Identification of potential sites for deep-ocean waste isolation with a geographic site-selection model

Identification of optimal sites for the isolation of waste on the abyssal seafloor was performed with two approaches: by the traditional method of map overlays of relevant attributes, and by a specially developed, automated Site-Selection Model (SSM). Five initial, Surrogate Sites, identified with the map-overlay approach, were then compared with the more rigorously produced scores from the SSM. The SSM, a process for optimization of site locations, accepts subjective, expert-based judgments and transforms them into a quantitative, reproducible, and documented product. The SSM is adaptable to any siting scenario. Forty-one factors relevant to the isolation scenario, including 21 weightable factors having a total of 123 scorable categories, have been entered into the SSM. Factors are grouped under project definition, unique environments, anthropogenic, geologic, biologic, weather, oceanographic and distance criteria. The factor scores are linked to a georeferenced database array of all factors, corresponding to 1°×1° latitude–longitude squares. The SSM includes a total of 2241 one-degree squares within 1000 n.m. of the U.S. coasts, including the western North Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern North Pacific. Under a carefully weighted and scored scenario of isolation, the most favorable sites identified with the SSM are on the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains in the Atlantic. High-scoring sites are also located in the Pacific abyssal hills province between the Murray and Molokai Fracture Zones. Acceptable 1° squares in the Gulf of Mexico are few and of lower quality, with the optimum location on the northern Sigsbee Abyssal Plain. Two of the five Surrogate Site locations, on the Hatteras and Sigsbee Abyssal Plains, correspond to the best SSM sites in each ocean area. Two Pacific and a second Atlantic Surrogate Site are located in low-scoring regions or excluded by the SSM. Site-selection results from the SSM, although robust, are an initial attempt to quantify the site-selection process. The SSM database exposes a significant lack of high-quality information for many areally mappable attributes on the abyssal seafloor, particularly bottom-current speed and measures of biologic productivity and flux. Terminologies and classifications of some measures, such as sediment types, suffer from parochialism and vary by ocean. Considerable research is needed even for a broad understanding of the environmental measures required to make sound societal decisions about use of the abyssal seafloor for disposal or other purposes.     

HBeAg特异免疫复合物检测及临床意义

采用单克隆抗－ＨＢｅ固相ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１１８例ＨＢＶ感染者血清中ＨＢｅＡｇ特异免疫复合物（ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ），结果表明∶ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ与ＨＢＶ复制相关，可作为ＨＢＶ复制的一种血清学标志，ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性者中，６２．２％患者ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ阳性，提示ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ的形成致使夹心法不能检出ＨＢｅＡｇ，这类患者仍可以是ＨＢＶ野毒株感染，并非均为ＨＢｅＡｇ缺陷变异株感染；ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ阳性血清ＡＬＴ异常率明显高于ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ阴性血清（Ｐ＜０．０１），提示ＨＢｅＡｇ／ＩＣ存在与肝损伤有关。     

大型耙吸挖泥船“新海虎”号的轮机设计

文章描述了“新海虎”耙吸挖泥船轮机系统的设计，包括采用复合驱动的动力系统、功率管理系统、热源系统、冷却系统和泥泵封水系统的设计。     

复杂地质条件的板桩码头应用

对某板桩码头工程实例进行分析和计算,为复杂地质条件下的板桩码头应用提供解决方案.     

多种地基处理方法在复杂地基加固中的综合运用

为有效提高复杂地基的承载力和减小残余沉降,运用多种地基处理方法对天然地基和回填层地基进行了充分处理,某些地基处理技术达到国内领先水平。     

体外循环过程中红细胞免疫功能的改变

应用红细胞酵母花环试验和红细胞免疫调节因子一步测定法 ,对 30例体外循环过程中红细胞免疫功能及其调节因子进行测定。结果 :体外循环开始后红细胞C3b受体花环率明显升高 ,30 min时达到高峰 ,以后逐渐降低 ,但仍较转流前高 ,红细胞免疫复合物花环率无明显变化 ;红细胞免疫促进因子明显升高 ,而抑制因子明显降低 ,表现为红细胞免疫功能及调节功能紊乱。     

近期典型桥梁事故回顾、分析与启示

对1813~2018年期间的584起桥梁事故进行分析，将桥梁倒塌原因分为施工、自然灾害、设计、意外荷载、耐久性等5类。各原因在倒塌事故中所占比例分别为42.1%、30.0%、11.6%、12.7%、3.6%。除自然灾害外，设计施工不合理为主要原因，而事故发生大多是多种原因综合的结果。以近几年9起典型桥梁倒塌事故为例，分析比较各种倒塌桥梁的主要破坏模式，得到以下启示：①国内大部分梁桥上部结构的平面外位移约束构造不足，在任何一个平面内都不应该是可变体系是国内桥梁设计施工中需要注意的问题；②在应用新工艺、新结构和拆除旧桥时，应加强各种施工工况下的验算；③建议加强桥梁巡查，预防和禁止汽车超载以及桥梁附近大规模堆载；④应注重桥梁结构尤其是斜拉桥和悬索桥等特大桥梁的日常养护管理，当养护力量不足时，尽量选择养护要求较低的桥型。     

某集装箱堆场地基方案设计和评估

已运行了8年的集装箱空箱堆场拟升级为重箱堆场。通过现场勘探和土工试验确定土层当前的设计参数并加以分析计算。结果表明:地基的承载能力和工后沉降不能满足设计荷载要求,提出了分级堆箱预压的解决方案。     

复杂地段96m双线钢桁架梁顶推施工技术

介绍了京津城际轨道交通工程改京山线96 m双线简支钢桁架梁跨越北京市二环路顶推施工技术,该桥施工时因地制宜,充分利用二环路的辅路空间以尽量减小顶推跨度,上滑道采取间断式布置,下滑道采用不连续多段长滑道,用八三式军用墩器材搭设临时墩,并在主梁前方加设长导梁,顺利完成了钢桁梁顶推架设。另外还介绍了在顶推和落梁过程中应该注意的问题。     

武广客运专线红粘土CFG桩复合地基桩体变形研究

为研究红粘土复合地基中CFG桩的变形特性,在CFG桩内埋设混凝土应变计进行监测,结合室内土工试验,分析了红粘土复合地基中CFG桩桩身不同部位应变随荷载、时间的变化规律及其内在作用机理。结果表明:CFG桩在施加上覆荷载之前就存在初始内应力,桩顶下一定部位存在一初始应变零点;红粘土的膨胀性对CFG桩桩体变形有重要影响,复合地基需要较长的时间进行内部变形调整;变形稳定后,桩体中存在两个应变零点,拉压区域交替出现。