不同轨道结构减振效果测试分析

在地铁运营期间,通过对采用浮置板、弹性支承块及弹性扣件轨道的轨道结构和隧道壁的振动测试,在时域和频域内,分析了不同地铁轨道结构的减振效果,为今后地铁轨道结构设计选型提供试验依据。     

免棱镜全站仪在行车轨道检修中的应用

免棱镜全站仪无需反射棱镜而能测定待测点的空间位置,利用其这一特点,对难以安置反射棱镜的行车轨道,采用自由设站法测定轨道中心点的坐标,经过拟合中心点的直线方程,通过坐标变换求出中心点到拟合直线的距离,能直观地评定道轨的质量及变化情况。实践证明这种方法快速、准确,在类似的行车设备检修中有很好的应用前景。     

Distributed support modelling for vertical track dynamic analysis

The finite length nature of rail-pad supports is characterised by a Timoshenko beam element formulation over an elastic foundation, giving rise to the distributed support element. The new element is integrated into a vertical track model, which is solved in frequency and time domain. The developed formulation is obtained by solving the governing equations of a Timoshenko beam for this particular case. The interaction between sleeper and rail via the elastic connection is considered in an analytical, compact and efficient way. The modelling technique results in realistic amplitudes of the ‘pinned–pinned’ vibration mode and, additionally, it leads to a smooth evolution of the contact force temporal response and to reduced amplitudes of the rail vertical oscillation, as compared to the results from concentrated support models. Simulations are performed for both parametric and sinusoidal roughness excitation. The model of support proposed here is compared with a previous finite length model developed by other authors, coming to the conclusion that the proposed model gives accurate results at a reduced computational cost.     

隧道衬砌可靠指标的优化求解方法

为解决JC法计算隧道衬砌可靠指标过程中极限状态选用方法的缺陷,通过随机有限元方法和Monte-Carlo法对时速350 km高速铁路双线隧道Ⅲa、Ⅳb型衬砌进行抽样计算,得到2种衬砌各截面偏心距平均值和变异系数; 通过对素混凝土和钢筋混凝土衬砌极限状态功能函数及其适用条件的分析,引入几何优化法,以约束函数表示功能函数的约束条件,建立可靠指标的优化求解模型; 选用寻优性能良好的Global Search函数,对2种衬砌各截面可靠指标进行优化求解,并与JC法进行对比,证明优化方法的优势。     

Perspectives on railway track geometry condition monitoring from in-service railway vehicles

This paper presents a view of the current state of monitoring track geometry condition from in-service vehicles. It considers technology used to provide condition monitoring; some issues of processing and the determination of location; how things have evolved over the past decade; and what is being, or could/should be done in future research. Monitoring railway track geometry from an in-service vehicle is an attractive proposition that has become a reality in the past decade. However, this is only the beginning. Seeing the same track over and over again provides an opportunity for observing track geometry degradation that can potentially be used to inform maintenance decisions. Furthermore, it is possible to extend the use of track condition information to identify if maintenance is effective, and to monitor the degradation of individual faults such as dipped joints. There are full unattended track geometry measurement systems running on in-service vehicles in the UK and elsewhere around the world, feeding their geometry measurements into large databases. These data can be retrieved, but little is currently done with the data other than the generation of reports of track geometry that exceeds predefined thresholds. There are examples of simpler systems that measure some track geometry parameters more or less directly and accurately, but forego parameters such as gauge. Additionally, there are experimental systems that use mathematics and models to infer track geometry using data from sensors placed on an in-service vehicle. Finally, there are systems that do not claim to measure track geometry, but monitor some other quantity such as ride quality or bogie acceleration to infer poor track geometry without explicitly measuring it.     

牵引供电系统与信号设备关系的探讨

针对电气化铁道信号设备运行中存在的问题,分析了与牵引供电系统的关系,提出了改进牵引供电接地装置的建议,并对牵引回流的防护作了论述.     

遂渝铁路无碴轨道桩板结构路基大比例动态模型试验研究

土质路基上的无碴轨道在国外高速铁路上已得到广泛应用,而在我国却处于刚起步阶段。桩板结构路基是土质路基上无碴轨道的一种新型结构形式,其设计及计算还不成熟。在遂渝铁路土质路基上无碴轨道综合试验段桩板结构设计方案的基础上,对此类结构进行大比例动态模型试验研究,希望为此类结构的设计及工程应用提供参考。     

无砟轨道1-80m下承式钢管混凝土拱桥设计

研究目的:1-80m下承式钢管混凝土拱桥,为钢箱梁与钢管混凝土拱组合结构,属于有推力拱桥,该桥式方案在我国铁路上是首次采用,需要研究论证,以保证设计安全合理。研究结果:设计表明该桥结构安全可靠,性能优良,且与周围自然环境交相互映,满足无砟轨道要求。     

地铁线路的敷设方式及其与工程造价的关系

通过介绍轨道交通线路的敷设形式和相应形式的土建工程造价 ,阐明线路形式的不同对整个工程造价的影响很大。建议轨道交通建设应采用最合理的线路形式 ,以节省工程投资。     

城市轻轨预应力混凝土轨道梁徐变性能试验研究

通过4根1：5城市轻轨预应力混凝土轨道梁模型的500d长期试验，对其时随性能进行较系统的研究与分析，重点考察混凝土种类、截面上下缘应力差等因素对轨道梁徐变变形、徐变应变、截面曲率、钢筋应力及预应力筋应变等的影响。基于龄期调整有效模量法，编制步进法时随有限元分析程序，实现轨道梁徐变变形的时随全过程分析。应用该程序对本文试验结果进行模拟分析，计算值与试验结果吻合良好。在试验研究、时随全过程分析及美国规范ACI 318-02的基础上，提出综合考虑混凝土种类、预应力筋张拉方式、钢筋配筋率及截面上下缘应力差的城市轻轨轨道梁徐变变形设计建议。研究成果为我国城市轻轨预应力混凝土轨道梁的工程设计与应用及有关规范的编制提供了依据和参考。