Wheel-rail contact models for vehicle system dynamics including multi-point contact

Advanced modelling of rail vehicle dynamics requires realistic solutions of contact problems for wheels and rails that are able to describe contact singularities, encountered for wheels and rails. The basic singularities demonstrate themselves as double and multiple contact patches. The solutions of the contact problems have to be known practically in each step of the numerical integration of the differential equations of the model. The existing fast, approximate methods of solution to achieve this goal have been outlined. One way to do this is to replace a multi-point contact by a set of ellipses. The other methods are based on so-called virtual penetration. They allow calculating the non-elliptical, multiple contact patches and creep forces online, during integration of the model. This allows nearly real-time simulations. The methods are valid and applicable for so-called quasi-Hertzian cases, when the contact conditions do not deviate much from the assumptions of the Hertz theory. It is believed that it is worthwhile to use them in other cases too.     

一种基于导频和循环前缀的信道估计方法

提出了利用循环前缀对信道进行估计的方法,即在梳状导频模式时,使用导频获得导频子信道频率响应后,对其在频域方向进行插值得到数据子信道响应,在以后没有导频的序列的数据周期内,使用循环前缀对信道进行估计.仿真结果表明:和两个一维的插值方法相比,在不降低系统性能的情况下,改善了系统的实时性能.     

"叠加均值法"在沈本高速公路施工中的应用

主要介绍了在高速公路建设中,利用叠加均值法来解决路槽平整度这个较为复杂的问题。这种方法不仅简单实用,操作方便,节约大量的测量工作,而且可以加快施工进度,保证路槽的施工质量。     

曲线区钢轨双打磨廓形设计方法

为探究货运线路中曲线区段磨耗钢轨的打磨方法对钢轨的服役寿命及列车运行安全的直接影响,针对曲线区段钢轨打磨廓形设计方法开展研究。设计多段圆弧和半径等多参变量的平滑设计方法,构建钢轨廓形描述模型,结合车辆-轨道耦合动力学及轮轨接触分析,设计不同权重系数,建立缓和曲线及恒定半径曲线段的磨耗钢轨打磨廓形的多目标函数,采用优化算法求解并进行对比分析。研究结果表明：与传统单一打磨廓形相比,设计廓形对缓和曲线段和恒定半径曲线段,钢轨材料去除量分别降低了39.02%和20.47%;动力学性能显著提升。在缓和曲线段和恒定半径曲线段的交接处,轮对横移量最高降低了89.45%,过渡更加平缓。轮轨接触几何分布均匀,改善了车辆入弯前后的运行性能和曲线通过性能。轮轨接触斑面积增加,且随轮对横移量变化平缓,最大Mises应力和最大法向接触应力相对于优化前均有明显改善。采用双打磨廓形设计能够有效延长曲线区段钢轨使用寿命。     

城市轨道交通接触轨供电分段方式的探讨

接触轨按照供电系统的要求在正线和车辆段均设有电分段,本文通过对接触轨供电分段的常用设置方式中普遍存在的问题进行分析,并结合车辆运行和车辆段其他工种运营维护的实际需要提出合理设置接触轨供电分段的建议.     

老铁山水道航行危险度的模糊综合评价

介绍模糊综合评价法的数学原理,建立航道航行危险度评价模型,并对老铁山水道的航行危险度进行综合评价。结果表明,该评价方法是可行的。     

改善进港航道引起港内波能聚集问题的研究

进港航道在口门引起波能聚集,对港内泊稳条件产生不利影响,采用适当工程措施可使该情况有所改善。文中结合某工程实例探讨了包括增加防波堤、清除浅滩和调整航道轴线的三种工程方案,并通过基于Boussinesq方程的波浪数学模型进行了对比试验,结果表明各方案均能达到缓解波能聚集、改善泊稳条件的目的,但改善效果存在一定差异。最后还对试验中采用单方向和多方向波的结果进行了初步对比探讨,对于航道波能聚集影响港内波况的问题,采用单方向不规则波的试验结果将偏于危险。     

带中间渠道船闸运转方式的试验研究

带中间渠道的分散梯级船闸是高坝通航建筑物的布置型式之一,它具有调度灵活、通过能力大等特点。但其上下级船闸采用不同运转方式时,所产生的非恒定流水流条件十分复杂,严重时将影响船舶(队)停泊和航行条件,还会对船闸运转及人字闸门产生不利影响。通过1:40的水工概化模型试验,对断面为规则的矩形中间渠道进行了上下级船闸单独、同时与错时灌泄水3种运转方式渠道内的水力特性研究,否定了船闸同时运转方式;对渠长2 000 m和1 400 m在特定条件下的船闸错时运转方式,找出了最佳错开时间;对3种运转方式的水力要素进行综合对比后,最终推荐采用先泄后灌运转方式。     

Finite Element Analysis for Multi-pass Equal Channel Angular Pressing

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an attractive process method to produce bulk ultra-fine grained materials. There are many experiment evidences showing that the nature of the microstructural evolution in multi-pass ECAP depends on process routes. Isothermal three dimensional FEM simulations for multi-pass ECAP were performed using DEFORM3D finite element code. The material model of 6061Al-T6 was employed. Flow nets, effective strain distribution in the workpiece and loads during multi-pass ECAP using different routes were analysed respectively. The simulations show process routes influence material flow and effective strain distribution in the workpiece obviously but have few influence on loads.     

An Adaptive Joint Source/Channel Coding Using Error Correcting Arithmetic Codes

An approximately optimal adaptive arithmetic coding (AC) system using a forbidden symbol (FS) over noisy channels was proposed which allows one to jointly and adaptively design the source decoding and channel correcting in a single process, with superior performance compared with traditional separated techniques. The concept of adaptiveness is applied not only to the source model but also to the amount of coding redundancy. In addition, an improved branch metric computing algorithm and a faster sequential searching algorithm compared with the system proposed by Grangetto were proposed. The proposed system is tested in the case of image transmission over the AWGN channel, and compared with traditional separated system in terms of packet error rate and complexity. Both hard and soft decoding were taken into account.