Fast-charging station choice behavior among battery electric vehicle users

This study explores how battery electric vehicle users choose where to fast-charge their vehicles from a set of charging stations, as well as the distance by which they are generally willing to detour for fast-charging. The focus is on fast-charging events during trips that include just one fast-charge between origin and destination in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Mixed logit models with and without a threshold effect for detour distance are applied to panel data extracted from a two-year field trial on battery electric vehicle usage in Japan. Findings from the mixed logit model with threshold show that private users are generally willing to detour up to about 1750 m on working days and 750 m on non-working days, while the distance is 500 m for commercial users on both working and non-working days. Users in general prefer to charge at stations requiring a shorter detour and use chargers located at gas stations, and are significantly affected by the remaining charge. Commercial users prefer to charge at stations encountered earlier along their paths, while only private users traveling on working days show such preference and they turn to prefer the stations encountered later when choosing a station in peak hours. Only private users traveling on working days show a strong preference for free charging. Commercial users tend to pay for charging at a station within 500 m detour distance. The fast charging station choice behavior is heterogeneous among users. These findings provide a basis for early planning of a public fast charging infrastructure.     

装配式综合管廊在地铁车辆基地中的发展及应用探讨

装配式综合管廊在地铁车辆基地中的应用尚处于探索阶段,为了将装配式综合管廊与地铁车辆基地有效结合,提出一种适合于地铁车辆基地的装配式综合管廊解决方案。系统研究车辆基地发展装配式管廊的可行性,从目前车辆基地综合管廊建设和运营现状出发,提出了单仓和双仓两种管廊断面模式。通过应用BIM技术对管线进行碰撞检查和节点深化设计,并在管廊设计中考虑相关附属配套设施。工程实践证明,装配式综合管廊比现浇管廊土建成本减少4%,工期缩短45%,从安全、环保、质量、工期、场地、运维等多方面具有明显优势,应大力推广。下阶段应从标准化设计、施工方面对装配式管廊进行系统研究并争取尽快应用到实际项目中。     

A cost-competitiveness analysis of charging infrastructure for electric bus operations

This study investigates the cost competitiveness of different types of charging infrastructure, including charging stations, charging lanes (via charging-while-driving technologies) and battery swapping stations, in support of an electric public transit system. To this end, we first establish mathematical models to investigate the optimal deployment of various charging facilities along the transit line and determine the optimal size of the electric bus fleet, as well as their batteries, to minimize total infrastructure and fleet costs while guaranteeing service frequency and satisfying the charging needs of the transit system. We then conduct an empirical analysis utilizing available real-world data. The results suggest that: (1) the service frequency, circulation length, and operating speed of a transit system may have a great impact on the cost competitiveness of different charging infrastructure; (2) charging lanes enabled by currently available inductive wireless charging technology are cost competitive for most of the existing bus rapid transit corridors; (3) swapping stations can yield a lower total cost than charging lanes and charging stations for transit systems with high operating speed and low service frequency; (4) charging stations are cost competitive only for transit systems with very low service frequency and short circulation; and (5) the key to making charging lanes more competitive for transit systems with low service frequency and high operating speed is to reduce their unit-length construction cost or enhance their charging power.     

探地雷达在桥梁预应力管道定位检测中的应用

对预应力管道进行定位检测,是目前桥梁无损检测技术的一个重要问题,在阐述探地雷达无损检测技术原理和方法的基础上,通过室内模型试验,并结合工程实例说明了高精度探地雷达在桥梁预应力管道定位检测中的应用,及其无损、简易、效率高、精度高、抗干扰能力强的优点,为准确评价桥梁结构耐久性和安全使用功能提供科学依据。     

基于PLC的模糊频载调节器设计

介绍可编程序控制器(PLC)实现船舶电站模糊调频调载的软硬件实现方法,采用离线计算、在线查表的方法在PLC上实现模糊控制,利用硬件在环仿真进行试验研究,结果表明,智能频载控制器具有较好的稳、动态性能。     

乾元公司铁路专用线场站模式探讨

目前,传统的铁路专用线建设模式是铁路专用线自接轨站接轨,通过区间正线引入厂区的建设模式,这种模式的区间正线受地形条件、厂区位置和沿线规划影响较大,这些影响将不可避免地导致铁路专用线建设工程投资的增加,如能根据运输性质考虑缩短区间正线长度,在接轨站旁边设装车作业站,将大大减少专用线工程投资.以乾元公司铁路专用线建设模式为例来研究铁路专用线场站模式,就如何在接轨站旁边设装车作业站,实现接轨站设备与铁路专用线共用进行探讨.     

A multi-objective optimization model for sustainable logistics facility location

This paper offers an exploratory study of sustainable facility location. The methodology, based on the classical uncapacitated facility location problem, provides decision makers with a multi-objective optimization model to determine the trade-off among economic, service and environmental considerations. Our results indicate that it may be desirable to open more facilities than optimal from a narrow economic perspective to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of transport and to improve service reliability.     

Plate scanning tools to obtain travel times in traffic networks

The management of vehicle travel times has been shown to be fundamental to traffic network analysis. To collect travel time measurement, some methods focus solely on isolated links or highway segments, and where two measurement points, at the beginning and at the end of a section, are deemed sufficient to evaluate users' travel time. However, in many cases, transport studies involve networks in which the problem is more complex. This article takes advantage of the plate scanning technique to propose an algorithm that minimizes the required number of registering devices and their location in order to identify vehicles candidates to compute the travel times of a given set of routes (or subroutes). The merits of the proposed method are explained using simple examples and are illustrated by its application to the real network of Ciudad Real.     

泡沫沥青冷再生基层力学性能的试验研究

对现场泡沫沥青冷再生基层的力学性能进行了研究,主要内容有根据泡沫沥青的性能指标确定了泡沫沥青的制备条件;根据国内对基层强度的要求和国外的规程,进行了无侧限抗压强度试验和间接抗拉劈裂强度试验,确定了最佳泡沫沥青用量,评价了泡沫沥青冷再生基层的力学性能。     

平交路口远引掉头设置方法分析

平交路口远引是解决路口流向禁限后车流转向问题的有效方法。通过对掉头地点的选址规划以及交叉口之间的协调控制进行研究,提出最佳掉头位置应满足的条件以及交叉口协调控制的相位差计算方法。通过对掉头通道通行能力的分析,提出实施掉头信号控制条件和具体实施方法。