船舶调度闸外编排算法

为了提高船闸的通过能力,优化船舶进闸调度,分析了三峡船闸船舶的平均过闸间隔时间,提出了闸外编排的概念,分析了船舶在进闸调度中的操作流程,以安全性和进闸耗时为目标,建立了闸外编排的数学模型,设计了相应的启发式求解算法,将模型的目标和约束条件通过启发式方法生成船舶在闸外的排序法则。数值试验分析结果表明闸外编排数学模型切实可行,排序算法可以生成安全高效的进闸方案,闸外编排的实现考虑了船舶进闸时间和安全性原则,缩短了闸次间隔时间,提高了日开闸次数,有效地提高了通航设施的整体通过能力。     

预应力混凝土梁超载能力分析

为了验证利用有限元法分析预应力混凝土梁极限承载能力的准确性,对T形预应力混凝土模型梁进行了极限承载力加载破坏试验,采用ANSYS有限元程序,建立了T梁的分离式有限元模型,分析了模型梁从加载到破坏全过程的受力和变形。发现利用实验与有限元法得到T梁的荷载-挠度曲线与荷载-应变曲线的变化趋势一致,并呈现良好的非线性,但是通过荷载试验得到T梁的超载能力为9.07 kN.m,按照有限元分析得到的超载能力为12.48 kN.m,偏差较大,原因是分析模型偏于理想化。分析结果表明:利用有限元法在总体上能够有效地模拟钢筋混凝土梁受力全过程中各个量的非线性变化,对超载能力的求解是可行的。     

对现行公路桥梁承载能力鉴定方法的几点探讨

随着公路交通运输逐渐形成高速、重载、大流量的现代格局,对公路桥梁的安全性与适用性提出了更高的要求.因此,正确和科学地评价公路桥梁结构的承载能力和工作性能,对于确保其安全使用、规范其技术鉴定行为和积累旧桥养护、维修和技术改造的相关经验具有十分重要的作用.     

高速公路扩建工程材料再利用施工技术及效益分析

为节省高速公路扩建工程中施工材料,可以对原本旧路面破除的材料进行循环利用.唐山至天津高速公路扩建工程破除材料全部利用再生技术,取得了良好的经济、社会效益,值得在同行中推广.     

A practical capacity model of a single track line

The paper presents a model for determining the practical capacity of a single track line, i.e. the maximum number of trains which can be run along it in a time unit under the condition that each train enters its bottleneck segment with a definite delay.

The input data used in the model are: geometrical characteristics of the bottleneck segment of the line under study, the intensity and structure of demand expressed by a number of trains which are run over the line in a given time unit, the scenario of traffic running over the line under study and the operational tactics of individual train categories processing on the bottleneck segment.

(Two tactics can be applied in the train processing on the line under study; first, the trains of individual categories are given different priorities in the processing, and second, all the trains have the same priority).

The output results of the model are average delays of trains of each category occurring within the train processing performed on the bottleneck segment of the line under study in a given time unit.     

Use of combinatorial auctions in the railway industry: Can the “invisible hand” draw the railway timetable?

Rail capacity is currently administratively allocated in Europe, whereas the economic literature has often contemplated the opportunity of introducing market mechanisms, auctions in particular, into this industry. This article tries to fill the gap between practice and theory. It first describes the properties of rail capacity (rigidity and non-homogeneity) and shows that because of its very nature, this capacity must be allocated through combinatorial auctions. As identified by the economic literature, using combinatorial auctions introduces a lot of complexity (winner determination and information burden) into the allocation process. To deal with this complexity, some form of centralized planning is necessary to design the right market mechanisms and to allocate capacity. This could have strong consequences on the current deregulation process.     

厦漳大桥北汊主桥通航孔通航能力分析

厦漳大桥北汊主桥通航孔的通航能力与其上游及桥区附近的码头建设规模密切相关.以调研数据为基础,分析北汊主桥通航孔的特点及碍航性,提出通航净空高度是制约其通航能力的主要因素,通过实船数据的统计分析,论证北汊主桥通航孔的通航能力.其结论对该桥区通航安全管理及桥区上游和附近码头建设规模的确定具有参考价值.     

船舶蓄电池的使用与维护

阐述电解液溢出对船舶蓄电池的危害,分析引起蓄电池电解液溢出的原因,探寻发生电解液溢出蓄电池的分布规律,针对船舶蓄电池的使用及维护提出建议。     

高速公路客运发展研究

近年来,高速公路客运随着高速公路的快速增长而迅速发展,其拥有安全、快捷、舒适、优质服务等特点,但也面临着客运站建设落后、运力结构不合理、运力与运量不平衡等问题,研究高速公路客运的发展措施对于指导实际工作有一定的意义。