自装卸式驮背多功能运输车及关键技术

介绍了自装卸式STX₁/STX₂型驮背多功能运输车的主要技术参数、结构配置及适应的装载工况,阐述了该车的关键技术和站场配套要求。     

船舶开孔梁局部屈曲的无网格MLPG分析方法

[目的]针对船舶开孔梁板易产生局部屈曲效应、受到较高的集中载荷作用会产生明显的结构响应和屈曲破坏力的问题,提出采用无网格数值方法对该类问题进行数值分析。[方法]首先,以问题域离散节点为基础建立其紧支函数,运用加权余量法建立系统位移场离散方程,并由移动最小二乘法构造离散节点的形函数,以获得位移函数的逼近函数;然后,结合经简化的屈曲评估法,将屈曲方程特征值求解进行降阶处理,得到更为精确的屈曲载荷因子;最后,进行算例演示,比较所提方法和传统计算方法并进行验证。[结果]结果显示,所提方法有效,其结果与原结构有着更高的契合度。[结论]针对开孔板梁的无网格法数值分析特性可为分析各种形状的蜂窝状板梁结构提供一种新的思路。     

运营高铁车站黄土路基沉降特征及原因分析

针对黄土地区某高铁车站路基沉降病害问题,选取典型区域,采用PS-InSRA技术对变形区域进行监测,获取2017年2月至2019年6月的Sentinel-1A卫星影像数据并与现场勘测结果相结合,分析形变特征和趋势,以指导后续病害治理。结果表明:研究区域路基沉降主要发生在2017年5月至9月和2018年4月至8月两个时间段,春夏季沉降速率较大,秋冬季相对平稳;地基土含水率在13%~26%之间,在地下2 m和4 m为含水率增加速率临界深度,0~2 m范围内的含水率增加较快,2~4 m范围内的含水率增加速率减缓,4~10 m范围内含水率基本稳定;路基部位地基处理影响范围有限,路基侧沟外侧地基土干密度偏小,渗透系数偏大,路基沉降的主要原因为车站场坪地表汇水渗入地基引起路基黄土层湿化变形。     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.     

Simplified buckling-and-contact-based expansion method for assessment of crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structure

Ship-to-ship collision events can have severe consequences such as loss of life and environmental degradation. For this reason, modern ship designs are required to incorporate a double-hulled structure to prevent inner-hull damage from such events. Using the experimental or numerical method to analyze the crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structures entails much effort, for which reason neither method is easy to adopt at the early design stage. In this paper, an existing simplified method called Ito's method is improved by a new buckling-and-contact-based expansion method. This method can be applied to double-hulled-structure or outer-hull-local-rupture failure mode. The perpendicular bow-to-side collision scenario is assumed for a conservative estimation of damage to a double-hulled structure. The method was verified in the present study by numerical ship collision simulations of several cases. The results for the buckling-and-contact-based expansion method and numerical simulation were similar for a blunt shape of striking body but different for a sharp shape.     

高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构

提出1种高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构,基于该结构工作状态,分析其主要功能特性,设计碾压密实高模量沥青混凝土。将全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构应用于工程试验段,跟踪监测其服役特性。结果表明:试验段轨道结构及路堤基床动力性能均满足规范限值要求;试验段基床含水量维持在8%~18%,受天气影响小,而邻近的纤维混凝土对照段基床含水量为10%~35%,随天气波动显著;试验段沥青混凝土的吸热作用,使得路肩处基床温度较对照段大;试验段路基竖向变形监测值较对照段稍大,但均满足限值要求;试验段沥青混凝土与底座等接触情况良好,无松散剥落等病害,仅在底座板接缝处有数条裂缝,而对照段出现较多的纵横向裂缝,严重影响其防水封闭效果;沥青混凝土修补方便,可维护性高。     

收费公路资产证券化定价及发行方法研究

从数据驱动视角出发，本文探讨收费公路资产支持证券的结构化定价方法。首先，构建反 映交通量风险特征的收费公路通行收入自回归积分滑动平均模型；其次，基于瀑布式偿付结构和 到期收益率Nelson-Siegel模型计算不同等级证券发债规模与息票利率；最后结合成渝高速和渝 蓉高速现实数据进行仿真分析。研究发现，高速公路成熟期的通行收入具有尖峰厚尾特征，成长 期的通行收入更兼具显著的波动聚集效应。数据驱动的定价模型能够刻画通行收入的风险特 征，合理估计优先级的证券融资比例，比只考虑利率风险的现金流折现法更具有优势；从发行方 式来看，合并发行的融资结构显著优于单独发行。管理启示是改变以单个高速公路项目为基础 的特许经营权融资，通过绩优绩差项目的合并发行优化融资结构。     

新恩铁路风沙路基平面防护工程试验研究

新恩铁路穿越毛乌素沙漠的活动沙丘和半固定沙丘。为防止铁路路基在风季遭受沙埋,需在路基两侧设置平面防护工程。根据气象风沙监测的结果,选取有代表性的路基地段,分别进行机械固沙辅以植物防护及栽种树枝沙障固沙的现场试验研究。试验结果表明:在流动沙丘段设置规格为1 m×1 m、高度为0.25 m的经编防风固沙网格,网格内种植灌木,并于迎风侧最外侧设置2排高度为1.5 m的高立式沙障;在半固定沙丘试验段选择直径不小于10 mm、长度为55 cm的沙柳树枝沙障固沙(沙柳不小于70%的成活率),并于迎风侧最外侧设高立式沙障。经现场监测,两种措施均能有效降低风速,减少输沙量,达到防沙治沙效果。通过试验,制定了本线风沙路基平面防护的主要措施并推广应用。现铁路已通车多年,防沙效果良好。     

IPO择时行为对资本结构的影响分析

基于资本结构的市场时机选择理论,本文以2006-2010年沪深两市IPO公司为研究对象,建立实证分析模型,研究IPO市场时机选择行为对资本结构的影响。实证结果表明沪市不存在明显的IPO择时行为,而深市较为明显,且此行为对资本结构构有长期影响,但其影响力有限,不及传统因素。     

公路路基细粒土法向冻胀力影响因素研究

对典型土料用零位移静力平衡法进行了法向冻胀力试验,并用数理统计方法分析和总结了法向冻胀力随试样含水量、饱和度和干密度等因素变化的规律。同时进行了标准冻胀率试验,建立了法向冻胀力与峰值冻胀率的关系,以及加荷固结稳定后荷载与冻胀率的关系。