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基于广州居民出行调查成果,本文从模型架构、效用函数基本形式、参数标定及校核等几个方面对交通方式选择模型的构建进行研究. 提出了方式划分的基本原则,并针对无车家庭、有小汽车家庭和摩托车家庭构建层次划分. 以小汽车家庭为例,阐述方式划分的基本形式. 进而,提出了方式划分参数标定的方法和基本步骤以及系数校核的关键点. 最后将预测结果和实际观测数据进行比较,验证模型的有效性. 本文提出不同层次交通方式划分模型,提高了模型的精度,并在效用函数中引入收入、车辆拥有和吸引量等因素,增强了模型的适用性,为其他类似城市交通方式选择模型的构建提供一定的参考.     

一种制动试验台制动力检测系统的标定方法

FZD-9010B制动试验台为滚筒反力式制动试验台,是目前用于车辆制动性能检测的常规设备。基于虚拟仪器的FZD-9010B制动试验台检测系统可以实现制动力的动态、实时检测并可得制动过程的制动力曲线。针对于制动力检测系统的标定问题,笔者阐述一种有效的标定方法,通过设计一个杠杆机构,并借助标准砝码来实现的。该方法具有结构简单、有效、易于操作和实施的特点。     

Microfluidics-based assay on the effects of microenvironmental geometry and aqueous flow on bacterial adhesion behaviors

Abstract A new microfluidic system with four different microchambers （a circle and three equilateral concave polygons） was designed and fabricated using poly（dimethylsiloxane） （PDMS） and the soft lithography method. Using this microfluidic device at six flow rates （5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 μL/h）, the effects of microenvironmental geometry and aqueous flow on bacterial adhesion behaviors were investigated. Escherichia coli HB101 pGLO, which could produce a green fluorescent protein induced by L-arabinose, was utilized as the model bacteria. The results demonstrated that bacterial adhesion was significantly related to culture time, microenvironment geometry, and aqueous flow rates. Adhered bacterial density increased with the culture time. Initially, the adhesion occurred at the microchamber sides, and then the entire chamber was gradually covered with increased culture time. Adhesion densities in the side zones were larger than those in the center zones because of the lower shearing force in the side zone. Also, the adhesion densities in the complex chambers were larger than those in the simple chambers. At low flow rates, the orientation of adhered bacteria was random and disorderly. At high flow rates, bacterial orientation became close to the streamline and oriented toward the flow direction; All these results implied that bacterial adhesion tended to occur in complicated aqueous flow areas.The present study provided an on-chip flow system for physiological behavior of biological cells, as well as provided a strategic cue for the prevention of bacterial infection and biofilm formation.     

门座起重机防风能力的提升及测试技术研究

结合实际介绍老龄门座起重机防风能力提升改造及防风能力测试技术研究的经验和成果.该成果解决了老龄门座起重机防风能力不足及防滑制动装置效果无法验证等问题.     

城市独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆加固改造设计探讨

独柱墩桥梁具有结构轻巧、占地少等优点,被广泛应用在城市立交和高架上,近年来,随着独柱墩桥梁倾覆事故频繁发生,独柱墩桥梁结构的稳定性问题越来越受到桥梁管理者的重视。本文结合南京市独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆加固改造的工程实践,对不同桥型进行加固改造方案比选,优化抗倾覆加固设计。     

Camera calibration and vehicle tracking: Highway traffic video analytics

We describe a real-time highway surveillance system (RHSS), which operates autonomously to collect statistics (speed and volume) and generates incident alerts (e.g., stopped vehicles). The system is designed to optimize long-term real-time performance accuracy. It also provides convenient integration to an existing surveillance infrastructure with different levels of service. Innovations include a novel 3-D Hungarian algorithm which is utilized for object tracking and a practical, hands-off mechanism for camera calibration. Speed is estimated based on trajectories after mapping/alignment with respect to dominant paths learned based on an evolutionary dynamics model. The system, RHSS, is intensively evaluated under different scenarios such as rain, low-contrast and high-contrast lightings. Performance is presented in comparison to a current commercial product. The contribution is innovation of new technologies that enable hands-off calibration (i.e., automatic detection of vanishing points) and improved accuracy (i.e., illumination balancing, tracking via a new 3-D Hungarian algorithm, and re-initialization of background detection on-the-fly). Results indicate the capability and applicability of the proposed system in real-time and real-world settings.     

编组站尾部停车器的现状、问题及建议

铁路编组站尾部使用停车器已有20年的历史。对现用停车器的使用情况及存在的问题进行了分析，并提出了重力式停车器的研究方向。     

铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置的结构特点探讨

铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置是大跨度桥梁的重要部件,为实现轨道的连续性和平顺性,需要具备滑动和支撑功能。对国内各种铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置的结构特点、工作原理以及各自优缺点进行分析对比,目的在于分析出国内自主研发的梁端伸缩装置需要改进的思路和方向。我国要实现铁路桥梁梁端伸缩装置完全自主化,需要吸收国外先进的技术和经验,同时提升自身的制造精度和水平。     

巧设CTC路由器ACL降低网络安全风险

铁路CTC网络均采用了带访问控制功能的路由器，正确地设置ACL（访问控制列表），将起到防火墙的作用，降低网络安全风险。在CTC网络路由器上进行规则设定，可阻挡不匹配安全规则的数据包，确保CTC网络安全。     

船用小型汽轮机危急保安器特性分析

针对船用小型汽轮机常用的超速危急保安器结构特点，从偏心式飞锤、压紧弹簧及整个保安器三个方面对力学特性和运动特性进行了分析，获得了脱扣前、脱扣后及复位过程的特性，并得出了调整垫片厚度对脱扣转速的变化规律，可为汽轮机机组安全运行提供保障。