphs and tables for the behaviour of suspension parameters related to road classes, used algorithms and velocities are presented to illustrate the results. In Class A road profile it was possible to find optimal parameters within the boundaries of the design variables that resulted in acceptable values for the comfort, road holding and suspension working space.     

The impact of structural flexibilities of wheelsets and rails on the hunting behaviour of a railway vehicle

The hunting motion of a passenger coach is investigated using a multibody system in which the wheelsets and the rails can be modelled as flexible bodies. By comparing the results for different model variants, in which the structural flexibilities of the wheelsets and of the rails are either taken into account or neglected, the impact of the flexibilities is analysed. It turns out that the flexibilities of both the wheelsets and the rails have a significant impact on the hunting behaviour by increasing the lateral motions of the wheelsets and lowering the critical speed. In order to investigate the impact of the flexibilities under different operating conditions, the calculations are carried out for track geometries using different rail profiles (60E1, 60E2) and different rail cants (1:40, 1:20) and for different values for the friction coefficient (0.25…0.4) at the wheel–rail contact. The results show that the influence of the flexibilities is the strongest for high lateral forces, which occur e.g. for contact geometries leading to high hunting frequencies and for high values of the friction coefficient. The results also show in some cases a strong impact of the flexibilities on the position of the wheel–rail contact on the running surface of the rail, which is of particular interest with respect to wear simulation.     

低动力作用货车转向架动力性能的研究

本文探讨低动力作用货车转向架的原理及其动力性能的计算和评估方法。首先定义9项指标,作为衡量车辆对轨道动力作用的标准。然后研究这些指标的诸因素。在此基础上总结出实现低动力作用的基本途径。本文还应用这些研究成果,提出4种低动力作用货车转向架的设计方案,并通过数值计算,同国内、外主型货车转向架对比,从而论证其在我国铁路采用的可行性。     

自动闭塞区段短区间接近轨道电路的设计与研究

四显示自动闭塞区段,车站计算机联锁一般需要3个闭塞分区作为接近轨道,当两站之间距离较短,少于3个闭塞分区时,则需要对接近轨的逻辑电路进行特殊处理。以神头站至大新站短区间为例,介绍以大新站进站信号机至出站信号机之间作为神头站的1JG、大新站出站信号机至1LQG为神头站的2JG的特殊情况,详细分析接近轨道电路的原理,并对具体工程应用进行说明。