从《内河通航标准》看某些特殊限制性航道宽度的确定

通过对国家标准《内河通航标准》(GB50139-2004)的分析和计算,找出了影响航道宽度的主要参数和变动范围。当船舶或船队的尺度确定后(主要是长和宽),航道宽度即取决于航迹带宽度,而航迹带宽度又取决于航行漂角的大小。根椐特殊限制性航道———中间渠道和渡槽的运行特点,推求出其宽度的计算方法和结果。此时仍可用GB中相同的计算公式,对于1~3级航道航行漂角取2°;4~5级航道取1°;6~7级航道取0.7°。安全距离对单线航道取两个0.17倍航迹带宽度;对双线航道取0.34倍两个船舶或船队的航迹带宽度。     

东江"博罗浅段"整治水位及整治线宽度的计算分析

根据多年航道整治的经验,结合整治河段的实际情况,对东江下游航道整治的重点河段“博罗浅段”的航道整治重要参数,整治水位和整治线宽度的确定进行了深入细致的分析研究,得出了较为合理的结果。     

弯曲航道平面尺度研究

在弯道实船试验基础上,结合已有研究成果和有关标准及规范,分析研究了弯曲段航道的最小弯曲半径、航道度及其加宽位置。指出现行有关航道最小弯曲半径的规定基本适合于自航船舶并略偏于安全,现行弯道加宽公式计算值偏小比较并推荐了弯曲航道宽度计算公式和相应参数,弯顶采用凹岸加宽既必要又可行。     

自重荷载作用下悬索静力解析解

从悬索微元体平衡出发,分别推导以悬索张力分量、索长等为参变量,考虑和不考虑悬索自重集度变化的两种悬索解析式。通过比较发现,去掉悬索伸长影响项,就可直接由考虑悬索自重集度变化的解析式缩减到不考虑其变化的解析式。在用索长表达的解析式中,考虑悬索自重集度变化时对应无应力索长,不考虑悬索自重集度变化时对应有应力索长。算例假定斜拉索梁端张力的竖向分量为已知,按以上两种情况,分别建立以悬索张力的水平分量和塔端张力的竖向分量为未知数的非线性方程组,用拟牛顿法求解,得到悬索未知参数的精确解析解。     

既有铁路线光缆割接方案及安全措施

随着铁路建设的快步发展,既有线路的通信线路迁改割接问题非常突出,为了减少对原有通信设备的影响,以邯济线为实例,对光缆割接方案及安全措施进行探讨。     

大跨度半刚性站台雨棚结构设计与分析

以长春站无站台柱雨棚为工程背景,对大跨度半刚性站台雨棚的结构选型、整体计算及非线性分析进行介绍,提出拉索与雨棚柱的合理夹角、拉索的初始力是该类半刚性风雨棚设计的关键,并应用SAP2000有限元软件进行数值对比分析,得出合理夹角范围及初始力。     

Analysis of the accident of the MVNakhodka. Part 1. Estimation of wave loads

MVNakhodka collapsed and broke in two on January 2, 1997 in the Sea of Japan, giving rise to a serious and disastrous oil spill on the coastline of Japan. During the inquiry into the cause of the accident, one of the main tasks of the inquiry committee was to identify the external loads which made the ship structure collapse. Among the several possible scenarios for the accident, after careful examination, the wave loads in the heavy weather at the time of the accident were taken to be the most plausible cause. The results of that research are described in two papers, and the present paper deals with the way in which wave loads on theNakhodka at the moment of the accident were estimated. We first describe the details of the accident such as the location, the sea condition, the loading condition, and the ship's heading speed. Then the static loads resulting from the distribution of the cargo weight and the buoyancy are given to show that the static bending moment at the time of the accident caused extreme sagging. Next the wave loads in the irregular waves, calculated by the nonlinear time domain simulation program SRSLAM, are presented. It is shown that the bending moment in the waves reaches 1 087 800 KN^*m at maximum SS 6.9, which is where the hull girder collapse took place. It was concluded that the ship broke in two because the bending moment exceeded the hull girder strength which had been reduced due to corrosion, taking into account conclusions derived from the research dealing with the structural strength aspect. We also discuss the stochastic significance of the estimated value and nonlinear nature of the peak distribution, in addition to the effects of the ship speed and wave heading on the wave load estimation. This article is based on an article that appeared in Japanese in the Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 183 (1998).     

锚索自由段长度对锚索桩内力的影响

在横向变形约束弹性地基梁法分析锚索桩内力的基础上,详细阐述了锚索自由段长度对锚索拉力与桩身内力的影响,说明了锚索自由段长度是影响锚索桩内力的一个较为重要的因素。通过工程实例分析,指出在同一加固工程中,若锚索自由段长度减小,则锚索拉力增大,桩身内力(剪力、弯矩)减小,对于桩体发挥其承载能力有利,提出可以通过适当注浆来减小锚索自由段的有效计算长度,以改善锚索桩的受力状况。     

大跨混凝土斜拉桥拉索施工期的可靠度分析

从结构可靠度理论出发，采用极值分布方法直接推导建立了斜拉索的强度概率模型，通过现场试验得到了钢绞线式斜拉索的索力均匀性指标，分析了影响施工期索力的主要设计变量的概率特征，在此基础上提出施工期斜拉索的可靠指标计算方法；进而分析施工阶段拉索可靠水平的变化规律，从而基于结构可靠度理论提出施工期斜拉索的安全性评价方法，并结合大跨混凝土斜拉桥实际工程背景验证了这一方法的有效性。计算结果表明：施工期斜拉索的可靠指标小于运营期；研究成果对于评价混凝土斜拉桥施工期的结构整体性能和安全程度具有参考价值。     

浦上大桥鞍座铸钢件施工技术

福州浦上大桥通过塔顶设鞍座，将斜拉索传来的集中力均匀分布于混凝土塔柱。详细介绍了鞍座铸钢件的铸造、加工、表面处理、涂装，以及铸钢件安装作业方法，可供同类桥梁参考。