The Development of a Visualization Methodology for Integrated Coastal Management

Coastal management information is frequently communicated to stakeholders and the public through complicated management documents and engineering plans. With the recognition that public involvement in coastal decision-making processes should be widened have come calls to develop new techniques to communicate complicated coastal information. Using Virtual Reality Geographical Information Systems and visualization packages, such information may be presented using formats more suitable for public consultation and information dissemination exercises than those currently employed. Using a site on the north Norfolk coast of England, an integrated Geographical Information Systems based methodology is presented that allows the visualization of proposed coastal management interventions. Visualizations have been produced that can be published in traditional paper-based management documents, or electronically. The different visualizations are compared and the technical issues surrounding their use discussed. It is argued that the methodology has clear advantages over traditional communication methods, although further research is necessary to determine how it may be practically employed by coastal managers.     

Consensus Building in Oil Spill Response Planning Using a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

Major accidental oil spills still affect ecologically and economically sensitive marine areas and shorelines, even though environmental programs and policies have led to an increase of ship safety measures. The aim of decision making during oil spill response management is to minimize pollution effects on coastal areas, once spills occur. However, limited equipments or options prevent such a globally satisfying combat strategy. Thus, often preferences between different coastal areas or uses, respectively, have to be made in an operational way. Such a management issue is here taken as a multigroup multicriteria decision-making problem involving a variety of stakeholders and natural dynamic environments. For solving such a complex problem, this article proposes a second order fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model, which takes the influence of multiple criteria and the knowledge of different interested groups into account and further provides a basis for simulating a voting-based decision process. With the combination of oil fate simulations and FCE technique, managers are able to realize an integrated management for oil spill. Through a case study of the Prestige accident off the Spanish coast in 2002, it is demonstrated that the model provides a simple, effective and adaptable method to solve operational management problems related to complex human nature interactions as realized during oil spill management. Moreover, a series of analyses and comparisons are focused on to explore potentials and limitations of the FCE for further applications in the field of multigroup multicriteria decision making.     

智慧港口的内涵及系统结构

智慧港口充分体现了现代管理方法、信息采集和处理技术、决策支持理论在港口运作和管理中的应用,表现为实施港口功能创新、技术创新和服务创新等.基于物联网等智慧技术,分析了智慧港口的内涵和功能,研究了智慧港口的系统结构.提出以智慧港口数据平台为核心,包括集疏运体系、靠离泊体系、码头装卸作业体系、堆场仓储作业体系、港口口岸监管服务体系等内容的智慧港口系统结构,并对各组成部分的主要功能进行了研究.     

Cycle Network Planning: Towards a Holistic Approach Using Temporal Topology

ABSTRACT

Current cycle-network planning (CNP) at the local level tends to be dominated by a subjective-pragmatic approach in which it is only possible to consider a limited number of route alignment possibilities and development-sequencing scenarios. Although this method may produce acceptable results, it may also be true that the final design could be improved – and the construction efficiency could be enhanced – by a more comprehensive review of the available options in relation to the objectives of the intervention. Such objectives may include accident reduction, modal shift in favour of cycling, health benefits or strategic expansion of a network. This article presents work undertaken to demonstrate a holistic approach to CNP, based on a logically defined spatio-temporal model and allowing some semi-automated multiobjective optimization of network designs in a GIS-based decision-support system. The model is introduced briefly before a case study applying this model to development of a cycle network in a small town in northeast England is described. The results obtained from this case study and the implications of this research for cycle network planners are discussed.     

Applications of intuitionistic fuzzy set aggregation operators in transport multi-factor project evaluation

Abstract

An intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is a generalisation of a fuzzy set characterised by a truth membership function and a false membership function. The former is a lower bound on the grade of membership of the evidence in favour of a particular element belonging to the set and the latter is a lower bound on the negation of that element belonging to the set derived from evidence against that element belonging to the set. A similar concept is a vague set, though vague sets have been shown to be identical to IFSs. In the context of project evaluation, an IFS may be used to represent the degree to which a project satisfies a criterion and the degree to which it does not. Aggregation of such IFSs has been considered in recent years to identify a best project in terms of several criteria or factors. A particular desirable way to aggregate IFS is in terms of an ordered weighted average (OWA) which can be expressed in different forms such as arithmetic and geometric. In an OWA operator, weights are applied to the position of an element in the aggregation. In addition, hybrid OWA operators may be developed to not only weight the position of elements in the aggregation but the element itself. An example is given relating to the Kuranda Range Road upgrade (Queensland, Australia) which is limited by grade, poor overtaking opportunities, poor horizontal alignment and other constraints and the road is expected to become increasingly congested over the next few years. A more flexible multi-factor decision method is used to identify a ‘best’ project from a set of four alternative projects.     

公路养护决策模型研究

通过对多种公路养护决策模型的研究和分析,采用马尔可夫决策过程和动态规划理论建立决策模型,提高了模型的易用性和适用性,较好地解决了养护资金如何科学利用的问题,为公路养护管理部门提供决策参考依据。     

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针对多源交通信息具有模糊性和时变性的特点,引入直觉模糊集理论(IFS),建立多源交通信息一致性融合算法,融合传感器检测信息与人工信息对交通状态进行实时判别.为了解决IFS中非隶属度函数难以确定的问题,借鉴隶属度函数的构造方法,通过建立双隶属度函数构造直觉模糊数.并以直觉模糊数中的隶属度、非隶属度建立支持度函数,量化决策信息的一致性程度,决策信息的支持度越高集成权重越大,并且权值随决策信息的变化而动态更新.最后给出交通状态决策信息融合算法的具体步骤,并通过算例证明算法是有效的.     

基于多目标的公共图书馆绩效评估研究

公共图书馆绩效评估指标具有多目标极性,灰局势决策是多目标极性的决策,灰局势决策用于公共图书馆绩效评估是可行的．基于资源投入及服务产出为目标,构建公共图书馆绩效评估指标体系,以北京、上海、天津、重庆4大直辖市为例,讨论灰局势决策方法在公共图书馆绩效评估的实践应用．