加速度变化率对汽车制动器磨损特性的影响

为了避免加速度变化率过大引起车辆急动而造成安全事故,分析了加速度变化率与汽车制动器比能量耗散率的关系,讨论了加速度变化率对汽车制动器摩擦衬片磨损特性的影响,建立了用加速度变化率表示的汽车比能量耗散率计算公式及二者的关系曲线,并计算出轻型、中型、重型3类客车中吨位最大车型的加速度变化率的最高许用参考值。参考该值可以保证行车安全,并延长制动器的使用寿命。     

柴油机排气制动控制技术研究

介绍了基于CAN总线的柴油机排气制动控制系统。设计完成了以DSP控制器为主、S12控制器为辅的发动机排气制动控制系统,二者通过CAN总线方式进行通信,采用步进电机驱动排气蝶阀方式实现了排气节流控制。在单缸柴油机上通过反拖功率和减速测量的方法,进行了制动试验。分析了发动机在不同转速和不同的蝶阀制动角度下的排气制动效果。试验结果表明,排气制动作为一种辅助制动系统,在排气蝶阀的制动角度较大时制动作用明显。     

盘式制动器车辆的制动抖动现象

盘式制动器的制动抖动现象，会影响车辆的行驶安全性和驾驶舒适性，其产生原因是制动盘的原始几何尺寸及热膨胀作用造成几何变形的共同作用引起制动压力的波动，进而产生对制动系统及悬架和转向机构的激振作用。制动管路和悬架等传递途径的自振特性，也会对抖动的振幅产生影响。文章在结合国内外相关文献和实验分析数据的基础上，对盘式制动器特有的制动抖动现象进行了研究。主要包括制动抖动现象的成因和相关各方面的实验与分析方法，最后提出了改进建议。     

前后车轮制动器制动力矩的分配

探讨了前后车轮制动器力矩分配对轮式机械制动性能的影响,就如何确定合理的前后轮制动器的分配比值进行了分析,最后确定出了合理的前后轮制动力距.     

面向制动噪声的盘式制动器零部件实模态分析

基于实模态分析理论和有限元法，研究了某盘式制动器的制动噪声问题，分别建立了制动盘、制动块、制动钳钳体和制动钳支架的有限元模型，计算了它们固有频率在20kHz以下的各阶实模态，并对与制动噪声有关的各阶模态进行了分析。     

Effect of wheel-slip prevention based on sliding mode control theory for railway vehicles

It is important to consider the robustness when designing brake control systems, because of the model's uncertainties that result from the nonlinear characteristics of wheel-to-rail adhesion forces and brake material friction coefficients. This paper presents the experimental results from the new wheel-slip prevention control using nonlinear robust control theory. The authors performed experiments for the proposed wheel-slip prevention control to compare it with the conventional control laws. The experimental results proved the comparative effectiveness of the proposed control and showed high brake performance under nonlinear characteristics of brake dynamics.     

地铁车辆制动时车轮闸瓦热-机耦合分析

从闸瓦和车轮的三维接触模型入手,建立用于数值分析的有限元模型,通过Marc软件提供的有限元方法,采用直接热-机耦合进行分析不同工况时踏面的温度和应力.结果表明,制动初速度,闸瓦压力,闸瓦材料对踏面的温度和热应力都会有影响.不同计算工况下踏面上温度和应力极值出现的位置一致,在所用车轮模型踏面上距离左边界40~55 mm处.在频繁制动后,该位置受到热损伤积累,将会出现沟槽等异常磨耗.     

商用车气压ABS的设计匹配对制动性能的影响

随着法规对制动要求的提高,气压制动防抱死系统在商用车上的使用越来越广泛。合理匹配并充分发挥防抱死系统的性能尤为重要。本文重点对防抱死系统的选型及技术匹配对制动性能的影响进行分析。     

鼓式制动器循环制动瞬态温度场仿真

依据鼓式制动器结构特点和传热学理论,分析了鼓式制动器生热散热过程,运用有限元软件ANSYS建立某鼓式制动器瞬态温度场仿真模型,得出在重复制动工况下制动鼓的温升过程,分析了瞬态温度场的变化情况。根据国家标准进行热衰退试验,通过修改仿真模型的热边界条件,使仿真温度曲线与试验曲线相吻合,确定了鼓式制动器瞬态温度场分析的边界条件及模拟方法。     

Stability and optimised H∞ control of tripped and untripped vehicle rollover

Vehicle rollover is a serious traffic accident. In order to accurately evaluate the possibility of untripped and some special tripped vehicle rollovers, and to prevent vehicle rollover under unpredictable variations of parameters and harsh driving conditions, a new rollover index and an anti-roll control strategy are proposed in this paper. Taking deflections of steering and suspension induced by the roll at the axles into consideration, a six degrees of freedom dynamic model is established, including lateral, yaw, roll, and vertical motions of sprung and unsprung masses. From the vehicle dynamics theory, a new rollover index is developed to predict vehicle rollover risk under both untripped and special tripped situations. This new rollover index is validated by Carsim simulations. In addition, an H-infinity controller with electro hydraulic brake system is optimised by genetic algorithm to improve the anti-rollover performance of the vehicle. The stability and robustness of the active rollover prevention control system are analysed by some numerical simulations. The results show that the control system can improve the critical speed of vehicle rollover obviously, and has a good robustness for variations in the number of passengers and longitude position of the centre of gravity.