步履式顶推跨铁路钢箱梁施工技术

结合沈阳绕城高速公路后丁香大桥钢箱梁的施工,对步履式顶推法施工中的钢箱梁拼装平台的搭设、钢箱梁的拼装、临时墩设置、导梁拼装、顶推设备布设、顶推步骤及落梁作了简单叙述,并对顶推施工中的注意事项、控制措施、控制的重难点等进行了详细介绍,可为今后同类型桥梁的施工提供参考。     

Influence of uneven rail irregularities on the dynamic response of the railway track using a three-dimensional model of the vehicle–track system

A mathematical model of the vehicle–track interaction is developed to investigate the coupled behaviour of vehicle–track system, in the presence of uneven irregularities at left/right rails. The railway vehicle is simplified as a 3D multi-rigid-body model, and the track is treated as the two parallel beams on a layered discrete support system. Besides the car-body, the bogies and the wheel sets, the sleepers are assumed to have roll degree of freedom, in order to simulate the in-plane rotation of the components. The wheel–rail interface is treated using a nonlinear Hertzian contact model, coupling the mathematical equations of the vehicle–track systems. The dynamic interaction of the entire system is numerically studied in time domain, employing Newmark's integration method. The track irregularity spectra of both the left/right rails are taken into account, as the inputs of dynamic excitations. The dynamic responses of the track system induced by such irregularities are obtained, particularly in terms of the vertical (bounce) and roll displacements. The numerical model of the present research is validated using several benchmark models reported in the literature, for both the smooth and unsmooth track conditions. Four sample profiles of the measured rail irregularities are considered as the case studies of excitation sources, examining their influences on the dynamic behaviour of the coupled system. The results of numerical simulations demonstrate that the motion of track system is significantly influenced by the presence of uneven irregularities in left/right rails. Dynamic response of the sleepers in the roll direction becomes more sensitive to the rail irregularities, as the unevenness severity of the parallel profiles (quantitative difference between left and right rail spectra) is increased. The severe geometric deformation of the track in the bounce–pitch–roll directions is mainly related to such profile unevenness (cross-level) in left/right rails.     

Influence of some vehicle and track parameters on the environmental vibrations induced by railway traffic

A study is performed on the influence of some typical railway vehicle and track parameters on the level of ground vibrations induced in the neighbourhood. The results are obtained from a previously validated simulation framework considering in a first step the vehicle/track subsystem and, in a second step, the response of the soil to the forces resulting from the first analysis. The vehicle is reduced to a simple vertical 3-dof model, corresponding to the superposition of the wheelset, the bogie and the car body. The rail is modelled as a succession of beam elements elastically supported by the sleepers, lying themselves on a flexible foundation representing the ballast and the subgrade. The connection between the wheels and the rails is realised through a non-linear Hertzian contact. The soil motion is obtained from a finite/infinite element model. The investigated vehicle parameters are its type (urban, high speed, freight, etc.) and its speed. For the track, the rail flexural stiffness, the railpad stiffness, the spacing between sleepers and the rail and sleeper masses are considered. In all cases, the parameter value range is defined from a bibliographic browsing. At the end, the paper proposes a table summarising the influence of each studied parameter on three indicators: the vehicle acceleration, the rail velocity and the soil velocity. It namely turns out that the vehicle has a serious influence on the vibration level and should be considered in prediction models.     

Continuous approximation for skip-stop operation in rail transit

Operating speed of a transit corridor is a key characteristic and has many consequences on its performance. It is generally accepted that an increased operating speed for a given fleet leads to reduced operating costs (per kilometer), travel and waiting times (three changes that can be computed precisely), an improved comfort and level of service, which can attract new passengers who are diverted from automobile (items harder to estimate precisely). That is why several operation schemes which aim to increase the operating speed are studied in the literature, such as deadheading, express services, and stop skipping.A novel category of solutions to this problem for one-way single-track rail transit is to perform accelerated transit operations with fixed stopping schedules. The concept is quite simple: as the time required for stopping at each station is an important part of travel time, reducing it would be a great achievement. Particular operations that take advantage of this idea already exist. This paper focuses on one of them: the skip-stop operation for rail transit lines using a single one-way track. It consists in defining three types of stations: AB stations where all the trains stop, and A and B stations where only half of the trains stop (stations type A and B are allocated interchangeably). This mode of operation is already described in the literature (Vuchic, 1973, Vuchic, 1976, Vuchic, 2005) and has been successfully implemented in the Metro system of Santiago, Chile.This work tackles the problem with a continuous approximation approach. The problem is described with a set of geographically dependent continuous parameters like the density of stations for a given line. Cost functions are built for a traditional (all-stop) operation and for skip-stop operation as described above. A simple example is presented to support this discussion. Finally, a discussion about the type of scenarios in which skip-stop operations are more beneficial is presented.     

南京河西有轨电车路基设计特点

现代有轨电车作为新兴的城市轨道交通,与地铁、轻轨、高速铁路的设计有着众多方面的显著差别,在现有路基设计理论的基础上结合南京河西地区有轨电车的工程实践情况,研究阐明本项目沉降控制标准的确定依据、地基处理方案的主要影响因素、路基结构的设计参数,为制定有轨电车合理的设计标准提供参考。     

Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution, theoretical results and their experimental verification

A combined finite-element boundary-element method is presented in detail to calculate the dynamic interaction of the railway track and the underlying soil. A number of results are shown for ballasted and slab track, demonstrating the influence of the stiffness of the soil and the rail pads on the vertical compliance of the track. The compliance of the track is combined with a simple model of the vehicle giving the transfer function of vehicle-track interaction. An experimental verification of the theoretical results is achieved by harmonic and impulse excitation with and without static (train-) load and by combined measurements of train-track-soil interaction. A clear vehicle-track resonance is found for the slab track with elastic rail pads and for higher frequencies at highspeed traffic, the dynamic axle loads due to sleeper passage are reduced.     

兰新铁路第二双线动车组选型

兰新铁路第二双线于2014年建成,速度等级为200~250 km/h。介绍了国内现有各型动车组的技术指标,对比分析了欧洲标准和日本标准两大系列动车组的技术特点,针对兰新第二双线的环境特点对动车组的特殊要求,并综合考虑各方面因素,建议选择CRH3A型动车组,对其做适应性技术改造,将改造后的新型动车组作为兰新第二双线铁路的运营动车组。     

填充聚氨酯调高盆式橡胶支座

研究目的:介绍了在遂渝无砟轨道综合试验段2座桥梁上使用的填充聚氨脂调高盆式橡胶支座。研究结果:对支座的构造特点、调高材料选择、调高工艺及填充调高前后的性能进行了试验及对比,试验结果表明该种调高方式操作方便、性能可靠、造价合理,能很好地满足客运专线和高速铁路桥梁支座调高的要求。     

客运专线曲线线路车线耦合系统动力学性能与无砟轨道结构振动响应的仿真研究

依据系统工程理论的思想,对客运专线曲线线路车线耦合系统的动力学性能和无砟轨道结构车辆线路耦合系统振动响应问题进行分析和仿真研究,主要研究内容如下。(1)基于车辆—轨道耦合动力学理论和有限元理论,系统分析车线耦合系统中各部分的运动状态,分别建立机车车辆、普通曲线线     

深水高基床防波堤工程爆夯施工工艺

文章叙述了某深水高基床防波堤的基床爆夯施工中,通过典型施工确定爆夯参数的可行性和起爆网络设计,并介绍了爆夯施工工艺、质量控制和实测效果及爆夯安全管理。