列车车钩缓冲装置系统动力学仿真

将键合图理论与方法和MATLAB相结合,用键合图建立列车车钩缓冲装置的系统动力学模型,将键合图转换成方框图,方框图转换成MATLAB(SIMULINK)模块,然后利用MATLAB对仿真模型进行求解.对两种不同的列车车钩缓冲装置进行系统动力学仿真,得到了较好的仿真结果,为列车车钩缓冲装置的设计、改进和应用提供了有价值的参考.同时证明了键合图方法的可行性,优越性.     

全光纤滤波器的传输谱特性

针对密集波分复用系统在升级过程中对全光纤滤波器的技术要求,构造了一种将2种不同结构的2×2和3×3光纤耦合器按照一定方式级联构成的一种新型光纤滤波器,基于光纤耦合理论和传输矩阵理论,在理论上进行了充分的分析,实现了器件按照不等带宽信道的输出谱图.结果表明:当光纤耦合器分光比和干涉仪臂长差等参量值匹配得当时,能实现在100GHz信道带宽内,同时传输总量为50Gbit/s速率的光信号,大大提高了带宽利用率;器件的输出谱整体满足密集波分复用系统所需的通带宽度和截止宽度.     

制动条件下连挂救援动车组车钩垂向偏转行为

为了研究连挂救援动车组在制动条件下产生的冲击,建立了不同编组形式下的动车组动力学模型。考虑实际的车钩运动关系和缓冲器迟滞特性,建立了钩缓装置的动力学模型。制定了连挂救援动车组的运行安全阈值,分析了紧急制动时动车和钩缓系统的动力学响应,研究了直线工况下车钩的动态偏转行为与动车编组形式、制动减速度和车钩自由转角等参数对动车组运行安全性的影响。计算结果表明:A类动车组连挂救援B类动车组,直线上制动时连挂断面的压钩力和车钩点头角分别达到799.4kN和11.5°,钩尾框托梁垂向力和车端垂向相对位移分别达到136.2kN和126.2mm,明显超过允许限值,即80kN和95mm,车钩力垂向分量会造成车体点头和轮重减载现象,从而导致局部结构破坏和车间运动干涉。当制动档位降到7级或车钩自由点头角低至4°时,钩尾框前箱托梁垂向力低于限值,而车端垂向相对位移超过限值;当制动档位降到6级或车钩自由点头角低至2°时,可保证车端垂向相对位移低于允许值。     

Establishment and verification of three-dimensional dynamic model for heavy-haul train–track coupled system

For the long heavy-haul train, the basic principles of the inter-vehicle interaction and train–track dynamic interaction are analysed firstly. Based on the theories of train longitudinal dynamics and vehicle–track coupled dynamics, a three-dimensional (3-D) dynamic model of the heavy-haul train–track coupled system is established through a modularised method. Specifically, this model includes the subsystems such as the train control, the vehicle, the wheel–rail relation and the line geometries. And for the calculation of the wheel–rail interaction force under the driving or braking conditions, the large creep phenomenon that may occur within the wheel–rail contact patch is considered. For the coupler and draft gear system, the coupler forces in three directions and the coupler lateral tilt angles in curves are calculated. Then, according to the characteristics of the long heavy-haul train, an efficient solving method is developed to improve the computational efficiency for such a large system. Some basic principles which should be followed in order to meet the requirement of calculation accuracy are determined. Finally, the 3-D train–track coupled model is verified by comparing the calculated results with the running test results. It is indicated that the proposed dynamic model could simulate the dynamic performance of the heavy-haul train well.