单层钢板桩深水围堰施工技术

九华河大桥水中墩的施工过程中采用单层钢板桩进行水下围堰施工,结合工程的实际情况,对单层钢板桩稳定性、涌砂隆起进行了验算,确定了单层钢板桩的设计参数,并对施工过程中钢板桩的受力大小以及封底层厚度进行了计算,为施工提供了可靠依据。施工过程的监测数据表明,该单层钢板桩设计合理,结构稳定,保证了工程的顺利进行,为以后类似工程施工提供了较大的参考价值。     

基于软土地基的斜拉桥现浇箱梁满堂支架施工技术探讨

以辽宁(营口)沿海产业基地民生路大桥建设为依托,阐述了满堂式支架现浇箱梁施工中软土地基处理、碗扣式支架及连续箱梁的施工工艺与施工方法.     

盾构扩挖法建造地铁车站的桩-柱-预应力支撑体系参数研究

盾构扩挖法建造地铁车站的施工方案的一个技术关键是在拆除部分管片之前对隧道结构进行加固．综合国内外对于管片破除时的加固措施,提出一种新型的支撑体系：桩-柱-预应力支撑体系．通过有限元分析对支撑体系中钢索预应力施加的位置和大小进行了研究．结果表明：管片开口部位的上下位置均需要施加预应力;远离管片开口部位的对面管片腰部也需要施加预应力,大小约为开口部位的10％;隧道外侧施做排桩有利于控制管片的纵向变形;在不超过混凝土设计强度的情况下,预应力越大,对管片纵向的约束越强．     

查询重写在查询优化中的应用

查询优化是数据库系统设计和实现所采用的一项重要技术,也是影响数据库系统性能的一个关键因素。针对用户对查询效率要求较高的特点,对SQL查询语句具体的执行过程进行了深入地探讨,并以大连市公安局实际项目——刑事审讯辅助决策支持系统为研究背景,通过建立实视图的方法,对查询进行了重写,切实地提高了数据的查询效率。     

管棚法施工中格栅支护机理分析

以杭州机场路人行过街地道为背景,为研究管棚荷载传递规律,建立双参数弹性地基梁模型,选取受力最危险的一榀格栅,通过有限元软件建立荷载一结构模型分析开挖对该榀格栅内力的影响。研究结果表明：紧邻开挖面的第一榀格栅所承担的荷栽能占到开挖荷载的70％左右,是开挖荷载的主要承受构件;相对格栅拱架底部和横向支撑,拱架顶部和竖向支撑承受了相当大的应力为主要的受力部分,以便控制掌子面向内部净空的挤压变形。     

长沙地铁月亮岛车站内撑体系优化设计

为增加施工空间和更好地处理富水砂卵层基坑底板防水问题,提出取消临时格构柱的内支撑优化设计方案。依托长沙地铁月亮岛车站的深基坑工程,对支护体系进行介绍,采用数值模拟、理论计算和现场监测等方法对设计方案进行分析。结果表明,钢支撑轴力、内力和最大挠度虽然有所增大,但仍小于允许值,证明优化方案具有可行性。监测结果表明,墙体最大水平位移、地表最大沉降、墙顶最大水平位移和支撑轴力均未达报警值,证明优化方案能保证基坑安全性和稳定性。优化方案有效地缩短了工期,降低了工程造价,为类似工程提供了借鉴。     

LNG低温管托的结构特点及材料选用

LNG(液化天然气)在输送过程中,冷量泄漏易汽化产生BOG气体,会严重影响接收站的经济收益。在设计过程中,考虑低温管托需承重,其选用的保冷材料与管道本体不同,选择合适的结构和材料,可以最大限度地减少冷量泄漏。文中介绍一种低温管托的设计要求、结构特点和材料选用,该管托在实际应用过程中表现出良好的保冷性能且施工方便,值得推广应用。     

Air holding problem solving with reinforcement learning to reduce airspace congestion

The Air Holding Problem Module is proposed as a decision support system to help air traffic controllers in their daily air traffic flow management. This system is developed using an Artificial Intelligence technique known as multiagent systems to organize and optimize the solutions for controllers to handle traffic flow in Brazilian airspace. In this research, the air holding problem is modeled with reinforcement learning, and a solution is proposed and applied in two case studies of the Brazilian airspace. The system can suggest more precise and realistic actions based upon past situations and knowledge of the professionals and forecast the impact of restrictive measures at the local and/or overall level. The first case study shows performance improvements in traffic flows between 8 and 47% at the local level up to 49% at the overall level. In the second case study, performance improvements were between 15 and 57% at the local level and between 41 and 48% at the overall level. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Assessment of large transport infrastructure projects: The CBA-DK model

This paper presents a newly developed decision support model to assess transport infrastructure projects: CBA-DK. The model combines use of conventional cost–benefit analysis to produce aggregated single point estimates, with quantitative risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation to produce interval results. The embedded uncertainties within traditional CBA such as ex-ante based investment costs and travel time savings are of particular concern. The paper investigates these two impacts in terms of the Optimism Bias principle which is used to take account of the underestimation of construction costs and the overestimation of travel time savings. The CBA-DK methodological approach has been used to apply suitable probability distribution functions on the uncertain parameters, thus resulting in feasibility risk assessment moving from point to interval results. The proposed assessment model makes use of both deterministic and stochastic based information. Decision support as illustrated in this paper aims to provide assistance in the development and ultimately the choice of action, while accounting for the uncertainties surrounding transport appraisal schemes. The modelling framework is illustrated by the use of a case study appraising airport and runway alternatives in the capital of Greenland – Nuuk. The case study has been conducted in cooperation with the Home Rule Authorities of Greenland.     

公路隧道大管棚超前支护技术与工程实践

超前大管棚支护是隧道施工中穿越软弱破碎围岩的一种有效的加固施工方法。通过介绍超前大管棚在不良地质隧道施工中的受力原理、大管棚设计与施工要点及适用范围等内容，并结合重庆玉峰山隧道出口洞口段超前大管棚施工实例，对超前管棚在施工中的应用价值做一论证，有助于该方法的应用推广。