基于裂纹尖端应力比值的FGM板应力强度因子简便预测方法

为了弥补含裂纹功能梯度材料(FGM)结构强度预测方法的不足,文章基于有限元分析方法,将复杂的FGM板应力强度因子求解问题转化为简单的FGM板和均匀材料板之间裂纹尖端应力比值计算问题,仅通过使用均匀材料板和FGM板裂纹尖端应力比值、均匀材料板应力强度因子经验公式即可得到任意FGM板应力强度因子值,从而提出了一种基于裂纹尖端应力比值的FGM板应力强度因子简便预测方法。该方法避免了复杂的矩阵运算以及数值积分,仅需建立二维有限元模型即可在保证精确度的基础上快速得到FGM板应力强度因子预测值。通过多组算例对比分析,证明该方法预测精度高,比传统计算方法更为简便,便于工程应用。     

地铁科学馆站顶板混凝土裂缝简析

针对深圳地铁科学馆站主体结构混凝土顶板裂缝 ,从顶板结构、混凝土材料成分及混凝土施工工艺等方面分析该裂缝产生的原因 ,提出预防措施 ,通过实践 ,在抗裂方面取得良好效果     

EQ1170KA客车底盘焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率的研究

本文研究了EQ1170KA客车底盘焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率的规律,结果表明:焊接接头不同部位的疲劳裂纹扩展速率各不相同,焊接残余应力和金相组织对疲劳裂纹扩展速率都有一定的影响。     

A review of the effect of a／W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅰ）—experimental investigation in EPFM

Many experimental investigations have previously been performed and recently done on different shipbuilding structural steels where the specimens size and crack depth/specimen width (a/W) were varied. A series of interesting results have been gained. It is worthwhile to have a review on the effect of a/W ratio on fracture toughness, and further theoretical analysis is necessary. In this paper, experimental work in elasticplastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) was discussed. Tests had been carried out on 10 kinds of strength steels. Results showed that J _i and δ₁ values increased with decreasing a/W when a/W<0.3 for three-point bend specimens and that shallow crack specimens which have less constrained flow field give markedly higher values of toughness than deeply notched specimens. However, for a/W>0.3, the toughness was found to be independent of a/W. Slip line field analysis shows that for shallow cracks, the hydrostatic stress is lower than that from standard deeply cracked bend specimen which develops a high level of crack tip constraint, provides a lower bound estimate of toughness, and will ensure an unduly conservative approach when applied to structure defects especially if initiation values of COD/J-integral are used.     

现浇钢筋混凝土楼板裂缝的综合防治

从设计、混凝土材料、施工等方面分析现浇钢筋混凝土楼板裂缝的成因，并以改善施工技术为重点，提出现浇钢筋混凝土楼板裂缝的综合性防治措施，为类似工程提供借鉴。     

关于我国进行远距离AIS信息探测的研究

如今对远距离船舶的跟踪探测已经成为航海发展的又一热点方向。本文针对2006年国际电信联盟会议上通过的有关远距离AIS消息探测的草案报告,结合我国的实际情况,对我国使用AIS系统进行远距离探测的方法进行了分析和探讨。     

高速客车SiCp/A356铝基制动盘材料的热疲劳裂纹形成与扩展试验研究

在室温25℃~360℃自约束型热循环条件下,研究SiC增强颗粒体积分数为20%的铝基复合材料SiCp/A356的热疲劳裂纹形成与扩展特性,并且探讨了复合材料热疲劳裂纹的形成机制和扩展过程。研究结果显示,试样的切口尺寸对裂纹形成有很大的影响,而对裂纹扩展阶段的影响可以忽略,但试样厚度对裂纹的扩展有影响。通过非线性有限元顺序耦合法仿真计算了热疲劳裂纹尖端应力应变场,确定热疲劳裂纹扩展的驱动力为低温点的拉应力,因而认为,结合本次实验结果并通过断裂力学分析方法可以对颗粒增强金属基复合材料的热疲劳裂纹的扩展行为做进一步的研究。     

太谷互通跨线桥裂缝分析和处理

以太长高速公路太谷互通跨线桥为例，介绍和分析了现浇连续箱梁桥出现裂缝的原因以及相应的处理方法，并对今后的设计和施工提出了需要注意的事项，可供工程技术人员参考。     

已建码头面板现浇层裂缝问题工程对策研究

码头面板现浇层的裂缝并非浅表裂缝,大多穿透了现浇层,并沿预制面板与现浇板缝的界面向下延伸。该裂缝影响码头结构构件的耐久性,对码头上部结构的刚度有一定削弱。提出用超细水泥灌浆修补面板现浇层裂缝的工程对策。     

A state-of-the-art review on fatigue life prediction methods for metal structures

 Metals are the most widely used materials in engineering structures, and one of the most common failure modes of metal structures is fatigue failure. Although metal fatigue has been studied for more than 160 years, many problems still remain unsolved. In this article, a state-of-the-art review of metal fatigue is carried out, with particular emphasis on the latest developments in fatigue life prediction methods. All factors which affect the fatigue life of metal structures are grouped into four categories: material, structure, loading, and environment. The effects of these factors on fatigue behavior are also addressed. Finally, potential problems to be resolved in the near future are pointed out. Received: January 7, 2002 / Accepted: March 25, 2002