Experimental investigation on vortex-induced force of a Steel Catenary Riser under in-plane vessel motion

A method to identify vortex-induced forces and coefficients from measured strains of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) undergoing vessel motion-induced Vortex-induced Vibration (VIV) is proposed. Euler–Bernoulli beam vibration equations with time-varying tension is adopted to describe the out-of-plane VIV responses. Vortex-induced forces are reconstructed via inverse analysis method, and the Forgetting Factor Least Squares (FF-LS) method is employed to identify time-varying vortex-induced force coefficients, including excitation coefficients and added mass coefficients. The method is verified via a finite element analysis procedure in commercial software Orcaflex. The time-varying excitation coefficients and added mass coefficients of an SCR undergoing vessel motion-induced VIV are investigated. Results show that vessel motion-induced VIV is excited at the middle or lower part of the SCR and in the acceleration period of in-plane velocity, where most of the excitation coefficients are positive, while during the deceleration period, the excitation coefficients becomes too small to excite VIVs. Parameter γ [1] has strong correlation with excitation coefficients. In addition, time-varying tensions contribute significantly to the variations of added mass coefficients under the condition that the ratio of dynamic top tension to pretension exceeds the range of 0.7–1.3. Moreover, chaotic behaviors are observed in vortex-induced force coefficients and are more evident with the increase of vessel motion velocity. This behavior may attribute to the randomness existing in in-plane velocity and its coupling with out-of-plane vibrations.     

城市轨道交通路基沉降与无砟轨道轨面不平顺映射关系

路基沉降会影响轨面不平顺,为了分析路基沉降与无砟轨道轨面不平顺间的映射关系,基于温克尔弹性地基耦合梁理论和有限元方法,建立考虑层间接触非线性整体道床轨道梁-体空间有限元模型,对轨道自重荷载和设计列车动荷载作用下轨面不平顺与路基沉降间映射关系展开研究,并在此基础上,提出城市轨道交通无砟轨道线路路基不均匀沉降的安全限值。分析结果表明:路基发生不均匀沉降时,无砟轨道结构在自重荷载和列车动荷载作用下发生跟随性沉降变形,且各层沉降幅值从上到下依次增大;路基沉降幅值越大轨面不平顺越明显,20 m沉降波长条件下,沉降幅值超过25 mm时轨道结构与路基间易形成脱空;轨面不平顺对路基沉降波长也极为敏感,20 mm沉降幅值条件下,当沉降波长超过25 m时路基与轨道结构间脱空现象明显缓解,此时轨面不平顺基本可与路基变形保持一致。     

线路不平顺对低速磁浮车辆动态响应的影响

线路不平顺与磁浮车辆的动力学性能密切相关,良好的线路状况是车辆稳定、舒适运行的保证。参考各国高速铁路对轨道梁刚度的要求,并考虑轨道梁的动力学特性要求,给出了磁浮列车线路不平顺的具体型式及变量限值,着重分析了线路不平顺的频率对车辆垂向响应的影响。分析结果进一步验证了悬浮控制器的设计思想,即在高频时,应保证列车具有良好的平稳性,而低频时,应与轨道具有良好的跟随性。这些分析结果为以后进一步的研究奠定了基础。     

基于虚拟激励法的轨道车辆垂向振动响应分析

针对传统的随机振动分析方法计算复杂、计算量大的问题,提出采用虚拟激励法求解轨道车辆的垂向振动响应,建立某型车辆的垂向动力学模型,求解车辆的垂向振动响应并验证模型的正确性.与传统求解方法的计算结果比较表明,虚拟激励法适合于求解车辆的垂向振动响应,并且计算简单.在频域内对车辆垂向振动响应的分析表明:随着车辆运行速度的提高,车体、前后转向架以及一位轮对的垂向加速度的功率谱密度和振动主频均增大,轮对的垂向振动经一系悬挂传到转向架,再经二系悬挂传到车体,其振动频率f降低,振动幅值迅速减小,传到车体上时振动已变得很弱;f＞5Hz时,车体、前后转向架和一位轮对垂向加速度的功率谱密度均随着一系阻尼器两端橡胶节点刚度与一系弹簧刚度比值的增大而增加,尤其是车体和前后转向架的垂向加速度的功率谱密度变化更为明显,因此降低橡胶节点的刚度有利于提高车辆运行的平稳性.     

Riser-soil interaction model effects on the dynamic behavior of a steel catenary riser

A mathematical model employed to analyze the global dynamics of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) taking into account the interaction with the seafloor and the effect of the soil reaction forces is established. The choice of soil model plays an important role for the dynamic behavior of SCRs. The riser has been modeled using flexible beam with large curvature and elastic foundation beam to describe the riser-soil interaction by means of realistic nonlinear load-deflection (P–y) curves. The study is made to improve an existing finite element numerical code for dynamic analysis of mooring lines and risers, known as CABLE 3D, which is based on a slender rod assumption. Effects of nonlinear seabed model on the dynamic behavior of SCRs under vessel cyclic perturbation have further been investigated and discussed using a realistic P–y curve to simulate soil deformation and resistance forces. The interaction model depends on several factors, such as soil strength, penetration depth and riser characteristics. The dynamic responses of the riser Touchdown Point (TDP) excited by vessel periodic heave motion are studied and the results are compared with those from the linear spring model. SCR has been perturbed by 10 regular sinusoidal cycles and the responses calculated by improved code show a number of features such as suction force mobilization, gradual increasing penetration depth, and gradual reduction of soil resistance at maximum penetration. The riser behavior at the touchdown zone (TDZ) depends on the riser top motion amplitude, nonlinear soil stiffness and suction force. The impact of the riser-soil interaction model on the dynamic behavior in the TDZ has been thoroughly studied in this paper.     

Robust Spectral Estimation of Track Irregularity

Because the existing spectral estimation methods for railway track irregularity analysis are very sensitive to outliers, a robust spectral estimation method is presented to process track irregularity signals. The proposed robust method is verified using 100 groups of clean/contaminated data reflecting he vertical profile irregularity taken from Bejing-Guangzhou railway with a sampling frequency of 33 data every 10 m, and compared with the Auto Regressive (AR) model. The experimental results show that the proposed robust estimation is resistible to noise and insensitive to outliers, and is superior to the AR model in terms of efficiency,, stability and reliability.     

神朔铁路线路捣固作业决策方法

基于轨道不平顺指标与线路捣固作业维修质量的相关性分析结果,设计神朔铁路线路捣固作业决策方法。为说明该决策方法的有效性,利用神朔铁路河西运输段2014年9月—2016年12月共计31次的轨检车检测数据以及该时段内相应的捣固作业维修数据进行实例研究,并与神朔铁路传统的捣固作业决策方法进行对比。结果表明:基于该决策方法的捣固作业策略对神朔铁路捣固作业量和捣固成本的降低效果显著,能改进神朔铁路线路捣固作业计划的编制方法。     

无砟轨道胀板病害区段的自动化评估方法研究

CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道广泛应用于我国高速铁路中,在现场的服役过程中胀板病害是其性能劣化的最主要表现之一。对胀板病害特征及其形成原因作了简要分析,针对胀板病害区段,利用轨检数据分析了高低不平顺的时域波形特征,计算高低不平顺的时域特征值,并给出胀板区段自动化评估方法,建立高速铁路无砟轨道区段评估指标管理办法。通过算例对所提算法的适用性和准确性进行验证。结果表明:高温期胀板区段单块与连续轨道板病害表征为时域波形单峰与多峰特征;区段标准差这一指标可以作为描述胀板结构性病害的依据;利用胀板病害区段自动化评估算法实现了胀板区段的定量化评估。     

图像识别技术在接触网悬挂状态检测中的应用

提出了一种新型基于计算机图像自动识别的接触网零部件悬挂状态检测算法。它与之前的人工肉眼图像判断和传统人工巡检相比,具有检测精度高、检测速度快、环境适应力强等优点。