Identifying the spatial distribution of public transportation trips by node and community characteristics

ABSTRACT

Identifying the spatial distribution of travel activities can help public transportation managers optimize the allocation of resources. In this paper, transit networks are constructed based on traffic flow data rather than network topologies. The PageRank algorithm and community detection method are combined to identify the spatial distribution of public transportation trips. The structural centrality and PageRank values are compared to identify hub stations; the community detection method is applied to reveal the community structures. A case study in Guangzhou, China is presented. It is found that the bus network has a community structure, significant weekday commuting and small-world characteristics. The metro network is tightly connected, highly loaded, and has no obvious community structure. Hub stations show distinct differences in terms of volume and weekend/weekday usage. The results imply that the proposed method can be used to identify the spatial distribution of urban public transportation and provide a new study perspective.     

IGBT模块与散热器接触界面气隙对散热的影响研究

IGBT模块与散热器接触界面使用导热硅脂来降低接触热阻,在轨道交通领域,由于运行环境的频繁振动和温度循环,使硅脂可能发生挥发、流失或干涸,从而在接触界面产生气隙,使传热条件恶化。文章通过数值仿真以及热性能试验2种方法,研究界面气隙对IGBT模块结温和壳温的影响。结果表明,在硅脂气隙产生的初期,气隙对IGBT结温的影响较小;随着气隙扩大,则会使结温明显升高,导致IGBT模块寿命降低,甚至使IGBT模块迅速损坏。     

The impacts of connected vehicle technology on network-wide traffic operation and fuel consumption under various incident scenarios

ABSTRACT

Incidents are a major source of traffic congestion and can lead to long and unpredictable delays, deteriorating traffic operations and adverse environmental impacts. The emergence of connected vehicles and communication technologies has enabled travelers to use real-time traffic information. The ability to exchange traffic information among vehicles has tremendous potential impacts on network performance especially in the case of non-recurrent congestion. To this end, this paper utilizes a microscopic simulation model of traffic in El Paso, Texas to investigate the impacts of incidents on traffic operation and fuel consumption at different market penetration rates (MPR) of connected vehicles. Several scenarios are implemented and tested to determine the impacts of incidents on network performance in an urban area. The scenarios are defined by changing the duration of incidents and the number of lanes closed. This study also shows how communication technology affects network performance in response to congestion. The results of the study demonstrate the potential effectiveness of connected vehicle technology in improving network performance. For an incident with a duration of 900?s and MPR of 80%, total fuel consumption and total travel time decreased by approximately 20%; 26% was observed in network-wide travel time and fuel consumption at 100% MPR.     

Exploring public transport sustainability with neutrosophic logic

Sustainable transportation is a significant component of overall sustainable development. Increasingly, evaluation and decision-making with respect to major complex projects (for example, transportation and land use projects), a multiple attribute perspective is taken. This paper illustrates a multiple attribute decision-making approach for selecting sustainable public transportation systems under uncertainty, that is, with partial or incomplete information represented by single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs). A SVNS is a generalization of a classical set, a fuzzy set, and an intuitionistic fuzzy set. Here, SVNSs and SVNS connectives are illustrated in the context of a ‘Public Transit Sustainable Mobility Analysis Tool’ (PTSMAT) which involves a composite (multiple attribute) sustainability index. A case study of PTSMAT is provided for the UBC Corridor study in Vancouver, Canada. As expected, similar results are obtained to the original study, though the neutrosophic formalism opens a wide range of possibilities for recognition of uncertainty in sustainability assessment.     

公路重型自卸车上装结构及技术特点的阐述

重型自卸车市场需求增大,近些年,全国各改装厂对自卸车上装总成结构件进行了一些改进,本文对自卸上装的一些结构特点进行了总结,为同行业从事自卸车上装技术的人员提供参考。     

ZD6电动转辙机底壳振动试验后的改进

本文对ZD6电动转辙机在振动试验中出现的底壳多处断裂进行了分析和研究,并提出了改进措施。     

石油管螺纹的检测技术

石油专用管螺纹是一种气密性良好、质量要求极高的专用螺纹，因此为保证螺纹的检测质量与了解螺纹的基本扣型，正确选用测量方法、掌握几何精度对于严格按照标准检修和检验钻具而言乃是至关重要的。基于对钻具、油套管螺纹检验的目的、检验内容、方法及存在问题的探讨，较为详尽地阐述了如何在工作中正确应用石油管螺纹检测技术。     

电子束加工在汽车桥壳制造中的应用

介绍了电子束焊接加工技术的基本特点及国内外汽车桥壳制造工艺。着重对国内采用电子束加工板材冲压汽车桥壳，德国采用电子束加工方形钢坯锻压汽车壳的工艺过程进行了详细的分析与介绍，还原不同焊接加工方法的优缺点进行了比较。     

温度预测补偿控制的分动器动力传递特性研究

分动器是智能四驱汽车的关键部件,由于转矩传动过程中干扰因素较多,且其中温度的变化尤为重要,如何准确评估温度的影响对分动器的转矩输出至关重要。针对这一问题,首先通过预测分动器接合过程中摩擦片、线圈和润滑油的温度变化,建立了分动器温度控制模型;在此基础上,构建了分动器试验平台,并通过从试验台获取的测试数据与前馈控制器实现温度补偿协同控制,建立分动器温度反馈补偿时滞控制系统,研究温度影响下的分动器动力传递特性。最终探明:与对偶钢片多次摩擦接触后,摩擦片的温度明显升高,对分动器传递转矩的影响较大;控制电流与分动器转矩输出基本呈线性变化,叠加反馈补偿控制后,分动器的动力输出时间减少了0.05 s,控制误差基本消失,为分动器的精准控制提供了理论依据。