旋转压实仪压实力控制方法研究

采用试验研究为主导,结合相应的理论分析,采取分段控制的模型对旋转压实仪的压实力进行试验仿真研究;利用模糊PID控制的方法对压实力进行控制,解决了常规PID控制方法用于非线性、时变特性的被控对象难于实现实时控制的问题。最后,采用80C196单片机,应用模糊自整定数字控制的方法,设计了旋转压实仪控制器。实际应用结果表明:该控制方法可以提高旋转压实仪的动态响应速度,其压实力的控制精度可以达到设计标准的要求。     

水泥稳定碎石无侧限抗压强度与抗压回弹模量的关系

通过室内试验研究水泥稳定碎石基层混合料的无侧限抗压强度和回弹模量,并对其各自影响因素进行分析,对水泥稳定基层的抗压回弹模量与无侧限抗压强度之间的关系作了论述。阐述了建立两者关系的重要意义,并提出两种指标之间的关系式。     

基于路基顶面压应变的沥青路面轴载换算方法

对于沥青路面设计,选用了路基顶面压应变为设计时的控制指标。利用BISAR程序,计算了不同路面结构在不同轴重、不同胎压下路基顶面压应变。根据轴载换算等效原则,计算了基于路基顶面压应变的不同路面结构在不同轴重、不同胎压下轴载换算指数。结果表明,不同胎压、不同轴重及不同路面结构等情况对轴载换算指数的影响较小,各种情况下轴载换算系数的平均值为0.986;并结合路基顶面容许压应变计算得到基于路基顶面压应变的轴载换算系数为4.93。分析结果可为今后路面设计方法的轴载换算提供参考。     

基于ANSYS的预应力筋数值模拟

详细讨论了在有限元软件ANSYS中对预应力筋的3种不同建模方法,介绍了各个方法的优劣及其的应用范围。并以先张空心板为例,采用实体单元和杆单元用3种方法建立了结构的空间分析模型,并对计算结果进行了比较,得到了一些有价值的结论。     

压实黄土的工程力学性质研究

用常规击实方法制备不同夯击功能下的土样,来研究压实黄土的工程力学性质。试验结果表明:压实黄土的压缩模量、粘聚力及内摩擦角随击实功的增大而增大;不同击实功下土样的强度随龄期基本呈增长趋势,但其增长幅度与试验过程中的压应力大小有关;同一龄期土样的粘聚力随击实功变化幅度较大,而内摩擦角随击实功变化较小。     

光圆钢筋与活性粉末混凝土的粘结性能研究

为了研究光圆钢筋与活性粉末混凝土的粘结性能,本文改变钢筋直径与锚固长度测定了粘结应力和滑移量。通过理论分析与数据拟合,研究了粘结应力的影响因素、计算公式及粘结-滑移本构关系。结果表明:粘结应力受钢筋埋长、钢筋直径等因素的影响,随着埋长与钢筋直径的增大而减小。提出的以相对保护层厚度(c/d)和相对埋长(l/d)为主要参数的极限粘结应力计算公式,与试验结果吻合良好。分析给出不同直径光圆钢筋的锚固长度,并按GB 50010-2002的模式提出相应的锚固长度计算公式。本文提出的粘结-滑移本构方程与实测结果相关性好,可为活性粉末混凝土结构理论分析提供依据。     

Experimental research on spray and combustion characteristics of the third generation conical spray

A new generation conical spray system for conventional diesel engines or premixed combustion diesel engines is introduced. By means of oriented impingement method, flexible spray penetration in design is realized. High-speed photograph was used to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of the new spray for cases of different impingement angles and needle valve opening pressures. The results show that, by applying spray impingement orientation, fuel jets spread along the cone surface as shape of sectors, so the dispersion of jets is increased obviously. Changing on impingement angle leads to variation of penetration, which is critical in homogeneous mixture preparation. Due to the flexibility of spray penetration in design, the spray impingement on liner is avoided in a great extent. The results also indicate that higher needle valve opening pressure results in longer penetration and larger spray angle after impingement. Combustion characteristics of the impinged conical spray were studied in the 1135 type diesel engine. The new impinged conical spray system work smoothly in full load range with better fuel economy and lower emissions of NOx and soot than the original test engine.     

变截面连续箱梁剪力滞效应及其形成机制

为分析变截面连续梁的剪力滞效应,推导了变截面连续梁剪力滞效应的比拟杆控制方程,以某三跨连续梁为例检验了本文算法的正确性,讨论了箱梁梁高变化对连续箱梁剪力滞系数的影响,通过分析箱梁顶板和腹板内剪力流沿跨长的分布规律,探讨了梁高变化对连续箱梁正负剪力滞的影响规律。研究发现:连续梁正弯矩区呈现正剪力滞现象,负弯矩区的剪力滞现象与悬臂梁类似;梁高沿跨径方向的变化减弱了连续箱梁负弯矩区内剪力滞效应,但增大了正弯矩区的正剪力滞效应;工程设计时可以增大连续梁在负弯矩区内梁高的变化梯度,并减小正弯矩区内梁高的变化梯度,以最大程度地减小箱梁剪力滞效应。     

Development of hybrid optimization of train schedules model for N-track rail corridors

From a capacity perspective, efficient utilization of a railway corridor has two main objectives; avoidance of schedule conflicts, and finding a proper balance between capacity utilization and level of service (LOS). There are several timetable tools and commercial rail simulation packages available to assist in reaching these objectives, but few of them offer both automatic train conflict resolution and automatic timetable management features for the different types of corridor configurations. This research presents a new rescheduling model to address some of the current limitations. The multi-objective linear programming (LP) model is called “Hybrid Optimization of Train Schedules” (HOTS), and it works together with commercial rail simulation tools to improve capacity utilization or LOS metrics. The HOTS model uses both conflict resolution and timetable compression techniques and is applicable to single-, double-, and multiple-track corridors (N-track networks), using both directional and bi-directional operations. This paper presents the approach, formulation and data requirements for the HOTS model. Single and multi-track case studies test and demonstrate the model’s train conflict resolution and timetable compression capabilities, and the model’s results are validated by using RailSys simulation package. The HOTS model performs well in each tested scenario, providing comparable results (either improved or similar) to the commercial packages.     

提高铸管退火合格率的生产实践

退火炉结构复杂,自动化程度高,操作难度大,不易维护,铸管内在质量不稳定,退火合格率仅为94.5%.文中针对铸管退火合格率较低,铸管内在质量不稳定问题,从铸管常见的机械性能不合格、压痕不合格两个方面入手,通过炉前V型槽改造、炉内轨道结构改进、煤气管道上增设脱水过滤器等措施,解决了铸管常见的机械性能不合格、压痕不合格问题,...