黄河“兰州段”骚狐子浅滩航道整治研究

本文依据黄河“兰州段”水文、泥沙、地形等实测资料,通过河床演变分析、物理模型试验等,揭示了该河段骚狐子浅滩的河床演变规律及成滩原因.在得出该河段航道整治所需的各特征值基础上,确定出技术上可行、经济上合理的整治工程方案.     

板式无砟轨道交通引起的环境振动数值分析

利用已研究出的高速铁路动荷载,采用粘弹性边界,运用有限元法建立轨道-路基-大地二维动力分析模型,分析板式无砟轨道交通引起的振动在大地中的传播特性。计算分析表明:地表的振动强度随着离轨道中心线的距离增加而逐渐衰减。离轨道中心线近处,地表振动较强,而且加速度主要频段在20 Hz以上;离轨道中心线较远处,振动较小,加速度主要频段在10 Hz以下。随着离轨道中心距离的增加,加速度幅值随之减小,而且地表20 Hz以上的振动衰减得较快,10 Hz以下的振动衰减得较慢。     

双中间轴变速器副箱主轴的扭矩分析与验证

为提高变速器的承载能力,降低承载部件的失效风险,提高汽车运行的可靠性,对变速器主要零部件的承载能力进行分析与验证已成为变速器设计过程中最关键的环节。文章通过分析并利用静扭试验台架对变速器副箱主轴进行实际工况的加载与校核,进一步探究该部件的承载能力,以确保达到变速器的设计要求。台架试验方法在变速器设计过程中发挥着重要作用,是验证变速器性能的重要手段、     

Dynamic Train-Track Interaction: Variability Attributable to Scatter in the Track Properties

A numerical method to simulate vertical dynamic interaction between a rolling train and a railway track has been used to investigate the influence of stochastic properties of the track structure. A perturbation technique has been used to investigate the influence of the scatter in selected track properties. The train-track interaction problem has been numerically solved by use of an extended state-space vector approach in conjunction with a complex modal superposition for the whole track structure. All numerical simulations have been carried out in the time-domain with a moving mass model. Properties such as rail pad stiffness, ballast stiffness, dynamic ballast-subgrade mass and sleeper spacing have been studied. To obtain sufficient statistical information from track structures, full-scale measurements in the field and laboratory measurements have been carried out. The influence of scatter in the track properties on the maximum contact force between the rail and the wheel, the maximum magnitude of the vertical wheelset acceleration, and the maximum sleeper displacement have been studied. Mean values and standard deviations of these quantities have been calculated. The effects of the variation of the investigated track properties are discussed.     

An efficient approach to the analysis of rail surface irregularities accounting for dynamic train–track interaction and inelastic deformations

A two-dimensional computational model for assessment of rolling contact fatigue induced by discrete rail surface irregularities, especially in the context of so-called squats, is presented. Dynamic excitation in a wide frequency range is considered in computationally efficient time-domain simulations of high-frequency dynamic vehicle–track interaction accounting for transient non-Hertzian wheel–rail contact. Results from dynamic simulations are mapped onto a finite element model to resolve the cyclic, elastoplastic stress response in the rail. Ratcheting under multiple wheel passages is quantified. In addition, low cycle fatigue impact is quantified using the Jiang–Sehitoglu fatigue parameter. The functionality of the model is demonstrated by numerical examples.     

Improvement of vehicle–turnout interaction by optimising the shape of crossing nose

Proper rail geometry in the crossing part is essential for reducing damage on the nose rail. To improve the dynamic behaviour of turnout crossings, a numerical optimisation approach to minimise rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage and wear in the crossing panel by varying the nose rail shape is presented in the paper. The rail geometry is parameterised by defining several control cross-sections along the crossing. The dynamic vehicle–turnout interaction as a function of crossing geometry is analysed using the VI-Rail package. In formulation of the optimisation problem a combined weighted objective function is used consisting of the normal contact pressure and the energy dissipation along the crossing responsible for RCF and wear, respectively. The multi-objective optimisation problem is solved by adapting the multipoint approximation method and a number of compromised solutions have been found for various sets of weight coefficients. Dynamic behaviour of the crossing has been significantly improved after optimisations. Comparing with the reference design, the heights of the nose rail are notably increased in the beginning of the crossing; the nominal thicknesses of the nose rail are also changed. All the optimum designs work well under different track conditions.     

基于航迹偏差角和航向差的自航模运动轨迹控制方法研究

针对水面自航模运动轨迹传统控制方法的缺点,提出用航迹偏差角代替航迹偏差、航向差代替偏航角速度为输入变量的模糊控制方法。通过实船试验,与传统控制方法相比,改进后的控制方法操控性更强、轨迹波动更小。     

有限元法在重力式码头安全性评估中的应用研究

在对重力式码头进行检测评估时,需要对码头的安全性进行验算分析。文章结合某实际工程,通过建立有限元模型,结合规范中的相关公式,计算分析了码头整体的抗滑稳定性、抗倾稳定性及基床应力。研究表明,有限元法与传统规范计算方法相比,计算过程更简便,计算结果也更精确。     

长江中游太平口水道河床演变趋势与模型预测成果对比分析

分析了荆州长江大桥所在沙市河段太平口水道演变特征,并同模型试验预测的三峡水库蓄水运用后桥区河段演变趋势进行对比分析。实践表明,利用模型试验手段对该河段河床演变趋势预测是成功的,为其航道整治方案的制定和工程实施顺序提供了科学依据。     

运用操纵模拟器试验进行超大型船舶航道宽度计算研究

运用船舶操纵模拟器模拟试验的方法,通过试验分析风、流压偏角等因素与超大型船舶在航行时航迹带宽度之间的关系,提出了超大型船舶在风、流以及波浪作用下,进出港航行所需航道宽度的计算方法。