混凝土箱梁设计参数对温度效应的影响

在对水府庙混凝土箱梁桥温度场的实测和分析基础上,进行设计参数的研究,包括箱梁翼缘悬臂长度、腹板高度和桥梁轴线方位角对温度场和温度应力的影响,得到最大横向温差与（腹板高度/翼缘悬臂长度）的曲线图.     

计算机仿真研究平整度指标与路面状态的定量关系

参照平整度测量仪的结构及原理,用MATLAB科学计算语言对平整度的测量过程进行了模拟仿真,分析平整度指标与路面状态参数之间的定量关系,并阐述了此项研究对提出新的摊铺机自动找平系统的控制方式,提高路面平整度具有的实际意义与可行性.     

基于BP网络的球鼻首参数化优化

本文以某集装箱船为研究对象,对降速航行后的球鼻首进行优化。采用Catia建立船体三维模型,为了产生不同形状的球鼻首,选取球鼻特征参数来描述其基本结构;采用拉丁超立方试验抽样方法得到12组不同形状的球鼻首,提出运用非线性拟合能力较强的BP网络构建球鼻首参数和阻力系数之间的关系模型;采用遗传算法对训练后的网络进行极值寻优。结果显示,优化船型的阻力系数显著降低,说明该方法对球鼻首的优化有一定的借鉴意义。     

A copula-based approach for estimating the travel time reliability of urban arterial

Estimating the travel time reliability (TTR) of urban arterial is critical for real-time and reliable route guidance and provides theoretical bases and technical support for sophisticated traffic management and control. The state-of-art procedures for arterial TTR estimation usually assume that path travel time follows a certain distribution, with less consideration about segment correlations. However, the conventional approach is usually unrealistic because an important feature of urban arterial is the dependent structure of travel times on continuous segments. In this study, a copula-based approach that incorporates the stochastic characteristics of segments travel time is proposed to model arterial travel time distribution (TTD), which serves as a basis for TTR quantification. First, segments correlation is empirically analyzed and different types of copula models are examined. Then, fitting marginal distributions for segment TTD is conducted by parametric and non-parametric regression analysis, respectively. Based on the estimated parameters of the models, the best-fitting copula is determined in terms of the goodness-of-fit tests. Last, the model is examined at two study sites with AVI data and NGSIM trajectory data, respectively. The results of path TTD estimation demonstrate the advantage of the proposed copula-based approach, compared with the convolution model without capturing segments correlation and the empirical distribution fitting methods. Furthermore, when considering the segments correlation effect, it was found that the estimated path TTR is more accurate than that by the convolution model.     

A new model for temporal–spatial stochastic analysis of vehicle–track coupled systems

The vehicle–track coupled system has a random nature in the time–space domain. This paper proposes a computational model to analyse the temporal–spatial stochastic vibrations of vehicle–track systems, where the vehicle–track system is divided into a vehicle subsystem, track subsystem, and interfacial subsystem between the wheel and rail. In this model, the time-varying randomicity of dynamical parameters of the vehicle system, correlation, and randomness of the track structural parameters in the time–space joint dimensions, and randomness of the track random irregularities are considered. A probability dimension-reduction method was used to randomly combine different random variables. Furthermore, the probability density evolution method was applied to solve the delivery problem of probabilities between excitation inputs and response outputs. The temporal–spatial stochastic vibrations of the vehicle–track system with different coefficients of variation were studied, in which we assumed that the dynamic parameters obeyed the normal distribution, and the stochastic simulation method of the track random irregularities is probed into. The calculated results from this model are consistent with the actual measured results and physical conceptions. Thus, the temporal–spatial stochastic evolutionary mechanism can be explored, and the limits of dynamic indices can be formulated by using this developed model.     

桥梁加宽中新增梁对旧桥的影响

依托黄土地区高速公路改扩建桥梁加宽工程,选取一座3孔13 m简支空心板桥,分析新增空心板梁对旧桥原有板梁的影响。基于不同加宽方案对新旧桥空心板梁横向分布系数进行了计算,计算结果表明增加新梁截面刚度可有效降低旧梁横向分布系数。建议采用移旧桥边梁为新桥边梁并且提高新增空心板梁刚度的加宽方案。     

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥静风响应分析

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥作为一种全新的结构体系,兼备了自锚式悬索桥和斜拉桥的许多优点,结构体系则更为复杂。结合400m主跨的金州海湾大桥这一实际工程方案,建立了有限元空间分析模型,分析了其在静风荷载作用下的非线性行为,总结了初始攻角、附加攻角等参数及是否考虑缆索系统承受风荷载等对体系的影响规律。     

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基于视频的交通流检测在智能交通系统中具有重要意义。本文针对广泛采用的低位摄像机,提出了一种交通流特性参数的检测分析方法。首先基于三级虚拟检测线和自适应更新率局部背景建模来快速提取车辆特征点并消除活动阴影对提取精度的影响;然后基于Adaboost（Adaptive Boosting,自适应增强）分类器实现特征点按车分组,并在跟踪过程中根据运动特征相关度消除分组误差,获取高精度的车辆轨迹;进而自动生成多车道轨迹时空图并提取各车道交通流的多种特性参数。实验结果验证了算法的高效性;同时,自动生成的多车道轨迹时空图也为更多的交通信息获取和更深入的交通流特性分析提供了有力支持。     

基于灰色关联度的船舶风险控制方案多指标评价模型

分析了仅依靠成本效益评估而选择的船舶风险控制方案的片面性,综合考虑安全、环保、经济收益、成本等多因素对方案所表现的影响,建立了基于灰色关联度的船舶风险控制方案多指标评价模型。论文所建立的该模型可以充分利用各方案的指标取值所包含的信息,并考虑专家主观因素对指标重要度的影响,通过主客观综合赋权的方法突出某个指标在方案排序中的作用。以国际海事组织对液化天然气船的综合安全评估报告所提供的风险控制措施为例,使用该模型进行方案优选,并与仅用成本效益评估所得结果比较;分析比较表明:论文所建立的多指标评价模型可以更全面评估风险控制方案,方法合理,使用简便可靠。     

新型沙漏式FPSO的浮体外形参数对水动力性能的影响

为了解决传统船型和已有圆柱筒状FPSO的性能局限,论文提出了一种具有沙漏型浮式主体的新概念FPSO。根据所研发的新型沙漏式浮体模型,确定了能够反映浮体几何形状、FPSO基本功能和水动力性能的5个相互独立的外形参数。然后,采用基于频域势流理论的边界元数值模拟方法研究了新型沙漏式浮体在波浪中的运动响应,并且定性分析了不同浮体外形参数(下倾角、水线面半径等)对浮体水动力性能的影响,得到一些有意义的结论,以期能够为新型沙漏式FPSO的主浮体外形设计提供参考依据和准则。