An adaptive integrated algorithm for active front steering and direct yaw moment control based on direct Lyapunov method

In this article, an adaptive integrated control algorithm based on active front steering and direct yaw moment control using direct Lyapunov method is proposed. Variation of cornering stiffness is considered through adaptation laws in the algorithm to ensure robustness of the integrated controller. A simple two degrees of freedom (DOF) vehicle model is used to develop the control algorithm. To evaluate the control algorithm developed here, a nonlinear eight-DOF vehicle model along with a combined-slip tyre model and a single-point preview driver model are used. Control commands are executed through correction steering angle on front wheels and braking torque applied on one of the four wheels. Simulation of a double lane change manoeuvre using Matlab^®/Simulink is used for evaluation of the control algorithm. Simulation results show that the integrated control algorithm can significantly enhance vehicle stability during emergency evasive manoeuvres on various road conditions ranging from dry asphalt to very slippery packed snow road surfaces.     

Vehicle dynamics control using an active third-axle system

This paper introduces the active third-axle system as an innovative vehicle dynamic control method. This method can be applicable for different kinds of three-axle vehicles such as buses, trucks, or even three-axle passenger cars. In this system, an actuator on the middle axle actively applies an independent force on the suspension to improve the handling characteristics, and hence, its technology is similar to slow-active suspension systems. This system can change the inherent vehicle dynamic characteristics, such as under/over steering behaviour, in the linear handling region, as well as vehicle stability in the nonlinear, limit handling region. In this paper, our main focus is to show the potential capabilities of this method in enhancing vehicle dynamic performance. For this purpose, as the first step, the proposed method in both linear and nonlinear vehicle handling regions is studied mathematically. Next, a comprehensive, nonlinear, 10 degrees of freedom vehicle model with a fuzzy control strategy is used to evaluate the effectiveness of this system. The dynamic behaviour of a vehicle, when either uncontrolled or equipped with the active third axle is then compared. Simulation results show that this active system can be considered as an innovative method for vehicle dynamic control.     

预应力组合箱梁抗弯承载能力影响参数分析

为对预应力组合箱梁的设计提供参考,利用简化塑性理论对完全剪力连接的预应力组合梁的抗弯承载力影响参数(混凝土和钢梁强度、预应力筋初始张拉力、预应力筋布筋形式、转向块数量)进行分析。分析结果表明:在截面尺寸受限制时,提高钢梁强度能够有效提高预应力组合梁的抗弯承载力;增加预应力筋的数量可较明显地提高梁体的抗弯承载力;预应力筋采用折线布筋形式时,可提高预应力初始张拉值,以提高预应力组合梁的弹性承载力;转向块布置数量越多,预应力增量越大,二次效应影响越小,预应力组合梁抗弯承载力越高。     

梁桥恒载跨中挠度允许值[ft]确定

长期以来,我国桥规对梁桥恒载跨中挠度允许值[ft]空缺;一般均用活载挠度fp=[L/600]来代替。这是造成中国PC连续梁跨中普遍下挠、底板开裂的一个重要原因。文中提出设计应控制合龙前初始挠度[f0]≤L/4 800才能确保桥梁安全。     

大跨径预应力混凝土梁桥长期挠度控制分析

目前国内大跨径预应力混凝土梁桥存在的主要病害是跨中下挠过大和箱梁梁体裂缝。本文对跨中下挠过大的主要原因进行了分析,介绍了施工控制中线形控制的方法,然后用恒载零弯矩理论给一座已建的95 160 95m连续刚构桥重新配置预应力束,并对原设计和恒载零弯矩配束从内力、位移、预应力筋用量三方面作一比较, 最后提出了控制跨中下挠过大的一些措施。     

地面出入式盾构隧道修正惯用法计算参数研究

盾构隧道衬砌内力计算常用方法为修正惯用法,其计算参数一般根据经验选取。基于壳-弹簧模型,考虑接头抗弯刚度与接头轴力弯矩的非线性关系,对地面出入式超浅埋盾构隧道修正惯用法的关键计算参数抗弯刚度效率系数η和弯矩调整系数ξ的取值进行分析研究。得到结论:超浅埋盾构隧道η应在规范范围内取最小值,ξ应取最大值,负覆土情况下可偏保守取1。     

转向管柱带中间轴力矩波动分析与程序设计

介绍三段式转向管柱的力矩波动原理,并利用Matlab进行了通用化程序设计计算。与传统的方法相比简化了工作,为转向系统的力矩波动分析提供了精确实用的方法。根据计算结果,对转向系统的硬点进行优化布置,从而达到最佳的操纵效果。     

基于多动力总成的六点悬置匹配计算

发动机悬置系统性能的好坏是影响车辆乘坐舒适性的重要因素,而悬置软垫的刚度又是关键。本文以某新能源客车动力总成的悬置系统设计为例,介绍多动力总成的悬置系统的弯矩校核、系统解耦、软垫刚度计算,以及悬置系统设计的基本方法和步骤。     

盾构施工阶段管片衬砌结构受力分析研究

为了解盾构管片衬砌结构的受力特性,解决盾构衬砌结构受力的数值分析难点,首先采用ANSYS分析系统对衬砌管片接头力学建立计算模型,通过模拟载荷试验确定管片接头刚度系数,进而利用销钉单元对衬砌管片按梁-弹簧计算模型进行分析,根据管片接头力学处理方式不同,与惯用计算方法和修正惯用计算方法的结果进行对比,最后对盾构在辅助油缸推力作用下管片的纵向受力进行三维模拟,对均匀施加油缸推力和偏心施加油缸推力进行分析对比,研究成果可对盾构衬砌管片设计提供依据。     

消减波浪荷载的桥梁沉箱基础外形设计研究

基于波浪场中动水压强的空间分布特征,提出了消减跨海桥梁沉箱基础波浪荷载的方法:一是优化基础横截面外形,调节基础横截面外轮廓不同位置波浪压力的相位差,减小基础所受到波浪力和力矩;二是优化基础竖截面外形,减小水面附近波浪能量集中区域的截面尺寸,增大靠近海床面区域的截面尺寸,将基础下部的迎浪面设置为外伸斜面,利用斜面上波浪压力竖向分力产生的力矩抵消部分水平分力产生的力矩,从而消减桥梁基础上的总波浪力矩。对于大尺度矩形和圆端矩形截面的桥梁深水沉箱基础,基于势流绕射理论和边界积分方法进行分析,结果表明,相比于矩形截面,采用圆端矩形截面可有效减小基础的波浪力和力矩;相比于上下等截面的基础,采用下部迎浪面设置外伸斜面的基础可以大幅减小基础的波浪力矩。研究成果可为跨海桥梁深水基础设计提供参考。