低硒对心室肌纤维细胞动作电位的影响

用克山病区的粮食饲养大鼠,复制低硒动物模型、用浮置玻璃微电极技术,研究低硒大鼠在体心室肌细胞动作电位的变化,并与对照组进行了对比观察。结果发现低硒大鼠动作电位振幅明显降低(P<0.05),动作电位除极时限显著延长(P<0.01),而动作电位复极50%及90%的持续时间变化不显著(P>0.05)。实验结果说明低硒可明显影响大鼠心室肌细胞动作电位变化。为克山病心肌损害的病因学研究提供了重要的实验依据。     

多抗乙素对小鼠S_(180)肉瘤中免疫活性细胞浸润的影响

曾经证明多抗乙素有明显的抑瘤作用。本文以小鼠实验性S_(180)肉瘤为模型观察了多抗乙素对肿瘤组织内和肿瘤周围Mφ、L_3T_4~- 及Lyt_2~-细胞的影响,同时观察了肿瘤坏死组织周围中性粒细胞浸润及小血管内血栓形成的改变。结果提示:Pb治疗组,肿瘤周围及肿瘤内浸润的L_3T_4~-和Lyt_2~-细胞显著增多,说明Pb可诱导肿瘤组织中淋巴细胞浸润;肿瘤组织的坏死灶周围明显充血、小血管血栓形成显著增加,并有带状中性粒细胞浸润。这些改变与TNF介导的肿瘤组织损伤相符,提示Pb的抑瘤作用主要是通过免疫活性细胞产生的TNF实现的。     

原发性肾病综合征患儿T细胞亚群及其抑制性细胞活性

本文检测了37例原发性肾病综合征患儿的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和刀豆素A诱导的抑制细胞活性水平。结果显示,肾病患儿初发时就存在抑制性T细胞数量及功能的减低,并随着激素治疗及病情的好转而恢复正常,提示本病的免疫调节失衡可能是一原发性改变,在肾病发病机理中起一定的作用。     

红细胞免疫功能检测—红细胞酵母花环法的改进

作者等对郭峰红细胞C_3b受体花环试验和红细胞免疫复和物花环试验的实验方法进行改进,建立了微量实验法。这一方法设计合理、步骤简便,节约试剂、方便病人,具有微量、准确、快速、简便、实用等优点,适宜于各级医疗单位推广应用。     

Impact of phytoplankton community size on a linked global ocean optical and ecosystem model

We isolated the effect phytoplankton cell size has on varying remote sensing reflectance spectra (R_rs(λ)) in the presence of optically active constituents by using optical and radiative transfer models linked in an offline diagnostic calculation to a global biogeochemical/ecosystem/circulation model with explicit phytoplankton size classes. Two case studies were carried out, each with several scenarios to isolate the effects of chlorophyll concentration, phytoplankton cell size, and size-varying phytoplankton absorption on R_rs(λ). The goal of the study was to determine the relative contribution of phytoplankton cell size and chlorophyll to overall R_rs(λ) and to understand where a standard band ratio algorithm (OC4) may under/overestimate chlorophyll due to R_rs(λ) being significantly affected by phytoplankton size. Phytoplankton cell size was found to contribute secondarily to R_rs(λ) variability and to amplify or dampen the seasonal cycle in R_rs(λ), driven by chlorophyll. Size and chlorophyll were found to change in phase at low to mid-latitudes, but were anti-correlated or poorly correlated at high latitudes. Phytoplankton size effects increased model calculated R_rs(443) in the subtropical ocean during local spring through early fall months in both hemispheres and decreased R_rs(443) in the Northern Hemisphere high latitude regions during local summer to fall months. This study attempts to tease apart when/where variability about the OC4 relationship may be associated with cell size variability. The OC4 algorithm may underestimate [Chl] when the fraction of microplankton is elevated, which occurs in the model simulations during local spring/summer months at high latitudes in both hemispheres.     

Optimal development of alternative fuel station networks considering node capacity restrictions

A potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector is the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). As global GHG emission standards have been in place for passenger cars for several years, infrastructure modelling for new AFV is an established topic. However, as the regulatory focus shifts towards heavy-duty vehicles (HDV), the market diffusion of AFV-HDV will increase as will planning the relevant AFV infrastructure for HDV. Existing modelling approaches need to be adapted, because the energy demand per individual refill increases significantly for HDV and there are regulatory as well as technical limitations for alternative fuel station (AFS) capacities at the same time. While the current research takes capacity restrictions for single stations into account, capacity limits for locations (i.e. nodes) – the places where refuelling stations are built such as highway entries, exits or intersections – are not yet considered. We extend existing models in this respect and introduce an optimal development for AFS considering (station) location capacity restrictions. The proposed method is applied to a case study of a potential fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle AFS network. We find that the location capacity limit has a major impact on the number of stations required, station utilization and station portfolio variety.     

5-氮胞苷对宫颈癌细胞系DAPK1异常甲基化的影响

目的　观察宫颈癌细胞系SiHa及HeLa中凋亡相关蛋白激酶 1(DAPK1)的表达与甲基化修饰之间的相关性,以及5 氮胞苷对细胞DAPK1表达和生长的影响。方法　应用甲基化特异性PCR法分析细胞中DAPK1的甲基化状态;采用RT- PCR及免疫组化SABC法检测不同浓度 5- 氮胞苷干预对宫颈癌细胞 DAPK1 mRNA及蛋白表达的影响;MTT法观察5 -氮胞苷对细胞增殖的影响。结果　DAPK1基因在宫颈癌细胞 SiHa中有甲基化修饰,5- 氮胞苷干预能使其甲基化的DAPK1基因重新表达并抑制细胞生长。结论　DAPK1 的甲基化修饰是宫颈癌发生重要机制之一,5 -氮胞苷能使甲基化的DAPK1去除甲基化修饰,重新表达并恢复抑癌作用。     

人卵巢癌多药耐药细胞系COC_1/DDP的耐药机制探讨

用体外药物连续选择法建立了一株人卵巢癌多药耐药细胞系。发现耐药细胞内谷胱甘肽含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、谷胱甘肽转硫酶活性均增加，从而使细胞内药物失活增加；细胞内药物作用靶减少，拓扑异构酶活性降低；细胞内药物积聚量减少，但未见P-糖蛋白过度表达。提示卵巢癌耐药性的产生与药物失活增加、药物作用靶减少及细胞内药物积聚量减少有关。     

巨细胞病毒感染诱导移植排斥反应的机制研究

目的以人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)ECV304株作为研究对象,探讨巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染诱发排斥反应的机制。方法体外培养ECV304,施加不同干预因素,分为正常对照组、灭活病毒作用组、病毒作用组、病毒上清液作用组及病毒与更昔洛韦组。运用免疫组化技术检测不同组别内皮细胞表面细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)的表达。结果正常对照组内皮细胞ICAM-1的表达呈弱阳性,加入灭活的病毒及病毒上清液后,ICAM-1的表达仍为弱阳性(P>0.05);加入有活力的病毒后,内皮细胞ICAM-1的表达呈强阳性,积分指数显著高于上述3组(P<0.01);在CMV感染内皮细胞的同时加入更昔洛韦,细胞表面ICAM-1表达强度较病毒组并无减低(P>0.05)。结论CMV感染的内皮细胞表面ICAM-1的表达明显增加。通过诱导内皮细胞表面ICAM-1表达上调可能是CMV诱发排斥反应的机制之一。     

血液系统恶性肿瘤细胞共刺激分子的检测及其临床意义

目的　探讨共刺激分子B7 1(CD80 )在血液系统恶性肿瘤发病学及免疫基因治疗中的重要作用。方法　应用免疫荧光法检测了 76例恶性血液病患者共刺激分子B7 1及MHCⅠ、MHCⅡDR分子的表达 ,并与自体瘤苗主动免疫治疗的疗效进行了相关分析。结果　所有患者MHCⅠ类分子表达均阳性 (10 0 % ) ,MHCⅡDR分子表达阳性率为95 %。B7 1在急性单核细胞白血病 (M5 )及多发性骨髓瘤 (MM)表达阳性率较高 ,分别为 6 9%和 10 0 % ,而在粒细胞起源的白血病几乎无表达。这与自体瘤苗免疫治疗的临床疗效基本符合 ,即疗效好的M5和MM病例 ,其B7 1表达均阳性 ,而B7 1阴性者几乎无疗效。结论　缺乏共刺激分子 (如B7 1)是血液肿瘤细胞逃避宿主免疫监视的重要原因 ,可能是人类血液肿瘤的发病机理之一 ;B7 1介导的免疫基因治疗将成为治疗人类血液系统恶性肿瘤尤其是急性白血病的一种有效方法 ,具有重要的临床应用价值